Go back to the Ming Dynasty to be a thousand households

Chapter 237 Great Migration

The second day of November in the 21st year of Wanli.

Previously, the reform of rewarding silver and the survey of soldiers' attitudes have been fully understood. About 400% of the soldiers are willing to implement the new beheading reward system. Beheading one level in exchange for [-] mu of fertile land in Hetao.

Everyone also agreed with Huang Laifu's reward silver provident fund system. The first-level reward for beheading is 40 taels of silver. Each time, 5 taels will be issued first, and the remaining 35 taels of silver will be deposited in the provident fund. Send it down.After all, the amount of silver reward for each beheading is too huge, and it is not easy to pay. Everyone understands Huang Junmen's difficulties.In addition, Huang Laifu has always been a trustworthy person, and the soldiers all trust Huang Laifu very much.

So on this day, Huang Laifu ordered the reward for the beheading of the Wuzhaibao army for killing the enemy in the Korean War.The money is issued first, and the land is recorded in the military merit book. After the soldiers retire, they can go outside the Great Wall to divide the land.

The people who were rewarded this time were soldiers in Wuzhai Fort and Ningwu Pass. The Wuzhai Fort army beheaded more than [-] ranks in the Korean War, and [-]% of them were willing to accept the land, which required nearly a million land mu.

This batch of land is not a small amount, but fortunately, there are many fertile fields in Hetao, amounting to tens of millions of mu, which is enough for Huang Laifu to appreciate.Even if there is not enough land in Hetao in the future, Huang Laifu can continue to develop towards the north and west, right?There is a lot of land in this world, Huang Laifu is not worried at all.

According to Huang Laifu's original calculation, if the people of Ming Dynasty leave their mouths, adult men can receive 200 mu of land, and adult women can receive 100 mu of land, which is slightly higher than the [-] mu of land granted per township in the early Tang Dynasty.

Among these lands, you only need to pay a land fee of one penny per mu, and you can own it for life. The total of 200 mu of land is only 20 taels of silver, and you can enjoy tax exemption for the first three years.This is so attractive. You must know that in the mainland of Daming, even an acre of land would cost at least a few taels of silver.

This is an ordinary citizen of Ming Dynasty. For the land rewarded by his army, Huang Laifu was also exempted from the land fee of one penny per mu, and he originally planned to exempt soldiers from the land tax in the future.

But then he thought about it, if he did this, the harm in the future would be too great, so Huang Laifu planned to only exempt them from five years of money and food, and in the future he would be the same as the people.

The reason why he did this is because Huang Laifu knew that in the agricultural society of ancient China, land annexation was not terrible. What was terrible was the existence of the privileged class who did not pay taxes. Often the country collapsed like this in the end.

Especially in the Ming Dynasty, it is an obvious example. Since the gentry of the Ming Dynasty were exempt from taxes, after the middle of the Ming Dynasty, self-cultivating farmers from all over the country became slaves one after another to exempt themselves from the fixed poll tax, corvee, etc. (Just look at Fan Jinzhongju ).Many people would rather hide under the wings of a big family and become serfs than so-called yeoman.

According to Huang Laifu's relevant knowledge, in the late Ming Dynasty, at least half of the peasants hid in this way, resulting in the population registered in the household department's yellow book and fish scale book not being as good as the population in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China.The result of this is that due to the concealment of land and population, the rich pay less taxes and the poor pay more taxes. Finally, a large number of self-cultivating farmers disappear. Finally, the country has no income and has to squeeze fewer and fewer self-cultivating farmers. The vast majority of self-cultivating farmers went bankrupt and became refugees. In the end, the world was in chaos and the dynasty perished.

As a precaution, Huang Laifu wanted to keep this place outside the Great Wall as his own territory in the future, and he also wanted to leave it for his descendants.In view of this, Huang Laifu absolutely does not allow any class that does not pay taxes to exist in the area.In the future, all places outside the Great Wall, no matter who they are, whether they are soldiers, civilians, or literati, will have to pay taxes, and they will also be charged according to the output value of the land, rather than the poll tax.

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After receiving the reward silver and the land certificate, the soldiers of Wuzhai Fort were all happy, and the soldiers of the local Ningwu Pass were also envious when they saw this situation.

And today, the news that Huang Laifu is openly planning to operate beyond the Great Wall has spread in Ningwu Pass, whether it is ordinary people or wealthy families, they are all talking about this matter.

On the afternoon of the second day of the lunar new year, Huang Laifu met with hundreds of merchants who were willing to operate outside the Great Wall in the General Army Mansion of Ningwuguan to discuss the matter of reclamation.

As early as the 20th year of Wanli, with the secret support of Huang Laifu, merchants from all over the world went to the outside of the Great Wall one after another, but they were still relatively low-key.Now, Huang Laifu decided to combine the military, political, commercial and civilian forces of Shanxi Town to reclaim beyond the Great Wall with great fanfare.

Right now, the goal of reclamation outside the Great Wall is temporarily the area around Qingshui River and Zhungeer Banner outside the side wall. Qingshui River has 60 mu of arable land and more than 100 million mu of natural grassland.Zhungeer Banner has 178 million mu of arable land and 800 million mu of suitable forest and grassland.After nearly two years of operation by merchants, some farmland has been reclaimed here, and some pastures have been opened up as livestock farms.

Up to now, the merchants have been operating smoothly in the two places. Even if some small Mongolian tribes came to harass them, they were easily repelled by the merchant guards.However, due to the shortage of local manpower, there are still a large number of land and pastures in the second place that have not been managed and are left empty.

The businessmen all hope that Huang Junmen can help them solve the manpower problem, and of course Huang Laifu also attaches great importance to this problem.In agricultural society, land annexation is a dead spot that cannot be eliminated, and it will never be cured.In the current Ming Dynasty, the land issue is hopeless, and there are refugees everywhere.Only by expanding abroad and transferring the population out can this problem be solved.

The third day of junior high school.

Huang Laifu published "Reclamation Matters" and asked local publishers in Ningwu to print countless copies of the list.Afterwards, it was brought to various places by various merchants, or posted in various military forts in Zhongzhou County, or sent to various tea houses and restaurants, or handed over to children to post in various streets and alleys to promote Huang Laifu's reclamation outside the Great Wall. matter.

After the news spread to various places, the entire Shanxi town was immediately stirred up, and it spread far to other towns and provinces.

Shanxi has a large population, little land, and most of them are barren. Coupled with the bad weather, disasters of various sizes occur almost every year, and there are refugees every year. I have always had the habit of immigrating, and I am not very attached to my homeland.

In addition, Huang Laifu's propaganda is too tempting. As long as it is a small mouth, you can get 200 mu of land outside the Great Wall, and the cost is only [-] yuan per mu of land, and you can also enjoy tax exemption for the first three years.You know, in Taiyuan and other places now, even going to the fields costs several taels of silver per mu of land.

For those who can't even afford a few taels of silver, they can first work in various farms run by merchants outside the Great Wall.Along the way, merchants are responsible for their travel expenses, board and lodging, and they will definitely not be cold and hungry.After arriving at the destination, not to mention food and lodging, there is also a monthly salary.If you save money in the future, you can also buy land outside the Great Wall, right?

In the past, the public had the impression that the outside of the Great Wall was a barren land, and the fierce Tartars were rampant. However, after listening to the leaflets issued by the Huang Junmen, they suddenly realized that the outside of the Great Wall is still such a paradise. As for the safety issue, With Huang Junmen's guarantee, what will happen?
Now, not to mention the refugees and the poor everywhere, even many normal families have moved their minds. For many families with a large population, the general family property can only be inherited by the eldest son, and the rest of the family can only fend for themselves.Now, many people are taking money and wanting to create their own foundation outside the Great Wall.Those wealthy families even sent their family members out of the fort one after another, especially Governor Yang of Ningwuguan and others.

From the sixth day of the lunar new year, as Huang Laifu's "reclamation matters" leaflets spread to various places one after another, all the counties in Shanxi Township were bustling with excitement, and the teahouses and restaurants were full of people discussing the matter in full swing.In every street, merchants recruit refugees to work on their farms.The sons of richer families packed their bags and were ready to go.

From November 21th in the [-]st year of Wanli, there was a huge flow of people on the road from Taiyuan to Ningwu, from Taiyuan to Kelanzhou, and from Wuzhaibao to Laoyingbao. , Regardless of the cold, they pushed their carts, drove their mules, picked up their children, and headed for the land beyond the Great Wall full of hope.

In the arrangement of Huang Laifu and others, those who work in the farms of the merchants outside the Great Wall are led by the merchants, and they are responsible for their safety.Those who were going to buy land outside the Great Wall had to be organized simply by the local army after passing through Wuzhai Fort.

Ten households of these people are organized into a Jia, and the ten Jia are organized into a Li. They all have a chief and a chief, and have certain armed personnel.Huang Laifu sold them some waist knives and long guns. Later, as the scale expanded, he also decided to sell muskets. After all, Beyond the Great Wall is someone else's territory, and danger exists.Reclamation personnel must have certain armed protection capabilities.

During the wave of immigration, according to the statistics of Huang Laifu and others, in just a few months, tens of thousands of people went to the outside of the Great Wall, providing a steady stream of labor for merchants on various farms.The huge flow of people also provides a lot of business opportunities for various places along the way.Along the way of migration, various hostels and inns appeared continuously, providing employment opportunities for many people.

Unlike the people in Shanxi who were in full swing, the cabinet officials in Daming lost their voices to Huang Laifu's big handwriting. Everyone watched all this dumbfounded and didn't know what to say.

Of course they knew that reclamation outside the Great Wall was good for Daming, but wouldn't this provoke border issues?It's just that this is Huang Laifu's business, and he is not afraid.Besides, Emperor Wanli acquiesced, so what else did they say?

Busy with immigration, busy with Ningwuguan affairs, busy with military affairs, among all kinds of busy things, time passed quickly, and soon, the time came to December 21th, the 1594st year of Wanli, February 2th, 19 AD.The New Year's Eve is here again.

This day is the Lunar New Year's Eve of the Ming Dynasty. Long before, Huang Laifu had recruited his concubines Liu Yumei, Qu Xiuhe and others from Wuzhaibao, as well as several of his own children, to Ningwuguan.Although Huang Sihao, Yang Shi and others were not around, everyone had a New Year's Eve dinner, changed door gods, pasted Spring Festival couplets, hung New Year pictures, hung stickers, pasted window grilles, ate dumplings, etc., and had a happy New Year together.

Without exception, Ma Jiuying's father-in-law also celebrated the New Year with Huang Laifu, and many of Huang Laifu's brothers-in-law and sisters also celebrated the New Year together.Everyone played until after the Lantern Festival on the 15th of the first lunar month before returning to normal work.

A new year begins!

(End of this chapter)