This is the most effective way to learn

Chapter 6 Previewing is not as simple and excellent as you think——Preparation method for top students (1)
The ancient military strategist Sun Tzu has a famous saying: "Know yourself and the enemy, and you will never be imperiled in a hundred battles." This means that only when you have a full understanding of yourself and your opponent can you be fully prepared and able to defeat the enemy.The preview is the preparation for "knowing yourself and the enemy", just like the gunshots in a race.Although the running rules do not allow jumping, there is no such regulation in learning. Not only is jumping allowed, but it is also encouraged.To do a good job in preview study is to get ahead of time and make learning change from passive to active.

The preview helps top students improve themselves in five aspects.

What does preview bring to top students?The biggest benefit is to help form a virtuous circle of learning.The preview makes the students become active, and those who stand in the active attacking position are of course easy to win the battle.A student from Peking University said that the preview is a "reasonable" preemption. If you "preemptively" lead at the beginning and win the initiative, of course it is easy to win.

Preliminary study allows top students to benefit in five ways:
First, previewing can help top students develop self-learning ability and independent thinking ability.

Because the preview is to accept new knowledge independently, you need to read and think independently, which requires strong logical thinking ability.When reading textbooks, only through independent thinking can you clarify your thinking, grasp the key points, and solve difficulties.When previewing something that I didn’t understand, I will be driven by curiosity to pay extra attention when listening to the class. Once I understand it, my mind suddenly becomes clear, and the impression is particularly deep, which can be remembered for a long time. Sometimes I preview the content that I think I have understood. When listening to the class, you will find that you have not fully understood it, which leads to further thinking, and even discovers new problems that you do not understand. This is very effective for deepening learning and improving understanding.

The cultivation of self-learning ability is a life-long benefit.A person only spends about one-fifth of his life studying in school. Before school age and after adulthood, he mainly relies on self-study. Without the ability of self-study, he will not acquire more useful knowledge in the future.The knowledge I have learned and the reality of my own work are often not up to the mark.Self-study is actually a preview of the whole book.

Preview is the first time for learners to come into contact with new knowledge alone. They have to read, think by themselves, discover problems by themselves, and try to solve them by themselves.Practice has proved that some students who can persist in previewing for a long time will have a great improvement in their independent reading ability and thinking ability, which is reflected in their fast reading speed, quick thinking, good analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, abstraction Very good at associating and imagining.They can quickly discover problems and grasp the essence of the problem, and gain true knowledge through hard work. Once this self-learning ability to acquire knowledge independently is formed, it will greatly improve the quality of learning, which will be of great benefit to future study and work. In fact, people should Live to be old, learn to be old, but most of the time of learning in one's life is without the guidance of a teacher. Therefore, cultivating and exercising one's self-learning ability and forming the habit of self-study is the best way to learn in one's life.

Second, previewing allows top students to directly improve efficiency.

The pre-class preview can find loopholes in your knowledge.By reviewing the relevant old knowledge, the loopholes are made up, so that the knowledge barriers are removed, so that you can quickly concentrate on the new knowledge when you are listening to the class.This will save you from looking through the book again.Save a lot of time in class.

Third, preview can open up ideas.

After previewing, I already have a good idea, and it is easy to keep up with the teacher's train of thought, and even go ahead of the teacher's train of thought.To keep up with the teacher's train of thought, you have to use your brain and ask yourself a few more "why".When you talk about a new concept, think about how it was established.What are the concepts related to it; when it comes to theorems, just think about how it was derived, what is the scope of application, and so on.Sometimes the preview is better and you are more familiar with the knowledge you are talking about, so you can go to the front of the teacher's train of thought, think about what he will say next, and then compare it while continuing to listen to the lecture.

Because the train of thought is developed well, the efficiency of listening to lectures will be improved, and the homework assigned by the teacher can be completed smoothly, so that the free time will be increased, and the learning will be active.

Fourth, previewing can improve the level of note-taking.

Most of what the teacher said is in the books. Since I have done the preview, I know what is in the book and what is not, so I can take notes selectively.Or use a pen to mark and mark the key points in the book, or write down a brief outline, and spend a lot of time thinking.Doing this is much better than spending a lot of time burying your head in notes.

Fifth, preview can enhance the memory effect.

During the pre-study, regardless of the knowledge that can be understood or the knowledge that cannot be understood, I have undergone independent thinking and have a preliminary impression. Coupled with the explanation and analysis of the teacher in class and my own further study, the understanding is more profound.Knowledge that has been understood is easy to remember, especially knowledge that has been conquered through hard work is easier to remember.In addition, previewing strengthens the connection between old and new knowledge, making the old and new knowledge form a logical knowledge system, which is also helpful for memory.

As a student who is seeking scriptures in the mountains of books and learning to seek boats at sea, the preview is simply a bowl of perfect tonic soup that can get twice the result with half the effort.You can discover and ask questions in advance from the preview, from which you can also comprehend some key points of knowledge in the book, which is also beneficial to your learning effect.

Top students control what is previewed.

Previewing is a neat thing. Doing it well can help you improve your academic performance. However, there are many lessons every day in school. If you preview every subject, there will definitely be contradictions such as insufficient time and difficult to guarantee the quality of previewing.So which subjects need to be previewed, the problem of choosing the preview subjects must be solved before previewing, the key to solving this problem is to choose the courses to preview according to your actual situation.

Prepare for difficult lessons.

Yu Zheng graduated from junior high school at the age of 13 and was admitted to the junior class of the University of Science and Technology of China. At the age of 16, he was admitted as a graduate student in physics in the United States with a national No.2 score, and later received a doctorate in science.

Yu Zheng mainly chooses two methods: timely preview and semester preview.During winter and summer vacations, Xiao always thinks about which new courses to take next semester, and then chooses one for preview.One winter vacation, when he chose to preview the subjects, he found that several new courses had been opened, including "Special Functions", "Quantum Mechanics" and so on.He heard that these two courses are very important, but the winter vacation is short, so he can only choose one preview, which one should he choose?Less than think about it.Yu Zheng compared the contents of the two courses "Special Functions" and "Quantum Mechanics", and found that "Special Functions" has a lot of content and must be memorized, while "Quantum Mechanics" has many concepts and mainly depends on understanding.And my comprehension is strong, memory is weak.Looking at the class schedule again, the class hours of "Special Functions" are all arranged in the second half of the semester.According to my own experience, the study efficiency is relatively high in the first half of a semester, and the study time is generally tight in the second half of the semester. In addition, facing exams, all subjects require energy.After the comparison, Yu Zheng decided to use the winter vacation to preview "Special Functions".

According to the characteristics of the course itself and the teaching schedule of the course, Yu Zheng chose "Special Functions" as the focus of preview.Facts have proved that Yu Zheng's choice is correct.Since I previewed "Special Functions" in advance and did some exercises, I didn't feel difficult about complex derivations during the lecture, and I didn't need to spend a lot of time reviewing after class.After the difficulty is overcome, not only can I learn "Special Functions" better, but also the energy and time for studying other courses are guaranteed.

Study weak subjects.

The preview is mainly to familiarize yourself with the content to be learned. During the teacher's teaching process, you can learn some things that you don't understand in a targeted manner, so as to effectively solve problems in class.Therefore, the purpose of the preview is to understand the basic content of this lesson, including what is the main content, what new knowledge points are there, what knowledge needs to be consolidated, what content can be extended through this lesson, and so on.

Since the preview time is generally arranged in the remaining time after finishing the day's homework, in this precious remaining time, it is very important how to allocate time reasonably and make the most of the limited time.Top students will focus on the subjects they are relatively weak in preview, and reduce the preview as appropriate for the subjects they are good at.Because the purpose of the preview is to achieve a higher goal, if you spend a certain amount of time, but the performance of a subject that you are good at is not significantly improved, you should shorten the preview time accordingly, and use the time for weaker, more effective subjects. Obvious subjects, which is conducive to the improvement of the overall learning level.

Top students will control the preview time.

Wang Wei is a third-year junior high school student.In the summer vacation of the second year of junior high school, Wang Wei learned from the experience of a top student in the class. During the summer vacation, he previewed the class of the semester. After the semester started, he would definitely be able to learn that class well.Xiao Wang tried it, and used the summer vacation to look at the geometry he was going to study next semester.Sure enough, the geometry course was always at the top of the class that semester.

Xiao Wang tasted the sweetness and talked about the benefits of previewing to everyone.He himself is almost to the point of superstitious preview.

After the start of the second semester of the second year of junior high school, Xiao Wang took out the old method, concentrating all his spare time on previewing the new physics class and rushing forward desperately.As a result, the study plan was disrupted, not only did not study well in physics, but also affected the study of other courses.Not even time to do homework.There is a downward trend in academic performance in all subjects.

Wang Wei learned the first thing from the top students, but not the second. He learned the method of semester preview, but he didn't learn that the arrangements for preview at different times are different.

The preview can be divided into the following three methods according to the time:

One is to preview in time.

Before the teacher lectures, self-study the new lessons that the teacher will teach.

The second is stage preview.

This stage is usually a week.It is to use a relatively complete time to self-study the new lesson content of one or several chapters to be covered in the next stage.

The third is semester preview.

Take advantage of the vacation to self-study all the content of the courses taught in the new semester.

Wang Wei used the vacation to succeed in geometry preview because the preview method and time were well matched.After the school term started, normal teaching activities have started. Classes are held in the morning and afternoon every day, and there are homework for each course. The semester preview method of concentrated time is still used to preview physics, which will inevitably affect the overall study.Therefore, the preview method used by top students after school starts is usually to preview in time.The highlight of timely preview is practicality, as much as the teacher talks, you can preview as much as possible.In this way, the preview content is less, and the time spent should not be too much. Generally, one or two hours is enough.

(End of this chapter)