This is the most effective way to learn

Chapter 2 Why Do You Study——The Learning Outlook of Top Students (2)
Excellent, that is, a solid foundation.This is the central question of learning.Because no matter what kind of learning method, it must be conducive to making one's foundation solid, conducive to cultivating one's good habits and abilities at a higher level, and conducive to enhancing one's interest in learning and self-confidence.This is the fundamental basis for top students to judge whether the learning method is beneficial to them.And the core is a solid foundation.

A solid foundation can make your grades stable, a solid foundation can make you face every test without fear, a solid foundation can ensure both the speed and quality of the questions, and a solid foundation can make... It has many, many benefits.It is even more difficult to do.

"If you want to learn poetry, your kung fu is outside poetry." This is the learning secret that the great poet Lu You told his children.Therefore, when learning, you must understand the importance of the foundation.The first thing a person who is good at learning is to start from the basic knowledge.

Practice makes perfect, thick accumulation, this is a learning method for thousands of years.There is no foreshadowing in the article, how can there be a magic pen?The workers are not proficient, how can there be skills?Without a foundation, how can we innovate?Only on the premise of being familiar with the tradition and the basics can there be great and insightful innovations; only on the basis of being familiar with textbooks and exercises can it be possible to learn well and realize the beauty of knowledge and the magic of logic.

Top students can take the initiative to learn the advantages of others.

There is such a joke:
A doctoral bear is assigned to a nature research institute and becomes the most educated in the institute.

There is a small pond in the institute, and Dr. Xiong went fishing there on the first weekend, and it happened that both the director and deputy director were there.

He just nodded. There is nothing to chat with these two undergraduates!

After a while, the director put down the fishing rod, yawned, skimmed across the water, and went straight to the toilet on the opposite side.

Doctor Xiong's glasses almost fell off.Floating on the water?No way?The legendary mysterious martial arts appeared here! .

When the director came back, he also floated back from the water slowly.

what happened?Dr. Xiong swallowed his saliva, embarrassed to ask.

After a while, the deputy director also stood up, took a few steps, and also floated across the water to the toilet.Now Dr. Xiong almost fainted: No way, this place is really a place where dragons and tigers are hidden?

Dr. Xiong is also anxious.There are walls on both sides of this pond, and it takes a 10-minute detour to get to the toilet on the opposite side. Besides, how can my doctoral students not pass the water that undergraduate students can pass?

Without further ado, Dr. Xiong got up and stepped into the water.There was a loud splash, and Dr. Bear fell into the water.

The two directors took a long time to pull Dr. Xiong out. Dr. Xiong blushed, arched his hands, and said: Please don't hesitate to teach me the unique skill of "floating on water".

The directors of the two institutes looked at each other and laughed: "Where is there such a thing as 'floating on the water'? It's just that there were originally two rows of wooden stakes on this pond. It has been submerged under the water surface due to the rain these days. We all know that the wooden stakes The location, so you can step on the stakes. Why don't you ask?"

Some students are like Dr. Xiong in the joke. When they see that their skills are not as good as others, they don't ask for clarification and learn their skills.

Confucius told everyone: "Threesomes must have my teacher." Everyone has their own advantages. Some advantages are not available to you. You have to learn to learn. Top students understand this very well. They know Others are always better than themselves. If you want to follow others and surpass them in the end, you must have a learning attitude that is not ashamed to ask and a persistent learning spirit.

"If others do something they don't do, you should think about it. Is it good for me? Is this the secret of his success?" This is the main way for top students to learn from others.

So, for you, don't deliberately avoid talking to people with better grades than yourself. They have many things that you don't have.Should learn from them.When necessary, be thick-skinned, ask more people who are better than yourself, and discuss some learning methods.These people are often the ones who can help you the most, and their unintentional words may make you suddenly enlightened, which is impossible to say.

People with lower grades than you may not be worse than you in every way, and there are things you can learn from among them. You must distinguish what is the reason why they are not as good as you, and don't learn.And extract the essence of them.

Wang Xizhi once gathered the strengths of many families to change the ancient style to the fullest, and was revered as the sage of calligraphy by the world. "Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals" once gathered the thoughts of various schools of thought to become a rare book with a single word worth a thousand dollars.Han Feizi also gathered various cultural thoughts and became a famous thinker.Confucius traveled all over the world, used all the knowledge he learned, and became a sage who has been recited from generation to generation.They are all masters in their field.Inventors and creators have not left their names, and only those who have gathered those inventions and creations that have created huge value are successful people.We also need to learn all the learning methods and use them for us so that we can make a qualitative leap in our grades.

Top students don't think they are stupid, but that they don't work hard enough.

A black kid guards the oak barrels in his father's winery.Every morning, he wipes the barrels clean with a rag, and then arranges them neatly in rows.What makes him angry is: often overnight, the wind blows his neatly arranged wooden barrels to and fro.

The little boy cried aggrievedly.The father touched the boy's head and said, "Son, don't be sad, we can find a way to conquer the wind."

So the little boy wiped away his tears and sat by the barrel, thinking and thinking. After thinking for a long time, he finally came up with a solution. He went to the well to pick buckets of clean water, and then poured them into those empty oak barrels. , Then he went home anxiously and went to sleep.

The next day, just after dawn, the little boy got up in a hurry. He ran to the place where the barrels were placed and saw that the oak barrels were neatly arranged one by one. Blow crookedly.The little boy smiled happily, and he said to his father: "If you want the barrel not to be blown down by the wind, you must increase the weight of the barrel itself." The boy's father smiled approvingly.

We may not be able to change the wind, many things in this world and society, they are all external factors and uncontrollable factors.But we can change ourselves, change our views on ourselves, change our demands on ourselves, and change the direction and extent of our efforts.

This change is based on a correct perception of events.

Those who fail in learning often attribute their failure to their own stupid brains and poor intelligence.This kind of view makes them feel that their abilities are limited, and they can only reach that level. It makes no difference whether they work hard or not. They gradually become discouraged, lack persistence in learning tasks, especially in the face of difficulties, and lose self-confidence.Over time, they may be in a backward state, but also feel at ease and be content with the status quo.They are content with the misunderstanding of ingenuity.Unwilling to seriously think about how to change the status quo and how to strive for the top.

In contrast, top students attribute their academic achievements to their own hard work.This correct attribution makes the top students more and more confident, stimulates their interest and motivation in learning, works harder, achieves more results, and enters a virtuous circle.

In terms of psychological attribution theory, the reasons for learning success or failure can be attributed to external reasons and internal reasons. External attribution factors include opportunities, family, parents, teaching materials, teachers and other objective conditions; internal attribution The influencing factors of the cause include subjective conditions such as ability, effort, strategy choice, emotion, motivation, personality and psychological state.Attribution can also be divided into stable attribution and unstable attribution.Stable attribution refers to attributing the factors that lead to success or failure to relatively constant and uncontrollable factors, such as internal ability, temperament, external family and environmental conditions, and knowledge difficulty.Unstable attributions attribute success or failure to variable and controllable factors, such as internal efforts, strategic choices, emotional and psychological states, and external opportunities.

Generally speaking, learning the correct attribution is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the reasons for success or failure, clarify the actual effects of internal and external factors, summarize the real reasons for success or failure, and take correct countermeasures on this basis to achieve success instead of One-sidedly attribute it to external causes or one-sidedly emphasize internal causes, and even produce excuses, which is not conducive to overcoming setbacks and leading to failure.

People who attribute their success to their own ability and hard work can develop a higher sense of self-esteem and pride than those who attribute their success to others (such as the difficulty of the task, the quality of luck, whether there is help from others, etc.), And they tend to form higher achievement motivation and make greater efforts.However, people who often attribute the results of activities to chance, luck, or unstable external factors will make them unwilling to pay too much energy and make greater efforts in learning as time goes by. motivation will gradually weaken.Even being successful in an activity does not make them feel proud, strengthens their motivation to achieve, or increases their level of effort. This is more at will than ability and other personality traits.

It seems that the difference between you and the top student is only that you and he attribute the results differently, and there is no difference in your intelligence.Therefore, you must not underestimate yourself, and do not overestimate the talents of others, do not lose confidence, and do not demean yourself.Insist that you can do it, he can do it, and I can do it too.Give full play to your wisdom and potential, discover your personal expertise, and persevere, you will surely achieve success.

Top students don't quit in the face of difficulties.

As a child, Newton felt that the most difficult subject to learn was physics because he didn't like it.Once he made a beloved toy, but it was destroyed by a few good students, because they thought Newton was a student who failed in physics, and it was impossible for him to make a toy that conformed to the principles of physics.Facing the destroyed toy, Newton also admitted that he could not tell the physical principle of the toy.Later, Newton, as the founder of modern physics, said this to everyone: "If you ask a great man how to succeed, he will tell you, 'If you fall down, get up.' This is the key to success."

In learning, don’t give up easily, especially when encountering difficulties and failures. Some people shrink back when they encounter difficulties, and top students don’t. They dare to face difficulties, meet challenges, work tirelessly and create miracles.Continuously experience fun from learning and realize self-transcendence.

Soichiro Honda, who created "World Honda", once said: "Failure is not terrible. The most terrible thing is to do nothing because you are afraid of failure."

Words such as "forget it" can only be used as a way to vent. Some people "finalize" themselves after failing a few exams, then they don't deserve the chance to succeed again.Difficulties and failures are not terrible, what is terrible is being disappointed with yourself.All great men are men who never disappoint themselves.

In the face of difficulties and failures, the top students insist on the belief of "doing it again".Even in the most depressing moment, don't forget to say to yourself: "Let me do it again."

The top students have a happy learning attitude, and they maintain a cheerful state of mind. Even when they encounter unsatisfactory situations, they will never blame others or completely deny themselves.

Many seemingly accidental things actually contain a lot of necessity.Top students dare to admit mistakes and face them directly.They face up to mistakes, carefully analyze the causes of mistakes, find out countermeasures, and avoid making mistakes again.For some mistakes that are really unavoidable, they will not blame themselves too much. If the problems beyond their own capabilities cannot be solved after several efforts, they will let him go, and do not deny themselves because of this trivial matter.

But some people don’t do this, they can’t look at the problem comprehensively, they can only fall into a vicious circle, and eventually lead to fear of everything, dare not try anything, worry about everything, have no courage to overcome difficulties, and are trapped in worry all day long until they can’t extricate themselves .

In fact, any new subject, "beginning" is the hardest.Therefore, at the beginning of learning a course, you must learn to endure difficulties. Once you pass the initial stage of learning, no matter how difficult the subsequent knowledge is, it will only be a quantitative change, not a qualitative leap. This is what "entering the room" means.

In addition, there are inherent differences between people in understanding new problems and new knowledge. Some people understand faster, some people slower, but after a period of accumulation, the latter's understanding of knowledge Often also deeper.Therefore, the incompatibility at the beginning of the learning stage will gradually disappear with the passage of time after continuous efforts.Difficulties encountered will also be solved in future studies. Therefore, you don’t have to give up as soon as you encounter difficulties. Top students don’t give up lightly. Their spirit of facing difficulties is something you need to learn urgently.

Top students are meticulous in their study.

In 1962, the United States launched a "Voyager 44" spacecraft to Venus.According to predictions, 9800 minutes after the spacecraft takes off, 80 solar devices will automatically start working; 100 days later, the computer will complete the correction of the navigation; 4 days later, the spacecraft will be able to sail around Venus and start taking pictures.However, unexpectedly, the spacecraft fell into the Atlantic Ocean less than 1000 minutes after take-off.What is the reason?Later, after a detailed investigation, it was found that when inputting the data into the computer, a negative sign in front of the data was omitted, which turned the negative number into a positive number, which affected the entire calculation result and failed the spaceship project.A small negative sign actually caused NASA to waste [-] million US dollars, a lot of manpower and time.

(End of this chapter)