Interpretation of Lao Tzu's Tao Te Ching

Chapter 20

[Abandon the sage and abandon the wisdom, the benefits of the people will be a hundred times;]

Ji Yun said: The two sentences of "juesheng" in the Yongle ceremony are under the two sentences of "jueren".

Takeuchi Yoshio said: Suizhou's original "people" is "people", which avoids Tang taboos.

Wei Jiasun said: "Abandon the sage and abandon the wisdom", and the imperial note "wisdom" is "knowledge".

Qian’s case: Suizhou version, Fu version and model version are also written as “knowledge”, model version “abandoned” is written as “abandoned”, and the next two sentences are the same.In Zhuangzi's Xunxi chapter, "Therefore, when the sages and knowledge are abandoned, the great robbers will stop", and in the Yu chapter "The sages and knowledge are abandoned, and the world is in order", both of them are "knowledge".Huainan Road should teach Lao Tzu to be "wisdom".

[When the people abandon righteousness, the people will return to filial piety and kindness; 】

Yan Kejun said: "Excellent people", each book is "Excellent benevolence".

The case of modesty: the word "min" is related to the word "min" in the context and is mistaken.

[These three are not enough for the text, so they are ordered:]

Wei Jiasun said: "There is the word "Yi" on the imperial note "Wei".

Luo Zhenyu said: Neither Jinglong nor Jingfu has the word "Yi".

Takeuchi Yoshio said: Sui version "these three words are for", Kageben "these three words are for", and Atsushi version "these three words are for".

The case of modesty: there is no word "this" in the model version, "bu" is written as "wei" in the Fu version, and the word "ye" is under the word "foot" in the Fu and model versions.In addition, Qun Shu Zhi Yao Volume 34 quotes "There is nothing for thieves", which is followed by "I think the text is not enough, I see simplicity and simplicity, and I have less selfish desires". As a side note, the writer mistakenly entered the text.

Yu Xingwu said: According to the ancient traditions of "for" and "false".Book Yao Dian "Ping Zhi Nan Puppet", Shi Ji Five Emperors Ji wrote "South Wei".The Book of Rites Yueling "Don't act as a prostitute", note: "This month's order 'as' is 'fraudulent'." decoration also. "These three" refer to sage wisdom, benevolence and righteousness, and skillful benefit. "It's not enough to use false texts", and it is also true to use false and fraudulent texts to cover up what is not enough.The following statement, "So order to belong, see simplicity and simplicity, and reduce selfishness and few desires", does not take false and fraudulent decorations as a matter, rejects it from the other, but belongs to this, this is the original meaning of Laozi.

[See plain and simple, less selfish and few desires. 】

Qian's case: "Pu" character, Heshang, Gu and Fan are the same as this stone.Wang Bi and Fu Yi wrote it as "Pu", and the royal notes as "Pu".Bi Yuan said: "'Pu', or 'Pu', the same."

Liu Shipei said: Treat "selfishness" as "thinking".Han Feizi explained the old passage and said: "The virtuous person gathers with nothingness, achieves with nothingness, does not think about security, and does not have solidity." "Thinking" and "desire" are mentioned together.In another anthology, Xie Lingyun's neighbors sent Fangshan's poems to Li Zhu and quoted Lao Tzu as saying: "Think less and desire less."

The case of modesty: "private" originally means "thinking".In Tang Wangzhen’s discussion on the essentials of military affairs, as well as Qiangsi Qi’s edition, Song Chenxiang’s ancient edition, and Yuan Dade’s three-year Tao Te Ching Building in Fenxi Palace, Baoji County, Shaanxi Province, “private” is all referred to as “si”, which is also evidence.However, in Zhuangzi Shanmu's article "its people are stupid and simple, with little selfishness and few desires", the language is the same as this stone.Heshang's note "less selfishness" said: "Just being selfless." It is in harmony with the seven chapters of the scriptures "It is not because of selflessness and evil that it can become selfish".Using the old to explain the old, although Zhiliu's theory can be understood, it cannot be taken as a conclusion.

[Phonetic Rhyme] The reading of Jiang's rhyme in this chapter: Bei, Ci, Youyun (Zhibu, Double Yinpi, Ci, Shangsheng).Foot, genus, park, desire rhyme (Hou Department).Yao Wentian and Deng Tingzhen are the same.Gao Heng said that the sentence "Juexue Wuyou" should belong to this chapter, with the rhymes of foot, belonging, simplicity, desire, and worry.The case is worrying, the secret department, and the Hou department are in harmony.Deng Tingzhen said: times, compassion, promising rhyme.The 口 sound, the sound of Zi, and the words with sound are the parts of the ancient Yin Li.The poem Zhanying "Rujia three times" rhymes with "Women have no business".

The Youjinglong stele version has 44 characters, the Dunhuang version has the same characters, the He, Wang and model versions have 45 characters, and the Fu version has 47 characters.Heshang’s title is “Huan Chun”, Wang’s title is “Chapter Nineteen”, and the title of the model title is “Chapter No. 19 of Jue Sheng Qi Zhi”.

(End of this chapter)