Interpretation of Lao Tzu's Tao Te Ching

Chapter 44

【The most soft in the world, gallop the most firm in the world. 】

Luo Zhenyu said: There is no word "Cheng" in Dunhuang.

Peng Si said: Ye Mengde does not have the word "Cheng", and Da Zhenzi's "Jian" is "Gang".

Qian's case: Zhuhe, Wang Ben and Fu Ben share this stone.The model version is "the most soft in the world, galloping in the most firm in the world", and it says: "Huainanzi has the character 'yu', which is consistent with the ancient version." The word "Yu" is different from what Fan saw.Yulan Kibeyi also cited "firm" as "rigid".

[Nothing enters into ignorance. 】

Yan Kejun said: Yuzhu, Heshang, and Wang Bi did not have the word "yu", while Fu Yi and Huainanzi wrote "out of nothing, into the infinity".

Wei Jiasun said: "Nothing enters into ignorance", and the "hearing" suspects that the stele is wrong. The interpretation of "wen" and "jian" is strictly wrong.

Jiao Hong said: The ancient version of Huainanzi also wrote "from nothing, into the inexistence".

Fan Yingyuan said: space, gap also.Fu Yi and Yan Zun are in the same ancient edition.The case is now strictly written as "Nothing enters the Infinite".

Liu Shipei said: The Huainan original Dao Xun quoted as "from nothing, enters into infinity", this is also the ancient version of Lao Tzu.Wang Ben also has the word "from".Wang Bi’s above note says: “Qi enters everything, and water comes out of the scriptures.” The note “Everything comes out of the scriptures” is regarded as “everything comes out of the scriptures”, which is opposite to the above “everything enters”. . The word "out of" must be the text above "nothing".Gai Wang's version also wrote "out of nothing, into Wujian", and the word "out of" was mistakenly included in the annotation.Fu Yiben is the same as Huainan.

Liu Wendian said: "No.40" is used in the official chapter of Laozi Heshang today as "the most soft in the world, and the most firm in the world, and nothing enters and never ends". Huainanzi's citations increased.Daoying Pian quoted as "from nothing, into the inexistence", it is doubtful that later generations will change it.Lao Tzu's note: "There is no being, which is called Dao. Dao has no form and quality, so it can enter and exit seamlessly." It is the word "out" that has not yet been used in the seen.

Wang Dao said: There is no gap, no gap.A boat of tens of thousands of dendrobiums can be floated in the water of a foot long; a horse of a thousand miles can be harnessed in a bridle of six feet.Those who gallop from the softest to the hardest are of this kind.The air of heaven and earth is invisible, but it can penetrate gold and stone; the light of the sun and the moon is substanceless, but it can penetrate the house.There is no one who enters the inexhaustible, this is also the case.

[It is beneficial to know nothing. 】

Yan Kejun said: "The imperial annotations are written to "be beneficial to the benefit of knowing and doing nothing." He Shang and Wang Bi have the word "Zhi" and do not emphasize the word "Yi".Wei Jiasun said: Strictly judging the character of "Zhi" and "Yi" in the imperial annotation, and the word "wu" in the imperial annotation "Yes".

Luo Zhenyu said: Neither the Jinglong version nor the Dunhuang version has the word "wu" or "zhi".

Qian's case: Zhuhe and Wang Ben both write "I know that doing nothing is beneficial", Jingfu, Muromachi, and the model are the same, and "no" is "no".Gu Huan wrote "It is beneficial for me to know nothing", and Peng Si wrote "It is beneficial for me to know nothing."

[Teaching without speaking, benefiting from doing nothing, the world hopes for it. 】

The case of modesty: Fu Ben's "Xi" was written as "Xi" with the word "Yi" underneath.In the template and Jingfu edition, "nothing" is changed to "nothing".What this says is the purpose of Chapter [-] "My words are very easy to know and easy to do; the world can't know and can't do it".

[Phonetic Rhyme] Jiang's rhyme in this chapter has no rhyme.Gao Benhan, Xi Tong: Jian and Jian are rhymes.According to Jian, Zhenbu, Jian, Yuanbu, this Yuan and Zhen rhyme.Xue Hui said: "Strength is like being strong. If you don't call it rigid, you can say it is strong. It also changes the rhyme of the language."

There are 38 characters in the Youjing Longbei, 37 characters in the Dunhuang version, 39 characters in the He and Wang versions, 44 characters in the Fu version, and 42 characters in the model version.Heshang's original title is "Pianyong No.40", Wang's original title is "Chapter 43", and the model title is "Tianxia Zhirou Chapter No.40."

(End of this chapter)