This is the most effective way to learn

Chapter 20 Are you afraid of English? ——English learning method for top students (1)
English is an international language, it is a window that can open a wider world to you.There are no shortcuts in learning any language.That is to say, you have to work hard no matter what you learn, and you must work hard in a down-to-earth manner.There is no difference between learning a language sooner or later, as long as you work hard and use the right method, you will become an outstanding talent.

But there is no shortcut to English learning, but there are tricks.A trick is a good way to solve a problem.The trick to learning English is to create an environment and insist on studying for a certain amount of time every day, because it is a subject with strong practicality.

reverse learning method of english

The reverse method of English is to listen to the recording first, then write down the sentences you heard, then learn their pronunciation and read English and recite them, and finally summarize your own learning.This is the opposite of the traditional procedure for learning English, so it is called the reverse method.

The reverse method is a learning method of "taking the roundabout way".It is a bit contrary to normal thinking. When you first start reverse learning, you may encounter more difficulties. The short-term real-time results may not be as "immediate" as "positive learning", but it can receive what "positive learning" cannot achieve. to the effect.

The specific practice of reverse learning includes five steps of "listening, writing, speaking, reciting, and thinking".Beginners with low English proficiency can listen to English recordings without written materials. It is very difficult for beginners to understand them word by word. The specific methods are as follows:
write what you hear

First listen to a certain recording from beginning to end several times, and if you don't understand it, you have to listen to it.First understand the general idea, separate paragraphs and sentences, and then listen to it repeatedly in units of one sentence.Find out how many words a sentence consists of, what role each word plays in the sentence, which words are the subject, predicate, and object, etc.Every time you listen to it, write the words you understand one by one on the paper in order, and arrange them into sentences, and leave the words you don't understand first blank.For people with low English listening ability, there are a lot of places that they don't understand at the beginning. Sometimes, I am afraid that even I can't tell how many places I don't understand.In this case, only by writing out the words that you understand can you find out how many words you don't understand.

For the new words you encounter, you must hear that you can read them correctly by imitating the recording, and you can accurately grasp the pronunciation of each syllable.Because only by accurately grasping the pronunciation of each syllable and reading it out, it is possible to try to spell some words based on grammar and phonetic knowledge, and look them up in the dictionary.Since the correct answer often needs to be repeated many times to find, so when dictating, "write one line and two blank lines", leaving sufficient room for repeated revisions.In order to correct incorrect spellings, look up the dictionary when you have any doubts when "writing", and use colored pens to mark new words and wrong spellings.

For words that cannot be dictated, don't talk about "words" in terms of "words". Stop the tape recorder as soon as you can't dictate, and stop dictating.You should continue to dictate, and put the words that cannot be dictated into the overall content of the article to understand.There is often such a situation that it is difficult to understand a word in isolation, but if it is connected with the whole sentence or the whole message to understand, the thinking will be broadened, and often you will know what part of speech is and how to spell it .

Sometimes the same new word appears in multiple places in the recording, and one part is unclear or incomprehensible. You can play it first to see if you can get inspiration from other places.Because maybe the recording elsewhere is very clear, or you can understand it when it is paired with other words.During the dictation process, the words that are not sure should be "written" first, and then checked and corrected in the continuous dictation process.When the same news is broadcast by different announcers at different times, it is helpful to understand the pronunciation of some difficult words because of the difference in the intonation of each announcer.

The two steps of "listening" and "writing" are not completely separated. For beginners with low English proficiency, the dictation of a recording can not be completed at one time, but after many times of "listening" and "writing". "Promote each other, inspire each other, and move forward alternately to finally complete it.

From the perspective of learning English, beginners must listen and write at the same time at the initial stage. If they only listen but not write, there may be the following two situations.One is that some incomprehensible words are missed, and the opportunity to learn and improve is lost; the other is that when there are incomprehensible words, if you only listen but not write, often you may still not understand no matter how many times you listen. , but if you write down the part you understand on paper, connect the content before and after, and listen to it after thinking about it, you may understand some other content, and repeat this until you understand everything.

Words that cannot be inferred from the pronunciation due to severe noise interference can be supplemented according to grammar. Just assume that you are the author of this news, and what words should be used where you can’t hear clearly.Maybe the words filled in are incorrect, but it is better than leaving them blank, and as the time spent listening to the recording increases and the level of English improves, it is possible to discover and correct it by myself.

In the process of learning, it is a normal thinking phenomenon for people to understand things by using the existing knowledge in their minds to reason, and it is difficult to completely avoid it in the process of dictating English recordings.However, for beginners with low English proficiency, in order to really improve their English, try not to speculate on professional knowledge to understand the meaning of English, but to take the initiative to dictate more English recordings that have nothing to do with their major, and do not use a single word. Dictate it all.Doing so at a certain stage can greatly improve the ability to find new words from the dictionary based on pronunciation and understand the content of the article directly from English itself. The effect is much better than listening to English recordings related to your major.This situation is very similar to the reverse performance of opera actors. Actors who sing painted faces have to deliberately learn to sing Tsing Yi, the opposite, in order to exercise their overall performance ability.In this regard, we have to learn from professional translators.The content they translate is varied. Today’s major is tomorrow’s major. It’s impossible to understand all the professional content to be translated, and sometimes they even rush into battle.However, due to their solid basic English skills, they can translate quickly as long as they temporarily "surprise" some relevant professional terms.

can say, want to achieve, can recite
After dictating the whole article, you must learn to "speak".The method is: listen to a sentence from the speaker, and learn to say it yourself.When learning "speaking", try to use a repeater that can continuously repeat a piece of recording content, determine the length of time to learn "speaking" according to your own level, and try to "speak" a complete sentence.

The process of learning "speaking" can be divided into two steps: the first step is "compare reading", that is, record the pronunciation of "speaking" that you have learned, and compare it with the standard pronunciation on the tape to see what is different from it. Keep repeating until you can imitate and speak roughly the correct voice; the second step is to "speak" synchronously with the voice on the tape.

After learning to "speak", it is time to "recite".Read a dictation record of a recording over and over again aloud, reaching the level of basic recitation. "Memorizing" has a great effect on improving listening: for example, slow English news broadcasts have certain formats and sentence patterns. It is easy to understand new content, and sometimes it can even surpass the voice of the speaker. After listening to the first few words in a sentence, you can say some of the following words in advance, or after listening to the previous sentence, you can say the next sentence in advance .At this point, the tension in dictation is reduced, or basically eliminated.Once the mood is relaxed, the level can be displayed, and what should be understood can be understood.

Be a caring person, "thinking" in the whole process

If the previous four learning links of "listening, writing, speaking, and reciting" highlight the spirit of "hard work", then the "thinking" link mainly talks about how to "work smart" on the basis of "hard work", that is, It is required to be a "caring person" throughout the learning process and be good at using your brain. The content of "thinking" has the following three aspects:
First of all, think about whether the learning progress is appropriate, whether the acquired knowledge is solid, and whether the learning requirements proposed in this book have been met.As mentioned earlier, since the learning progress is controlled by oneself, the learning progress will be accelerated unconsciously.Because there is no objective assessment, even if you don't learn deeply, you still think you have learned well.Therefore, throughout the learning process, especially in the foundation stage, you should always tell yourself "slower, slower, slower", and always check whether the acquired knowledge is solid.If you are not solid, resolutely relearn.

The second is to summarize and summarize the experience and lessons in learning methods.Just like learning any other knowledge, only those who often summarize and summarize can learn quickly and well.Everyone is in a different environment, and the difficulties encountered at different stages of the learning process are different, so the experiences and lessons gained are also different, and should be summarized and summarized in a timely manner.The experience and lessons summarized and summarized by myself are suitable for my own situation and used to guide my own learning. The effect is particularly good, and I can get twice the result with half the effort.Furthermore, the experience and lessons summarized and summarized by myself may also be of reference value to others.Viewed in isolation, every specific experience and lesson is small, unsystematic, and of little value.But with more accumulation, quantitative changes lead to qualitative changes, which may become a systematic, valuable, and innovative method.

The last is to summarize and summarize the learned English knowledge to make it systematized and memorized deeply.For example, every time you learn a word or some grammar knowledge, you should think about it carefully, and summarize it well after a period of time.One of the main contents of induction and summary is to analyze all kinds of mistakes in the process of dictation.Practice has proved that learning by analyzing your own mistakes is particularly effective.For example, some content cannot be dictated, some dictation is wrong, and some are understood but not written equally. It is necessary to analyze the reasons and find ways to avoid them.Let’s take words as an example. If you don’t know the words in dictation, the words you try to spell out many times are not in the dictionary, or although they are in the dictionary, they are not the answers you want. Finally, you can find the real answer through other means. The answer is to sum up well why the words I tried to spell many times were wrong, whether I did not accurately grasp the speaker's pronunciation, or my pronunciation knowledge is not high, or I encountered some special pronunciation.Every time you learn a new word, you should compare it with the words you have already mastered in terms of spelling, pronunciation, and interpretation to find out the similarities and differences, so as to form a "connected memory".Pay attention to words with distinctive pronunciation and spelling, and see if you can find the trick of remembering them.The same is true for grammar. If you can’t understand or understand wrongly, you should look for a grammar book to find out what the correct understanding should be, why you can’t understand it, or where your understanding is wrong, etc.

The advantage of reverse learning English

During the practice of the reverse learning method, some top students use the five methods of "listening, writing, speaking, memorizing, and thinking" simultaneously, so that the potential of the brain can be fully exerted, which has many advantages:

① It can force learners to concentrate their attention and fully mobilize their subjective initiative and enthusiasm for learning.

Using the reverse method to learn, there is no ready-made written textbook, but the learning content is based on audio tapes, and the tape recorder and various dictionaries are used as the first teacher. Dictionary) constraints, synchronized with it.The tape recorder keeps turning, and the sound released is continuous, forcing the listener to concentrate, and if there is a slight negligence, they have to start all over again.It is indeed a good method for people who have difficulty concentrating on themselves.

With the method of dictation, learners write a textbook word by word through their own hard work.Since the learner is the active "creator" of the textbook, he will have a strong sense of participation and can fully mobilize the learner's subjective initiative and enthusiasm for learning.

② Integrate the learning of various English knowledge and the training of abilities.The five methods of "listening, writing, speaking, memorizing, and thinking" of the reverse method are simultaneously developed, which is a much more difficult learning method than the usual positive learning.It integrates the learning and application of pronunciation, intonation and sense of language, the meaning and spelling of words, sentence patterns, grammar and other knowledge.In the process of repeated listening, I unconsciously mastered the pronunciation, stress, and intonation of the word; in the process of constantly guessing and looking up the dictionary, I unconsciously learned a lot of pronunciation rules and firmly remembered the guesswork. The words that come out; the relatively simple texts can be memorized when they are basically written correctly; they are also very familiar with various commonly used sentence patterns; The English way of thinking directly accepts English and so on.

③I am deeply impressed by the English knowledge I have learned, so remember it quickly.

One of the most troublesome problems that many people feel in the process of learning English is that they cannot remember new words.Scientists who study memory point out that memorizing English words cannot be completely memorized by rote, but by the five methods of "listening, speaking, writing, memorizing, and thinking" simultaneously, and the synchronous actions of ears, mouth, hands, and brain.In doing so, the visual, auditory and oral muscles, as well as hand muscle movements, will have a deep impression on the brain.Recent brain science research shows that people use different parts of the brain when listening, writing (there is also a process of "seeing" while writing), thinking and speaking.Therefore, the reverse method "listening, speaking, writing, reciting, and thinking" is carried out simultaneously, and the ears, mouth, hands, and brain are activated simultaneously.

④Greatly improve the proficiency of English.

When dictating, write out the words and sentences that you think you understand. The sentence structure must conform to the grammar, and the spelling of each word must be accurate. If you are not sure, check grammar books and dictionaries frequently to correct inaccurate grammar knowledge and word spelling.Continuously "listening, writing, speaking, memorizing, and thinking" various words and sentence patterns can not only fix the original "dangling" English knowledge, get rid of the "fake" ones, but also form a sound in the brain. As long as you hear the pronunciation of a word, the image of the word will immediately appear in your mind, and vice versa, as long as you see the image of a word, the sound of the word will immediately ring in your ears.At this level, it means that your English proficiency has been greatly improved.

⑤ To a certain extent, it can also exercise the ability to "speak" English.

Although listening to the recording is one-way, but because a "speaking" link is added on the basis of dictation, the ability to "speak" English can also be exercised to a certain extent.At least it can achieve what the saying goes, "the tongue is not hard".Persist in "listening, speaking, and memorizing" English, and when you are proficient to a certain extent, you will unknowingly say some sentences from your own mouth when talking with foreigners.It is really "familiar with [-] Tang poems, and can chant even if you can't write poems", and it conforms to English grammar.Since the vocabulary used in daily conversation is very different from that used in English for science and technology, the "speaking" introduced here cannot replace the training of oral English. People who want to learn daily English conversation must still learn English conversation books.

The reverse learning method has many advantages, but the key to success lies in the individual.It requires us to learn skillfully on the basis of painstaking study, and we must pay hard work.Secondly, when learning various methods introduced by others, you must use them flexibly in light of your own situation, and don't apply them mechanically.It takes a process to turn the various methods introduced by others into your own.After reading the learning methods introduced above several times, it seems that I understand it, but it is not necessarily so.Because "we can't understand it immediately, only when we understand it can we feel it more deeply". (Mao Zedong: "On Practice"), only through continuous practice can one grasp the essentials of various methods step by step.Finally, while learning the various methods introduced by others, don't be too superstitious about these methods, and be limited by these methods to your own subjective initiative and creativity.As long as you combine your own situation while learning various methods, think hard, and constantly summarize, you can not only learn the spiritual essence of these methods, but also sum up your own unique learning methods. method is the most effective.

broadcast learning english law

Although there are many ways and means of learning English, the vast majority of people who learn English suffer from the lack of an authentic, real and three-dimensional learning environment.Using the radio to learn English can just make up for this deficiency and greatly improve the efficiency and level of English learning.Because using radio to learn English has the following advantages:
①The language is authentic and accurate.

The language used in the English broadcast programs on the radio is relatively standard and authentic, especially radio stations such as BBC, VOA, Radio Australia, and China Radio International can provide us with very authentic examples of English language.

② Strong timeliness.

Because of its own characteristics, English radio programs have strong timeliness.Therefore, both the content and the language we hear are often very fresh and contemporary, which can make up for the major shortage of outdated learning materials.

③ Large amount of information, selective and open.

English broadcast programs have a large amount of information and rich content, involving politics, economy, military, culture, sports, life, entertainment and other aspects of knowledge and information closely related to study, work and life.

At the same time, English broadcasting is also highly selective and open.We can choose to listen to different radio stations and different program content according to our own ability and needs, such as English introduction, English news, special lectures, etc.

(End of this chapter)