Interpretation of Lao Tzu's Tao Te Ching

Chapter 10

[Holding and gaining is not as good as it is. 】

Yan Kejun said: "It's not as good as it is", and each of the works is "not as good as it is", and the ancient characters are familiar.

The case of modesty: Shen Tugang's countermeasure in the later Han Dynasty said: "The precept of holding full is what Lao Shi is careful about." "Holding full" means "holding surplus".Shiji Yueshu: "When full but not damaged, it will overflow, and if it is full but not held, it will fall."Xunzi Youzuo: "Confucius observed in the temple of Duke Huan of Lu, there is a scorpion. His disciples poured water and poured it. It was centered and upright, full and overwhelmed, and empty and swayed. Confucius sighed and said: 'Wow! There is fullness in evil. Those who don’t overturn it!’” According to this, you are afraid of the easy overflow of its surplus, and it is not as good as it already is.Yan Junping wrote "Cultivate and prosper", Chen Bixu said: "It means accumulating its treasures." Qian's case: This covers the following text "A room full of gold and jade, no one can keep it", and mistakenly changed the above text.

[Put it in and sharpen it, it cannot be guaranteed for a long time. 】

Yan Kejun said: "Errui", Wang Bi wrote "Erke"; "Changbao", Xingzhou originally wrote "Changbao".

Qianzhi's case: "Take it out and sharpen it", Fu Ben wrote it as "mouth it and squeeze it", and Gao Sui wrote it as "mouth it and sharpen it".

Bi Yuan said: There is no word "口" in Shuowen Jiezi.Yiben only has a sound and meaning under this sentence: "口音节, which means quantity."Zuo Zhuan called "Tai Gao Bei", or "口" is an ancient Chinese character for "Tai"?Qian's case: "Tui" is a dialect in Laozi's book.Yangxiong dialect thirteen "Try it, try it." "Tui" should be trained and destroyed, Gu Huan's note: "Governance." Ji Yun: "'Tui', Ye strike."In Xia Song's ancient prose four-tone rhyme volume three, the word "chuai" is quoted as "口" from Guzi, and Fu Yi's version is "口", which is the ancient word "chuai".

Sun Yirang said: "口" is the or body of "头", see Jiyun Sizhi.However, based on the meaning of the annotation, the word "chuai" should be pronounced as "thump" (Ji Yun 34 Liangwen uses "口" as the word "口" or "thump", and the two characters are also common in ancient books).Wang Yun: "Taking the end makes it sharp, and sharpening it makes it sharp." That is to say, hammering and forging a crochet needle to make it sharp ("梲" in the Heshang Gongben is "sharp").Huainan Zidao Ying Xun said: "The one who beats the hook of a big horse." Gao Zhu said: "Beat, forging." Sound to word pass also.Fu Xiao's "tui" is "口", which is no different from the text, but the training is not the meaning.

Yi Shunding said: "梲" should be written as "rui" from Heshang.Said the text: "梲, a wooden stick." Since the 梲 is a wooden stick, it can't be said that "hold it and stick it".Although the interpretation is based on Wang's original writing of "梲", it says that the word "梲" is "reversed in sound, but in vain".The hand part of the jade article: "挩, in vain, and the rabbit wins two cuts, and the text says: 'Xie Ye.'" The word "梲" in the wood part is seen twice, one is Yueqie, the other is Zhuyueqie, and there is no "菟Duo" and "Tuhuo" are two sounds, so the word "梲" in the interpretation text is clearly a mistake of the word "挩". ... In fact, the "sharp" in Wang's original work is different from the "挩" in ancient works. The note says: "It is both sharp and sharp, and it is bound to destroy the nose." This is the proof.Wenzi Weiming, Huainan Zidao should be trained as "sharp", and the same.The case of modesty: easy to say yes.Ma Xulun said: "Peng Si cited and interpreted the text as '挩', and Gai Wang wrote '挩' and pronounced it as 'rui'." Jiang Xichang said: "Liu Weiyong made a difference: 'Yan Zun, Yang Fu, and Wang Bi are the same as the ancient version.' Also citing Wang's scriptures "Take it out and sharpen it", then Liu Jian Wang's writing is "sharp", and Yi's said that Wang's writing is "sharp".

Takeuchi Yoshio said: "Take it and press it", and Kawagami's original work is "sharp".According to Wang's note: "It is not only the tip of the end, but also the sharpness of the sharpness." Then Wang used the word "梲" as a pretext for "sharp", and Heshang used the orthographic character "sharp".

[The house is full of gold and jade, nothing can keep it. 】

Qianzhi's case: "Tang", and the interpretation: "This is or a room." Fan Yingyuan said: "The word 'room' is in the same ancient version as Yan Zun, Yang Fu, and Wang Bi." In this case, Fu's version is also called "room" and "room". "Yiyou.Said the text: "The room is real." Explanation of the name: "The characters are full of people." Chen Bixu saw Yan Junping and Wang Bi's books are also called "rooms".

【Wealthy and proud, leave your own mouth. 】

Yan Kejun said: "Erjiao", the imperial note is "Erjiao".

Luo Zhenyu said: Jinglong, Yuzhu, and Jingfu are written as "口", which is a different structure of "Jiu".

The case of modesty: Lou Zheng and Sima Guang's "Jiao" is also "憍", and Gao Hui's original is "口". "Leave the blame on yourself", the main work of governance is "return the blame to yourself", and Muromachi's work "return the blame to yourself".Jade article: "'Blame', said Wenyun: 'Disasters also follow each other, and each has its own contradiction.'"

[Success, fame, retirement, the way of heaven. 】

Yan Kejun said: "Wang Bi's work is "successful, and the body is retired", Fu Yi's is "become famous, the work is successful, and the body is retired", and Xingzhou's original work is "the name is successful, the work is successful, and the body is retired".

Luo Zhenyu said: Jinglong, Yuzhu, and Jingfu are all written as "gongcheng, Mingsui, and body retired".There is the word "ye" under "Tao" in Jingfu version.

The Case of Modesty: Quoted from Wen Zi’s Shangde: “Success in merit, success in fame, and retreat from body are the way of heaven.” Huainan Dao should teach: “So Lao Tzu said: ‘Success in success, success in name, and retirement in body are the way of heaven. '" also have the word "also".Also "body retreat", Kaiyuan Yuzhu this as "body mouth".Zijian said: "The mouth, say the text: 'But also, from the month to the mouth, from the mouth.' The custom is to retreat."

[Phonetic Rhyme] The rhyme of Jiang's family in this chapter is read: Ji, Bao, Shou, Jiu, Dao Yun (Zhi, You Tong Yun, already consonant with unitary, Baoyinkou).Same with Yao Wentian.Deng Tingzhen: Bao, Shou, Blame, Dao Yun. "Bao", the ancient sound complements Fuqie. "Tao", the first sound, the ancient sound is in the quiet part.The case of modesty: Yi has been pronounced, and the tablet is written as "Yi".Take the parts of , bao, shou, jiu, yu, dao, zhi and yu into the two parts, this zhi, yu rhyme.It should include the words "Yingzhi" and "Ruizhi" and "Zhi", that is, zhi, yi, zhi, bao, shou, blame, and dao as rhymes.Also, Gao Benhan used the word "Jiao" to rhyme with "Jiaji", "Bao", "Shou", "Jiao", and "Dao".Xi Tong said: Ji, Bao, Shou, Blame and Dao rhyme.The two of them are interchangeable, just like Yi Heng's rhyme "ha" and "beginning" with "Tao".Jiangyong Ancient Rhyme Standard Shangsheng No. 11 "Bao" character, this certificate: "Yongyan Baozhi" rhymes Kao, Shou, "others are Bao" rhymes 栲, 杻, sweep, Kao, "Nantu is Bao" rhymes Bao, uncle, "Wang Gong is Bao" rhyme research.Circumstantial evidence: Lao Tzu "sharp it sharply, but it cannot be kept for a long time. If the house is full of gold and jade, nothing can keep it".

You Jinglong stele version has 41 characters, Dunhuang version and Fu Yi version are the same, Heshang and Fan Yingyuan versions have 39 characters, and Wang Bi version has [-] characters.Heshang titled "Yunyi Ninth", Wang Ben titled "Nine Chapters", and model title "Chapter Nine of Holding and Prospering".

(End of this chapter)