Onitako
Chapter 13 Rune Words
Chapter 13 Rune Words
Eyes are valuable, ears are valuable, and hearts are valuable
[Original text]
An Xu Zhengjing, his quilt is full of meat.Be kind and not quiet, and be open-minded and calm.There is a theme.
Eyes are valuable, ears are valuable, and hearts are valuable.Those who look with the eyes of the world will see everything; those who listen with the ears of the world will hear everything; those who think with the mind of the world will know everything.Converge and advance together, it is clear and unstoppable.Right Master Ming.
【Translation】
If a person can be serene, calm, upright, and calm, then his personality can naturally reach the proper degree, and he can handle things with ease in dealing with the world.Be good at communicating with people without being quiet and inactive, with a humble and calm attitude to prevent overturning and damage.The above is the reason why the king should be content with his own position.
Bright eyes are valuable, sensitive ears are valuable, and wisdom is valuable in the soul.As a ruler, if you can see from the perspective of people in the world, there is nothing you cannot see; if you can listen to it from the perspective of people in the world, there is nothing you cannot hear; if you can think from the perspective of people in the world, There is nothing unknowable.If the above points can be achieved, all the people in the world will be able to return to the monarch like the spokes of a wheel concentrating on the hub, and the king's audio-visual will also shine like the sun and the moon, without being blocked or deceived.What has been said above is the reason why the king knows the details and understands the sufferings of the people.
Examples of Wisdom
Emperor Zhaodi of the Han Dynasty was good at distinguishing loyalty from traitors
When Emperor Wudi of the Han Dynasty died, the prince he established was the later Emperor Han Zhaodi, who was only 8 years old.Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was not at ease, so he entrusted him to Huo Guang, Jin Ribei, Shangguan Jie, and Sang Hongyang, four ministers, and asked them to assist Emperor Zhao.Among the four, Huo Guang is the great Sima and the great general, who holds the military and political power of the imperial court and has the highest status.
Huo Guang was an upright man, and he loyally assisted Emperor Zhao of the Han Dynasty to handle state affairs in an orderly manner, so his prestige increased day by day.However, Huo Guang was upright and did not show affection, which offended many people, including Shangguan Jie, Sang Hongyang, Princess Gai and others.
At that time, Yan Wang Liu Dan (Emperor Zhaodi's elder brother) wanted to abolish Emperor Zhao because he did not become emperor, but he was afraid of Huo Guang, so he colluded with Shangguan Jie to plan to get rid of Huo Guang.
Therefore, when Emperor Han Zhao was 14 years old, Shangguan Jie took advantage of the opportunity of the court to let Huo Guang take a vacation, forged a letter written by Liu Dan, and sent someone to pretend to be Liu Dan's envoy, and sent the letter to Emperor Han Zhao.
Emperor Zhao of the Han Dynasty opened the letter and saw that it said: "When Huo Guang went out to inspect the Imperial Forest Army, he used the emperor's special guard of honor without authorization. Moreover, he often did not abide by the law, and without the emperor's approval, he added military officers to the general's mansion without authorization. There are well-documented evidence. He is simply arbitrary and doesn’t care about the emperor at all! I’m worried that he has a conspiracy against the emperor, so I’m willing to resign from the throne and go to the palace to protect the emperor to prevent treacherous officials from making trouble.”
After the letter was sent, Shangguan Jie and others made all preparations, and only waited for Emperor Han Zhao to issue an order before they arrested Huo Guang. Unexpectedly, Emperor Han Zhao remained silent after reading the letter.
The next day, Huo Guang went to court, and when he heard about it, he waited in the side hall for punishment.
Emperor Han Zhao didn't see Huo Guang in the court hall, so he asked, "Where is the general?"
Shangguan Jie replied: "The general didn't dare to come in because he was denounced by King Yan."
So Emperor Zhao of the Han Dynasty sent someone to invite Huo Guang to the palace.Huo Guang came to the front of the hall, took off his hat, and kowtowed to apologize.
Emperor Han Zhao said: "The general just puts on his hat. I know that the letter is fake, and you are not guilty."
Huo Guang was both happy and puzzled, and asked, "How did the emperor know?"
Emperor Han Zhao said: "The general inspected the Imperial Forest Army only in the last few days. It has only been 10 days since the addition of military officers and lieutenants. King Yan is far in the north. How could he know so quickly? If the general wants to make trouble, he doesn't have to Rely on the captain."
Shangguan Jie and others, as well as all civil and military officials, were shocked when they heard this.
Emperor Zhao of the Han Dynasty said again: "You only need to ask the messenger to find out about this matter! However, I think he must have already escaped."
The left and right subordinates hurriedly ordered people to find the messenger, but the messenger ran away.
When one plan failed, Shangguan Jie and others made another plan. They often spoke ill of Huo Guang in front of Emperor Han Zhao.Finally, Emperor Han Zhao was furious and said to them:
"The general is a loyal minister. The late emperor entrusted him to assist me. I will punish anyone who dares to slander the general in the future!"
Shangguan Jie and others saw that this method was not enough, so they conspired to have Princess Gai come forward to invite Huo Guang to drink, and then took the opportunity to kill him, abolish Emperor Han Zhao, and make Yan Wang Liu Dan the emperor.But before their plot could be implemented, they were discovered by Emperor Han Zhao and Huo Guang, and they were all killed.
[Comment and Analysis]
"Master Mingshu" means that only when the monarch has hearing, eyesight, and mind, can he see clearly and not be blinded by the external illusion of things.If Huo Guang met a fatuous emperor, he would have been beheaded already.However, Emperor Zhao accurately calculated from the time in the letter that it was impossible for King Yan to know what happened recently, and he ordered people to track down the person who sent the letter. His purpose of doing this was to intimidate those who framed Huo Guang. half dead.What is even more tragic is that Shangguan Jie and others still did not give up, intending to rebel, and finally ended up decapitated.
Emperor Yongzheng made an example to others
During the reign of Kangxi and Qianlong, the country presented a situation of peace and prosperity.The prosperity of the Kangxi period benefited from Kangxi's good governance of the world. However, in the late Kangxi period, the country has been declining.On the one hand, he was sick in his later years and could not be diligent in politics; on the other hand, the issue of establishing the crown prince caused chaos in the court.Therefore, in the later years of his reign, officials in the DPRK and China gradually neglected politics, and perfunctory, lazy procrastination, corruption and bribery made the officialdom a mess, which spread until the early years of Yongzheng.
After Yongzheng ascended the throne, he was determined to rectify in an all-round way, changing the attitude of dereliction of duty and the passive and lazy style of court ministers.He knew that this style of work had existed for a long time, and it would not be easy to abolish it completely.But if we only publicize some principles to them, I am afraid that we will not get good results.
After much deliberation, Yongzheng felt that it would be better to kill a chicken and show it to the monkeys, which might have a big impact and shock other ministers.But where to find this "chicken"?Soon, Yongzheng found a breakthrough.
One day, Yongzheng asked his subordinates to take back the plaque on the gate of the Ministry of Punishment and hide it behind a screen while others were not paying attention.Then Yongzheng waited patiently to see what the Ministry of Punishment would do.
A day passed, and there was nothing abnormal in the Ministry of Justice.
Two days have passed, and the Criminal Department still acts as if nothing happened.
On the seventh day, Yongzheng could no longer hold his breath.He ordered the officials in charge of the Ministry of Penalties to be summoned.When we met, he suddenly asked:
"Is the big plaque outside your office still in charge?"
The official didn't know what Yongzheng's intention was, so he replied respectfully, "Yes!"
But when they looked up at the emperor, they saw that Yongzheng's face was gloomy. Not knowing what he said wrong, he hurriedly added: "It should be here!" After that, he dared not speak.
Yongzheng waved to the attendants nearby, and the two servants carried the plaque outside the gate of the Ministry of Punishment out from behind the screen.When the official in charge of the Ministry of Punishment saw it, he trembled with fright, and for a moment didn't understand what was going on.
Yongzheng pointed to the plaque placed in the center of the hall, and said sharply:
"This plaque has been here for seven days, but none of you noticed it! You didn't even notice such a big flaw. I don't know how many things you usually neglect! The head of a majestic department has neglected his duties to such an extent, How can you set an example and teach the people below to be diligent in official duties?"
Yongzheng lost his temper, and the head of the criminal department was so frightened that his legs became weak, and he repeatedly kowtowed and bowed his head to plead guilty.He swore an oath in front of the emperor, determined to change his past mistakes, rectify the administration of officials, and improve efficiency.
Yongzheng didn't say anything to other departments, but since the news spread, the handling style of the six departments of the imperial court quickly improved.
[Comment and Analysis]
Faced with perfunctory, lazy procrastination, corruption and bribery and other bad behaviors, Emperor Yongzheng knew that it would be difficult to solve it for a while, so he thought of the trick of killing chickens to show monkeys.This is also a strategy that ancient officials have never tired of doing.why?Because compared with breaking through each one, punishing one as an example has a greater impact, and it saves a lot of time and effort.It can be seen that the brilliance of Emperor Yongzheng lies in his mind.
Emperor Qianlong bought people's hearts
When Emperor Qianlong was in power, he was based on tolerance and benevolence. He always hoped for a peaceful solution to the southern Xinjiang issue, but in the end he had to use military force.
After pacifying Junggar, where should the Hui tribe go?
At first, the Qing Dynasty hoped for a peaceful settlement, and took measures to reduce tribute, grant greater autonomy and preferential policies.But later developments were counterproductive. Because the Hezhuo brothers rebelled and plotted to split, the Qing court had to resort to force.
In the 23rd year of Qianlong's reign, the imperial court appointed Yalhashan as the Jingni general, and led more than [-] Manchu and Han officers and soldiers to Kuqa.Before the crusade, Qianlong issued an edict declaring the crimes of the big and small Hezhuo, and his words were sincere and reasonable, which won the support and support of the common people.
In the decree, it said to the Uighur people:
"Branidun and Huo Jizhan brothers were imprisoned during Galdan's instigation. When we pacified Ili for the first time, we released them and ordered them to be your leaders. The imperial court is about to bestow favor on Hezhuo brothers , When the good land was granted, they did not expect that the two of them would take advantage of the Erut incident and lead the Ili people to flee to Yarkand and Kashgar to support themselves. I thought that the two of them might be afraid of Erut’s harassment. Temporarily avoided to recuperate, so he did not send troops to blame. Later, seeing that the two of them still had no intention of returning, they sent envoys to appease them. Unexpectedly, the two actually killed the envoys and pretended to be Batur Khan. The plot was particularly abominable. "
Emperor Qianlong also said in the decree:
"I thought that if the imperial court let it go and did not capture the main culprit, then the people of the Hui nationality would not live in peace. Therefore, a large army was sent out to punish the crime. This time, the division was only for Huo Jizhan. Because I heard that Huo Jizhan's uprising advocated Branitown was forced to follow suit, so I ordered them to be dealt with separately. Brothers like Zhuo and Zhuo are close relatives, and I will deal with it according to the severity of the circumstances, not to mention that you are not involved at all, so there is no reason to be implicated. ? I will not kill innocent people like you and rebels together."
The decree concluded by saying:
"If you offer Huo Ji Zhan Huo, you will live and work in peace and contentment, and enjoy the special kindness forever. If you are obsessed with obsession and follow the instructions of the rebels, when the soldiers arrive, you will no longer distinguish between good and evil, and they will all be wiped out. It's too late to regret! Hope! You think carefully about the benefits and the disadvantages, so don't waste your life."
From this decree, we can clearly see Qianlong's basic strategy of conforming to public opinion.In the decree, Emperor Qianlong aimed at the very few and protected the majority based on reason.On the one hand, he accused the Hezhuo brothers of being ungrateful, especially Huo Jizhan, and affirmed the justification for this conquest; .Ordinary people, even Dahe Zhuobranidun will be lenient.
The release of this decree is conducive to disintegrating the will of the rebels, dividing their internal cohesion, and laying a solid foundation for the final pacification of the size of the Hui tribe and the victory of the Zhuo rebellion.
[Comment and Analysis]
In the process of suppressing the size and Zhuo rebellion, Qianlong analyzed the pros and cons from the perspective of judging the situation.In order to seek advantages and avoid disadvantages, he not only treats rebels with tolerance, but also achieves the best results with the smallest investment, which can be described as getting twice the result with half the effort.Its success is inseparable from Emperor Qianlong's keen observation, correct judgment and wise decision.
The decree issued by Qianlong not only relieved the worries and worries of the people, but also greatly encouraged the determination of the oppressed people to resist, and achieved the purpose of dividing the enemy camp, winning over the Uighur people, and reducing the resistance of the march.It can be said that the role of this decree is no less than that of a simple military march, laying the foundation for the final victory.
The art of listening, don't insist and refuse
[Original text]
The art of listening says: Don't be firm and refuse.If you allow it, you will defend it, if you refuse it, you will block it.The high mountains can be raised up extremely, and the depth of the abyss can be measured.The gods' hearing skills are calm and quiet, which is extremely rare!The right master listens.
【Translation】
The way to accept other people's advice is: don't be stubborn and reject the other party.Take advice, and the people will support and defend the king; refuse to speak, and the king will close his eyes and listen.Although the peak is high above, you can see its apex when you look up; although the abyss is unfathomable, you can still know its depth by measuring.The king of the gods, his ability to listen to words is upright and quiet, profound and mysterious, and unfathomable.What has been said above is the reason why the king accepts advice and corrects the audience.
Examples of Wisdom
Listen to advice with an open mind and become the overlord
In 636 BC, Prince Jin returned home and became the king of the country, he was Duke Wen of Jin.After he became a king, he began to conscript the people, organize the army, and train for combat.Two years later, Jin Wengong planned to use the trained people to dominate the princes.
The minister Zifa dissuaded him and said: "Although the people have been trained and are strong, they still don't understand righteousness, they haven't been able to occupy their positions, and they can't use them."
Jin Wengong thought it was reasonable, so he tried to make the people understand righteousness.At this time, the "Uncle Zhao's Difficulty" occurred in the Zhou Dynasty.
Uncle Zhao was the son of King Hui of Zhou. He conspired with his elder brother Di Kui, the queen of Xiang, to rebel. When King Xiang found out, he deposed Di Wei.This incident offended Di Kui's natal family, and they sent heavy troops to attack the Zhou Dynasty, and King Xiang of Zhou was forced to flee to Zheng State.
The Zhou Dynasty was nominally the suzerain of the vassal states at that time, and Jin Wengong decided to help King Zhou Xiang return to the Zhou Dynasty and use this matter to educate the people of the Jin State.
He sent two armies left and right, the right army attacked Uncle Zhao, and the left army went to Zheng Guo to welcome King Zhou Xiang back to his country.After the event was completed, King Zhou Xiang welcomed Duke Wen of Jin with the etiquette of the emperor in recognition of his contributions.
Duke Wen of Jin declined, saying: "This is a matter for my subordinates."
After helping King Xiang to return to the country, he returned to the country to devote himself to making things easier for the people so that they could live and work in peace and contentment.He thinks that the common people can be used.
Zi-off came out again and said, "Although the people understand righteousness, they still don't know what faith is, so they can't use it yet."
After hearing this, Duke Wen of Jin thought it made sense.
He led the army to attack Yuanguo and ordered the soldiers to carry three days' rations.The army besieged the city of Yuanguo for three whole days, and the soldiers ran out of food, but the people of Yuanguo still held on to the city.So Jin Wengong ordered the troops to retreat. Just as the Jin army had just retreated, spies came out of the city and reported: "Yuanguo is ready to surrender."
Some people advocate holding on and waiting for the original country to surrender.Duke Wen of Jin resolutely said: "When I brought three days of military rations, I was planning to attack for three days; now that I have ordered the withdrawal of troops, I should keep my word. If you don't retreat, even if you get the original country, you will lose credit. Which one is more profitable? ?”
Because Duke Wen of Jin used his attack on the original country to educate the people to know the letter, the domestic people's morals changed drastically, and everything was based on the letter.
After finishing all this, Duke Wen of Jin asked Zi Zuo, "Is it all right this time?"
Zi-off replied: "Although the people know faith and righteousness, they don't know etiquette, they haven't cultivated humility yet."
Therefore, Jin Wengong worked hard to let the people know the etiquette.He held a grand military parade, and every link was performed according to military etiquette, so that the people could see the etiquette; he also stipulated the ranks and responsibilities of the officials, so that the people knew what etiquette should be followed for which officials.Not only that, but the common people also know to judge the right and wrong of a matter according to Li Li.At this time, Zi Zuo smiled and said, "You can use the people."
Therefore, Jin Wengong began to attack Cao, attack Wei, obtained the land of Qi, defeated the Chu army in Chengpu, and became one of the five overlords in the Spring and Autumn Period.
[Comment and Analysis]
"Master's Listening Technique" talks about how the monarch listens to and accepts the advice of his courtiers on the basis of being aware of the details.Jin Wengong, one of the Five Overlords in the Spring and Autumn Period, always wanted to dominate, but he did not rush forward. Instead, he humbly followed the suggestion of Zi Zuo three times and spared no effort to complete it.As a result, not only educated people to understand faith, but also made people understand etiquette, and Jin finally became one of the five hegemons in the Spring and Autumn Period.
Sincerely seek admonishment to cultivate morality
During the Warring States period, Wei Wenhou, the king of the state of Wei, heard that Wu Qi was honest and fair, good at using soldiers, and was highly respected by soldiers. He worshiped Wu Qi as the prefect of Xihe (the name of Wei County, which is located on the west bank of the Yellow River in eastern Shaanxi today) to resist Qin and South Korea. invasion.
After Wei Wenhou died, Wu Qi continued to assist his son Wei Wuhou.
In 395 BC, Marquis Wu came to Xihe, took a boat down the river, and inspected the terrain.On the way, Marquis Wu was deeply moved when he saw the high mountains and great rivers, and he turned his head and said to Wu Qi:
"Surrounded by mountains and rivers, the situation is dangerous. It's like a line of defense that only one man guards the gate, and ten thousand men can't open it. It prevents the enemy from invading. This is really an honor for Wei Guo!"
After hearing this, Wu Qi shook his head and advised Marquis Wu:
"The prosperity and decline of a country is not in the danger of mountains and rivers in Germany."
Seeing that Wu Qi disagreed with him, Marquis Wu asked:
"What is the reason for this?"
Therefore, Wu Qi cited the examples of many countries in history with dangerous mountains and rivers, but they did not pay attention to governing the country, did not show kindness to the people, and eventually failed.
He also advised Marquis Wu, saying:
"The prosperity and decline of a country lies in whether it is virtuous to the people. It cannot only rely on the steepness of the mountains and rivers. In the past, the place where the Sanmiao family (the name of the ancient tribe according to legend) lived had Dongting Lake on the left and Poyang Lake on the right. The terrain is dangerous. But He was destroyed by Xia Yu (the leader of the ancient tribal alliance according to legend) because he had no moral words and no faith. The residence of Jie, the last monarch of the Xia Dynasty, had the Yellow River and Jishui on the left, Mount Tai and Huashan on the right, Taihang Mountain to the north, and Mount Hua to the south. Longmen Mountain has a more dangerous terrain, but it was defeated by Shang Tang due to lack of benevolent government. The capital of the last King Zhou of the Shang Dynasty leaned on Mengmen Mountain on the left, Taihang Mountain on the right, Hengshan Mountain in the north, and the Yellow River in the south. It was also due to political corruption. If you don’t govern virtuously, you will be destroyed by Zhou. Judging from these facts, governing the country lies in having good policies and laws and giving kindness to the people, not in the danger of the terrain! If you don’t govern virtuously, the people on board may be you enemy."
After hearing this, Marquis Wu said with admiration:
"you are right."
Because Marquis Wu of Wei received advice in time, cultivated moral government internally, trained strong troops externally, and supported Wu Qi's reform and reform of the military system, he thus established an elite and brave "Wei military soldiers" to rule the roost.
[Comment and Analysis]
A wise monarch is not only good at accepting advice, but also not ashamed to ask others, in order to continuously improve himself.Wei Wuhou humbly sought advice from Wu Qi to explore various factors that affect the changes and development of things, which shows his sincere heart to seek talents.Guanzi once said: "There is no world without ministers, and there is no monarch to make it;Therefore, only when the talents of the subordinates can be fully displayed can they be regarded as useful talents.Marquis Wu of Wei received advice in a timely manner and practiced virtue internally, which shows that he is a generation of Mingjun who is good at accepting advice.
Don't listen to advice
Bian Que was a famous doctor in ancient times. One day he went to see Marquis Cai Huan. After carefully examining the complexion of Marquis Huan, he said, "Your Majesty, you are sick. Now the disease is only on the surface of the skin. Treat it quickly, it will be cured easily."
Cai Huanhou said disapprovingly, "I'm not sick, so I don't need you to treat me!" After Bian Que left, he said to his left and right: "These doctors want to treat people who are not sick all day long, so that they can be treated in this way." Prove your medical skills."
Ten days later, Bian Que went to visit Cai Huanhou again.He said anxiously: "Your disease has developed into the muscles, and you need to be treated immediately!" Huan Hou tilted his head and said, "I'm not sick at all!" After Bian Que left, he was very unhappy.
Ten days later, Bian Que went to visit Cai Huanhou again, and said even more anxiously: "Your Majesty, your illness has already entered the stomach and intestines, so you can't delay any longer!" Huanhou still shook his head again and again: "Damn, what's wrong with me? "After Bian Que left, he became even more unhappy.
After another 10 days, Bian Que went to see Marquis Cai Huan again. After meeting, he only took one look, then turned around and left.Huan Hou was very puzzled, so he sent someone to ask him.Bian Que said: "Don't be afraid of being sick, as long as you treat it in time, it will be cured; if you are sick and say you are not sick, you will not accept treatment. If the disease is in the skin, it can be cured with hot compresses; if it is in the muscles, it can be cured with acupuncture and moxibustion. It is cured; the disease is in the intestines and stomach, and it can be cured with decoction. But now the king’s disease has penetrated into the bone marrow, and the disease is so serious that he can only resign himself to fate. Therefore, I dare not ask him to be treated again."
Soon, Cai Huanhou's illness really broke out.He sent someone to invite Bian Que, but Bian Que had already left.Within a few days, he died.
[Comment and Analysis]
As the saying goes: "Good medicine is good for the disease, and good advice is good for the ear." If you are stubborn, do not listen to the advice of experienced people, and only believe in your own subjective judgment, you will definitely fail.Cai Huanhou refused to listen to Bian Que's good advice, and as a result he died of a critical illness.Of course, in addition to paying attention to listening to other people's opinions and suggestions, you must also sum up your own experience in a timely manner, so as to "learn a lesson, gain wisdom", and stop making similar mistakes, which is also a rare gain.
Fu Jian refused to remonstrate and defeated Feishui
At the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, the north and the south were divided.In the south, Sima Rui proclaimed himself emperor in Jiankang and established the Eastern Jin Dynasty; the former Qin regime.In 357 A.D., Fu Jian came to the throne. He reused Han intellectuals and implemented a series of reform measures, which to a certain extent enabled the former Qin Dynasty to realize the situation of military strength and national prosperity.
On this basis, Fu Jian actively expanded his influence outwards and initially unified the northern region.Then attack Jiangnan in an attempt to unify the north and the south.In August of the eighth year of Taiyuan (383) in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Fu Jian personally led an army of one million, marched by land and water, and attacked Jin in the south.The Eastern Jin Dynasty was determined to rise up and resist when a powerful enemy oppressed the country and faced the critical moment of life and death.On the one hand, they alleviated internal conflicts; on the other hand, they actively deployed troops and formulated correct strategic and tactical guidelines to resist the invasion of the former Qin army.
On October 8000th, Fu Rong led the forward of the former Qin army to capture Shouyang, and Murongchui's troops captured Yuncheng, and then attacked Xiashi.Hu Bin was trapped in Xiashi, lacking in food and grass, unable to support himself, so he wrote to ask Xie Shi for help.However, this letter was intercepted by the former Qin army. Fu Jian decided to march in quickly to prevent the Jin army from escaping, so he left the large army in Kancheng, led [-] cavalry to Shouyang, and dispatched the former Eastern Jin Xiangyang guard Zhu Zhu Xu went to the Jin army to persuade him to surrender.After Zhu Xu arrived at the Jin army's camp, instead of persuading him to surrender, he informed Xie Shi and others about the situation of the former Qin army, and suggested that Xie Shi take advantage of the opportunity when the former Qin army's troops were not yet concentrated, and take the initiative to attack.
Xie Shi changed his combat policy in time, decided to switch from defense to offense, and sent Liu Jianzhi to lead 5000 elite troops to Luojian quickly to meet the former Qin Liang in formation.Liu Laozhi defeated Liang Cheng and won the Luojian encounter, which suppressed the advance of the former Qin army and greatly boosted the morale of the Jin army.Xie Shi took the opportunity to order all the troops to advance by land and water, and approached the former Qin army.Standing on the city of Shouyang, Fu Jian saw that the Jin army was well organized, and saw the grass and trees on Bagong Mountain to the east of Feishui River. He thought it was a Jin army, and felt fearful in his heart, and said to Fu Rong: "This They are obviously strong enemies, how do you say they are vulnerable?"
After the former Qin army failed in the battle of Luojian, they formed formations along the west bank of Feishui River in an attempt to calmly fight the Jin army.Xie Xuan knew that his army was weak, which was good for a quick decision and not good for a long-lasting one, so he sent an envoy to urge General Fu Rong to say: "The general led the army deep into the Jin territory, but deployed along the Fei River. This is to fight a protracted war, not a quick one. A quick solution. Wouldn’t it be great if you could let the former Qin soldiers retreat a bit later to free up a place for the Jin army to cross the Feishui River and have a showdown between the two armies?”
All the generals of the former Qin army believed that this was a trick of the Jin army and advised Fu Jian not to be fooled.But Fu Jian said: "Just lead the troops back a little, wait for half of them to cross the river, and half of them to cross the river, and then use the elite cavalry to charge and kill them, and then we can win." So Fu Rong agreed to Xie Xuan's request and commanded the Qin army. withdraw.The former Qin army had low morale, internal instability, chaotic formation, and poor command. This withdrawal caused chaos.Zhu Xu took the opportunity to shout from behind the front of the Qin army: "The Qin army is defeated! The Qin army is defeated!" The former Qin army believed it and ran wildly, scrambling for their lives.
Under the command of Xie Xuan, the Eastern Jin army took advantage of the momentum to cross the Fei River and launched a fierce attack.Fu Rong was killed, and the former Qin army collapsed across the board, completely losing combat effectiveness. The Jin army took advantage of the victory and pursued until they reached Qinggang.The former Qin soldiers and horses stepped on each other and died, all over the mountains and fields, blocking the river.The living people heard the noise of the wind and panicked, thinking that the Jin soldiers were chasing them, and fled northward desperately.In the Battle of Feishui, nine out of ten of the former Qin army were wiped out, and Fu Jian himself was wounded by an arrow and fled to Huaibei in a panic.
[Comment and Analysis]
When Fu Jian was in power, he worked hard to govern, not only created the prosperity of the former Qin Dynasty, but also unified the north. He was relatively powerful among the minority regimes.However, it is a pity that he was too fond of great achievements and advocating force, and because of his self-willedness, he could not listen to the suggestions of his officials with an open mind, which eventually led to the defeat of Feishui and his hatred through the ages.
Use rewards to value letters, use punishments to value righteousness
[Original text]
Use rewards to value credit, use punishment to value righteousness.To reward your letter, you must verify what your ears and eyes have seen and heard.Those who are not seen or heard are all darkened.Sincerity is as good as the gods in the world, but what's more, the traitor is a king.Right main prize.
The first is called heaven, the second is called earth, and the third is called human.In all directions, up and down, left and right, front and back, where is the place of confusion?asked the right master.
The heart is the rule of the nine orifices, and the king is the leader of the five sense organs.Those who are good will be rewarded by the king, and those who are wrong will be punished by the king.You ask for it because of it, and you don't work because you give it to it.The sage uses it, so he can grasp it.Because of reasoning, solid energy can last for a long time.Right main cause.
The owner is indispensable.If the master is not in order, the officials will be in chaos.The home is impermanent, the inside and the outside are blocked, how can you know what to open?If the opening and closing are not good, the original will not be seen.Right main week.
One is Changmu, the other is Feier, and the third is Shuming.Thousands of miles away, in the dark, it is said that the world is treacherous, and there is no secret change.Right Master Congratulations.
Follow the name to act, and the reality will end in peace; the name and reality are born together, and the opposite is love.Therefore, it is said: Fame is born of reality, reality is born of reason, reason is born of virtue of name and reality, virtue is born of harmony, and harmony is born of appropriateness.Right main name.
【Translation】
When the king rewards his subjects, the most important thing is to keep his word; when he punishes, the most important thing is to be impartial.Rewards and bestowments are based on sticking to credit, which must be verified by the actual situation that has been heard and seen. Even if the situation has not been heard and seen, it will naturally be recognized and accepted by the people in a subtle way.If rewards and trustworthiness can be achieved, punishments can be just, so that the king's virtue can spread freely in the world, and if there are gods to protect him, then how can treacherous people succeed in their attempts to harm the king?The above is the principle that kings must keep their promises when rewarding them.
One is to know the time from above, the other is to know the location from below, and the third is to know the harmony of people.In this way, the four directions, up and down, left and right, front and back, all kinds of factors are well understood, so where can the glamorous star, which symbolizes good and bad luck, exist?The above is the principle that the king should not be ashamed to ask his subordinates, and grasp the timing, location, and harmony of people.
The heart is the master of the operation of the nine orifices, and the king is the leader of the five sense organs.The king will reward the subjects who do good deeds; the king will punish the subjects who do evil deeds.The king carefully considers the rewards or punishments according to the specific situation of the administration of the officials, so that he will not spend a lot of effort, and he will avoid the resentment of laboring the people and wasting money.The sage uses this method, so he can master them.Only by making the best use of the situation and following the principles can the national destiny be prosperous and lasting.What has been said above is the principle that the king follows the rules and governs his subjects.
As a king, one must think carefully and thoroughly, dabble in all the truths in the world, if he is not careful and well-versed in human affairs and world affairs, then the officials will be in turmoil.If there is constant turmoil in the country, and the officials are in charge of impermanence, then the ruler and ministers cannot communicate with each other. How can we know the opening and closing, the rise and fall of everything in the world?If you are not good at using the art of opening and closing, you will not be able to see the origin of things.The above is the reason why the king must be well versed in the affairs of the world and think carefully.
As a king, you must first have long eyes, that is, see everything with the eyes of the people in the world; second, you must have flying ears, that is, use the ears of the people in the world to hear sounds; Insight into everything.If it is thousands of miles away, hidden in the faint subtlety, it is called a "hole".There is no treacherous person in the world who does not secretly abandon evil and do good, and change his past.What is said here is the principle that a king should have hearing, eyesight, and heart.
If the king acts according to his name and acts according to the facts, everything will be safe.When name and reality support each other, the reverse will exist logically.Therefore, the proper name is born in practice, and practice is born in reason, and reason is born in morality worthy of the name, morality is born in peace, and peace is born in everything is appropriate.What has been said above is the reason why the monarch must be appropriate and follow the name.
Examples of Wisdom
Punish people to save the capital city
During the Warring States period, in winter, people near the south gate of the capital of the State of Lu would go hunting in the reed marshes.Due to the suitable humidity there, there are fertile weeds growing, and countless fish and shrimps are playing.Many birds and beasts also inhabit this treasured land of geomantic omen and live a comfortable life.
People say that the meat of the animals here is not only delicious, but also the fur can be sold for money, so there is an endless stream of people coming here to hunt.One day, for the benefit of the moment, someone set a fire to hunt and kill prey.Taking advantage of the wind, the fire quickly spread, and it was about to reach the capital, but no one put out the fire, and everyone was still happily chasing the fleeing animals.
When Duke Ai of Lu heard the news of the fire in the palace, he was shocked and sent people to put out the fire.But the people who were sent also followed the crowd to chase the prey that escaped from the sea of fire.Seeing the mess, Duke Ai of Lu was at a loss, worried that if the delay continued, the capital would be reduced to ashes.
At this time, a minister in the palace said: "In such a critical situation, we have not set any rewards and punishments. Of course they are not willing to take the risk of putting out the fire. What's more, taking the opportunity to kill prey is not only profitable, but also interesting. There is a rush. It is inevitable that this will happen.”
Duke Ai of Lu was anxious. Hearing these words, Mao Sai suddenly understood, and passed down an order that all those who put out the fire are those who have made contributions to saving the capital, and they will definitely be rewarded heavily!
The minister hurriedly said: "This is not good. It is a mess now. It is not clear who is fighting the fire and who is chasing the prey. As for whose contribution is greater and which is less, there is no way to judge. Besides, there is another important problem, Now that there are so many people, it is really not worthwhile to use so much wealth to reward!"
Duke Ai of Lu thought it was right, and began to worry again, saying, "Then what should we do?"
The minister replied: "Since rewards are not enough, why not punish? We can stipulate that those who hunt and kill prey are regarded as dereliction of duty, and those who do not put out fires are equivalent to deserters on the battlefield. If they are found, no matter who they are, they must be punished by military discipline. Punishment without leaving any sympathy! In this way, the goal can be achieved without spending a penny. What do you think?"
Duke Ai of Lu was full of praise when he heard it, and immediately sent an order to go down.All the people present were frightened and put out the fire one after another.Some took off their clothes to put out the flames, some took tools to cut off the fire spreading around, and some shoveled soil to cover the ashes that were about to re-ignite.After a while, the fire was extinguished.
[Comment and Analysis]
The "master reward technique" refers to how the monarch uses rewards and punishments to motivate others to serve him.Duke Ai of Lu adopted the method of rewards and punishments for the ministers in the palace. His success lies in the timing. Through the analysis of the objects to be used, he grasped people's fear of being punished. People's hearts, put out the fire.It can be seen that clear rewards and punishments can not only be followed as a system, but also can be used by oneself as a flexible means.
Recruit talents and build gold platform
After the Yan State was defeated by the Qi State, the monarch died soon, and the crown prince succeeded him as King Yan Zhao.When he was cleaning up the dilapidated Yan State, he decided to hire talented people with generous gifts, and prepared to avenge the defeat of Qi.
He said to his counselor Guo Wei:
"Qi State took advantage of our civil strife and defeated us. Now, our Yan State is weak and unable to take revenge. Therefore, it is my greatest wish to get a wise person to discuss state affairs with me and to shame King Xue. You How do you think we can recruit talented people? How can we make the country of Yan prosper and defeat the country of Qi?"
Guo Kui said:
"A monarch who has achieved imperial success takes the sage as his teacher, a monarch who achieves the king's career takes the sage as his friend, a monarch who achieves hegemony takes the sage as his subject, and a monarch who loses his country takes the humble villain as his subject."
"If you treat sages with respect, you can recruit talents a hundred times more than yourself; if you work before others, rest after others, ask others for advice, and then meditate deeply, then you can recruit talents ten times more than yourself. If you work as hard as others and treat others equally, then you can attract talents with similar talents as yourself; if you are arrogant towards people, get angry and scold at will, you can only attract slaves This is the experience and lessons from ancient times! If your majesty really wants to appoint a wide range of sages, you should visit them in person and let the people of the world know that your majesty personally visits your sages. Then all the sages in the world will definitely come to the country of Yan Come."
After hearing what Guo Wei said, King Yan Zhao asked, "Who should I visit first?"
Guo Kai said: "Let me tell you a story first. In ancient times, there was a king who wanted to buy a thousand-mile horse with a thousand pieces of gold, but he couldn't buy it for three years. A waiter in the palace said to the king: "Please let me buy a thousand-mile horse!" The king So he sent him there. Three months later, the man found the Chollima, but the horse was dead. So he bought the horse bone with 500 gold and came back to report to the king. The king was furious: "What I want to buy is How can you buy a dead horse with 500 gold for a live horse?" The waiter replied calmly: "It takes 500 gold to buy a dead horse, let alone a live horse? Everyone in the world thinks that if the king really wants to buy a horse, the Chollima will give it to him soon. Come.' Sure enough, within a year, three thousand-mile horses came to our door."
Guo Kui then said to King Yanzhao: "If your majesty wants to recruit talents, please start with me. Even if I am appointed, let alone someone who is more talented than me?"
King Yan Zhao obeyed Guo Wei's words, built a high platform, worshiped Guo Wei as his teacher, and built a golden platform to wait for the sages.All of a sudden, talents like Le Yi, Zou Yan, and Ju Xin rushed from their own country to the country of Yan.
After more than 20 years of hard work by many sages and wise men, Yan State has finally become stronger, and the combat effectiveness of the army has also been greatly enhanced.So King Yan Zhao appointed Le Yi as the general, and jointly planned to attack Qi with Qin, Chu and the three Jins.After several battles, the Qi army was defeated, King Qi Jin fled abroad, and King Yan Zhao finally avenged the defeat of Qi.
[Comment and Analysis]
Under the heavy reward, there must be a brave man.King Yan Zhao used money to recruit talents, and finally made Yan strong and avenged the defeat of Qi.There are three reasons for his success: first, he is good at employing people, and he first thinks of recruiting talents with generous gifts; Nashi, so that talents can make the best use of them.
【Wisdom summary】
The original meaning of "Fu" refers to the tokens used by the ancient court to convey orders and dispatch troops, with words related to use engraved on it. The "fuyan" here is extended to the motto issued by the monarch, so this article focuses on a set of strategies designed for the monarch to govern the country and govern the people.How to govern the world, command hundreds of officials, and how to possess the qualities that a king of a country should have are all reflected in the text.
This article describes the nine aspects that the king should do: the main position, the main understanding, the main listening, the main reward, the main question, the main cause, the main week, the main respect, and the main name. "Main position art" refers to the monarch should have an indifferent and tranquil state of mind and a well-thought-out demeanor of king; Listening technique" refers to how the monarch listens to and adopts other people's opinions. The correct approach should be to open up the way of speaking and collect opinions from all the people; clear; "Master's Inquiry Technique" refers to how the monarch can understand all aspects of the situation comprehensively and objectively, and requires the monarch to have the spirit of being diligent, studious, and not ashamed to ask questions; Make the best use of the situation and follow the principles; "Zhu Zhou Shu" refers to how the monarch should communicate well with his ministers and act carefully, so as to make the words flow smoothly and conduct things normally; In order to make oneself close to virtuous ministers and far away from villains, the requirement is to be deaf, eyesight, and spiritual; "master name art" refers to how the monarch uses appropriate methods to make his "name" and "truth" perfect. Combined, the relationship between the two is to follow the name and seek the truth, and to determine the name according to the fact.
This article talks about the way of governing that the monarch should master. Not only does it not involve the Confucian theory of equality between the monarch and his subjects, nor the legalist relationship between the monarch and his subjects as tigers and wolves. Instead, it focuses on how to use tactics to control subjects. To maintain their own rule, this is the peculiarity of this article.
(End of this chapter)
Eyes are valuable, ears are valuable, and hearts are valuable
[Original text]
An Xu Zhengjing, his quilt is full of meat.Be kind and not quiet, and be open-minded and calm.There is a theme.
Eyes are valuable, ears are valuable, and hearts are valuable.Those who look with the eyes of the world will see everything; those who listen with the ears of the world will hear everything; those who think with the mind of the world will know everything.Converge and advance together, it is clear and unstoppable.Right Master Ming.
【Translation】
If a person can be serene, calm, upright, and calm, then his personality can naturally reach the proper degree, and he can handle things with ease in dealing with the world.Be good at communicating with people without being quiet and inactive, with a humble and calm attitude to prevent overturning and damage.The above is the reason why the king should be content with his own position.
Bright eyes are valuable, sensitive ears are valuable, and wisdom is valuable in the soul.As a ruler, if you can see from the perspective of people in the world, there is nothing you cannot see; if you can listen to it from the perspective of people in the world, there is nothing you cannot hear; if you can think from the perspective of people in the world, There is nothing unknowable.If the above points can be achieved, all the people in the world will be able to return to the monarch like the spokes of a wheel concentrating on the hub, and the king's audio-visual will also shine like the sun and the moon, without being blocked or deceived.What has been said above is the reason why the king knows the details and understands the sufferings of the people.
Examples of Wisdom
Emperor Zhaodi of the Han Dynasty was good at distinguishing loyalty from traitors
When Emperor Wudi of the Han Dynasty died, the prince he established was the later Emperor Han Zhaodi, who was only 8 years old.Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was not at ease, so he entrusted him to Huo Guang, Jin Ribei, Shangguan Jie, and Sang Hongyang, four ministers, and asked them to assist Emperor Zhao.Among the four, Huo Guang is the great Sima and the great general, who holds the military and political power of the imperial court and has the highest status.
Huo Guang was an upright man, and he loyally assisted Emperor Zhao of the Han Dynasty to handle state affairs in an orderly manner, so his prestige increased day by day.However, Huo Guang was upright and did not show affection, which offended many people, including Shangguan Jie, Sang Hongyang, Princess Gai and others.
At that time, Yan Wang Liu Dan (Emperor Zhaodi's elder brother) wanted to abolish Emperor Zhao because he did not become emperor, but he was afraid of Huo Guang, so he colluded with Shangguan Jie to plan to get rid of Huo Guang.
Therefore, when Emperor Han Zhao was 14 years old, Shangguan Jie took advantage of the opportunity of the court to let Huo Guang take a vacation, forged a letter written by Liu Dan, and sent someone to pretend to be Liu Dan's envoy, and sent the letter to Emperor Han Zhao.
Emperor Zhao of the Han Dynasty opened the letter and saw that it said: "When Huo Guang went out to inspect the Imperial Forest Army, he used the emperor's special guard of honor without authorization. Moreover, he often did not abide by the law, and without the emperor's approval, he added military officers to the general's mansion without authorization. There are well-documented evidence. He is simply arbitrary and doesn’t care about the emperor at all! I’m worried that he has a conspiracy against the emperor, so I’m willing to resign from the throne and go to the palace to protect the emperor to prevent treacherous officials from making trouble.”
After the letter was sent, Shangguan Jie and others made all preparations, and only waited for Emperor Han Zhao to issue an order before they arrested Huo Guang. Unexpectedly, Emperor Han Zhao remained silent after reading the letter.
The next day, Huo Guang went to court, and when he heard about it, he waited in the side hall for punishment.
Emperor Han Zhao didn't see Huo Guang in the court hall, so he asked, "Where is the general?"
Shangguan Jie replied: "The general didn't dare to come in because he was denounced by King Yan."
So Emperor Zhao of the Han Dynasty sent someone to invite Huo Guang to the palace.Huo Guang came to the front of the hall, took off his hat, and kowtowed to apologize.
Emperor Han Zhao said: "The general just puts on his hat. I know that the letter is fake, and you are not guilty."
Huo Guang was both happy and puzzled, and asked, "How did the emperor know?"
Emperor Han Zhao said: "The general inspected the Imperial Forest Army only in the last few days. It has only been 10 days since the addition of military officers and lieutenants. King Yan is far in the north. How could he know so quickly? If the general wants to make trouble, he doesn't have to Rely on the captain."
Shangguan Jie and others, as well as all civil and military officials, were shocked when they heard this.
Emperor Zhao of the Han Dynasty said again: "You only need to ask the messenger to find out about this matter! However, I think he must have already escaped."
The left and right subordinates hurriedly ordered people to find the messenger, but the messenger ran away.
When one plan failed, Shangguan Jie and others made another plan. They often spoke ill of Huo Guang in front of Emperor Han Zhao.Finally, Emperor Han Zhao was furious and said to them:
"The general is a loyal minister. The late emperor entrusted him to assist me. I will punish anyone who dares to slander the general in the future!"
Shangguan Jie and others saw that this method was not enough, so they conspired to have Princess Gai come forward to invite Huo Guang to drink, and then took the opportunity to kill him, abolish Emperor Han Zhao, and make Yan Wang Liu Dan the emperor.But before their plot could be implemented, they were discovered by Emperor Han Zhao and Huo Guang, and they were all killed.
[Comment and Analysis]
"Master Mingshu" means that only when the monarch has hearing, eyesight, and mind, can he see clearly and not be blinded by the external illusion of things.If Huo Guang met a fatuous emperor, he would have been beheaded already.However, Emperor Zhao accurately calculated from the time in the letter that it was impossible for King Yan to know what happened recently, and he ordered people to track down the person who sent the letter. His purpose of doing this was to intimidate those who framed Huo Guang. half dead.What is even more tragic is that Shangguan Jie and others still did not give up, intending to rebel, and finally ended up decapitated.
Emperor Yongzheng made an example to others
During the reign of Kangxi and Qianlong, the country presented a situation of peace and prosperity.The prosperity of the Kangxi period benefited from Kangxi's good governance of the world. However, in the late Kangxi period, the country has been declining.On the one hand, he was sick in his later years and could not be diligent in politics; on the other hand, the issue of establishing the crown prince caused chaos in the court.Therefore, in the later years of his reign, officials in the DPRK and China gradually neglected politics, and perfunctory, lazy procrastination, corruption and bribery made the officialdom a mess, which spread until the early years of Yongzheng.
After Yongzheng ascended the throne, he was determined to rectify in an all-round way, changing the attitude of dereliction of duty and the passive and lazy style of court ministers.He knew that this style of work had existed for a long time, and it would not be easy to abolish it completely.But if we only publicize some principles to them, I am afraid that we will not get good results.
After much deliberation, Yongzheng felt that it would be better to kill a chicken and show it to the monkeys, which might have a big impact and shock other ministers.But where to find this "chicken"?Soon, Yongzheng found a breakthrough.
One day, Yongzheng asked his subordinates to take back the plaque on the gate of the Ministry of Punishment and hide it behind a screen while others were not paying attention.Then Yongzheng waited patiently to see what the Ministry of Punishment would do.
A day passed, and there was nothing abnormal in the Ministry of Justice.
Two days have passed, and the Criminal Department still acts as if nothing happened.
On the seventh day, Yongzheng could no longer hold his breath.He ordered the officials in charge of the Ministry of Penalties to be summoned.When we met, he suddenly asked:
"Is the big plaque outside your office still in charge?"
The official didn't know what Yongzheng's intention was, so he replied respectfully, "Yes!"
But when they looked up at the emperor, they saw that Yongzheng's face was gloomy. Not knowing what he said wrong, he hurriedly added: "It should be here!" After that, he dared not speak.
Yongzheng waved to the attendants nearby, and the two servants carried the plaque outside the gate of the Ministry of Punishment out from behind the screen.When the official in charge of the Ministry of Punishment saw it, he trembled with fright, and for a moment didn't understand what was going on.
Yongzheng pointed to the plaque placed in the center of the hall, and said sharply:
"This plaque has been here for seven days, but none of you noticed it! You didn't even notice such a big flaw. I don't know how many things you usually neglect! The head of a majestic department has neglected his duties to such an extent, How can you set an example and teach the people below to be diligent in official duties?"
Yongzheng lost his temper, and the head of the criminal department was so frightened that his legs became weak, and he repeatedly kowtowed and bowed his head to plead guilty.He swore an oath in front of the emperor, determined to change his past mistakes, rectify the administration of officials, and improve efficiency.
Yongzheng didn't say anything to other departments, but since the news spread, the handling style of the six departments of the imperial court quickly improved.
[Comment and Analysis]
Faced with perfunctory, lazy procrastination, corruption and bribery and other bad behaviors, Emperor Yongzheng knew that it would be difficult to solve it for a while, so he thought of the trick of killing chickens to show monkeys.This is also a strategy that ancient officials have never tired of doing.why?Because compared with breaking through each one, punishing one as an example has a greater impact, and it saves a lot of time and effort.It can be seen that the brilliance of Emperor Yongzheng lies in his mind.
Emperor Qianlong bought people's hearts
When Emperor Qianlong was in power, he was based on tolerance and benevolence. He always hoped for a peaceful solution to the southern Xinjiang issue, but in the end he had to use military force.
After pacifying Junggar, where should the Hui tribe go?
At first, the Qing Dynasty hoped for a peaceful settlement, and took measures to reduce tribute, grant greater autonomy and preferential policies.But later developments were counterproductive. Because the Hezhuo brothers rebelled and plotted to split, the Qing court had to resort to force.
In the 23rd year of Qianlong's reign, the imperial court appointed Yalhashan as the Jingni general, and led more than [-] Manchu and Han officers and soldiers to Kuqa.Before the crusade, Qianlong issued an edict declaring the crimes of the big and small Hezhuo, and his words were sincere and reasonable, which won the support and support of the common people.
In the decree, it said to the Uighur people:
"Branidun and Huo Jizhan brothers were imprisoned during Galdan's instigation. When we pacified Ili for the first time, we released them and ordered them to be your leaders. The imperial court is about to bestow favor on Hezhuo brothers , When the good land was granted, they did not expect that the two of them would take advantage of the Erut incident and lead the Ili people to flee to Yarkand and Kashgar to support themselves. I thought that the two of them might be afraid of Erut’s harassment. Temporarily avoided to recuperate, so he did not send troops to blame. Later, seeing that the two of them still had no intention of returning, they sent envoys to appease them. Unexpectedly, the two actually killed the envoys and pretended to be Batur Khan. The plot was particularly abominable. "
Emperor Qianlong also said in the decree:
"I thought that if the imperial court let it go and did not capture the main culprit, then the people of the Hui nationality would not live in peace. Therefore, a large army was sent out to punish the crime. This time, the division was only for Huo Jizhan. Because I heard that Huo Jizhan's uprising advocated Branitown was forced to follow suit, so I ordered them to be dealt with separately. Brothers like Zhuo and Zhuo are close relatives, and I will deal with it according to the severity of the circumstances, not to mention that you are not involved at all, so there is no reason to be implicated. ? I will not kill innocent people like you and rebels together."
The decree concluded by saying:
"If you offer Huo Ji Zhan Huo, you will live and work in peace and contentment, and enjoy the special kindness forever. If you are obsessed with obsession and follow the instructions of the rebels, when the soldiers arrive, you will no longer distinguish between good and evil, and they will all be wiped out. It's too late to regret! Hope! You think carefully about the benefits and the disadvantages, so don't waste your life."
From this decree, we can clearly see Qianlong's basic strategy of conforming to public opinion.In the decree, Emperor Qianlong aimed at the very few and protected the majority based on reason.On the one hand, he accused the Hezhuo brothers of being ungrateful, especially Huo Jizhan, and affirmed the justification for this conquest; .Ordinary people, even Dahe Zhuobranidun will be lenient.
The release of this decree is conducive to disintegrating the will of the rebels, dividing their internal cohesion, and laying a solid foundation for the final pacification of the size of the Hui tribe and the victory of the Zhuo rebellion.
[Comment and Analysis]
In the process of suppressing the size and Zhuo rebellion, Qianlong analyzed the pros and cons from the perspective of judging the situation.In order to seek advantages and avoid disadvantages, he not only treats rebels with tolerance, but also achieves the best results with the smallest investment, which can be described as getting twice the result with half the effort.Its success is inseparable from Emperor Qianlong's keen observation, correct judgment and wise decision.
The decree issued by Qianlong not only relieved the worries and worries of the people, but also greatly encouraged the determination of the oppressed people to resist, and achieved the purpose of dividing the enemy camp, winning over the Uighur people, and reducing the resistance of the march.It can be said that the role of this decree is no less than that of a simple military march, laying the foundation for the final victory.
The art of listening, don't insist and refuse
[Original text]
The art of listening says: Don't be firm and refuse.If you allow it, you will defend it, if you refuse it, you will block it.The high mountains can be raised up extremely, and the depth of the abyss can be measured.The gods' hearing skills are calm and quiet, which is extremely rare!The right master listens.
【Translation】
The way to accept other people's advice is: don't be stubborn and reject the other party.Take advice, and the people will support and defend the king; refuse to speak, and the king will close his eyes and listen.Although the peak is high above, you can see its apex when you look up; although the abyss is unfathomable, you can still know its depth by measuring.The king of the gods, his ability to listen to words is upright and quiet, profound and mysterious, and unfathomable.What has been said above is the reason why the king accepts advice and corrects the audience.
Examples of Wisdom
Listen to advice with an open mind and become the overlord
In 636 BC, Prince Jin returned home and became the king of the country, he was Duke Wen of Jin.After he became a king, he began to conscript the people, organize the army, and train for combat.Two years later, Jin Wengong planned to use the trained people to dominate the princes.
The minister Zifa dissuaded him and said: "Although the people have been trained and are strong, they still don't understand righteousness, they haven't been able to occupy their positions, and they can't use them."
Jin Wengong thought it was reasonable, so he tried to make the people understand righteousness.At this time, the "Uncle Zhao's Difficulty" occurred in the Zhou Dynasty.
Uncle Zhao was the son of King Hui of Zhou. He conspired with his elder brother Di Kui, the queen of Xiang, to rebel. When King Xiang found out, he deposed Di Wei.This incident offended Di Kui's natal family, and they sent heavy troops to attack the Zhou Dynasty, and King Xiang of Zhou was forced to flee to Zheng State.
The Zhou Dynasty was nominally the suzerain of the vassal states at that time, and Jin Wengong decided to help King Zhou Xiang return to the Zhou Dynasty and use this matter to educate the people of the Jin State.
He sent two armies left and right, the right army attacked Uncle Zhao, and the left army went to Zheng Guo to welcome King Zhou Xiang back to his country.After the event was completed, King Zhou Xiang welcomed Duke Wen of Jin with the etiquette of the emperor in recognition of his contributions.
Duke Wen of Jin declined, saying: "This is a matter for my subordinates."
After helping King Xiang to return to the country, he returned to the country to devote himself to making things easier for the people so that they could live and work in peace and contentment.He thinks that the common people can be used.
Zi-off came out again and said, "Although the people understand righteousness, they still don't know what faith is, so they can't use it yet."
After hearing this, Duke Wen of Jin thought it made sense.
He led the army to attack Yuanguo and ordered the soldiers to carry three days' rations.The army besieged the city of Yuanguo for three whole days, and the soldiers ran out of food, but the people of Yuanguo still held on to the city.So Jin Wengong ordered the troops to retreat. Just as the Jin army had just retreated, spies came out of the city and reported: "Yuanguo is ready to surrender."
Some people advocate holding on and waiting for the original country to surrender.Duke Wen of Jin resolutely said: "When I brought three days of military rations, I was planning to attack for three days; now that I have ordered the withdrawal of troops, I should keep my word. If you don't retreat, even if you get the original country, you will lose credit. Which one is more profitable? ?”
Because Duke Wen of Jin used his attack on the original country to educate the people to know the letter, the domestic people's morals changed drastically, and everything was based on the letter.
After finishing all this, Duke Wen of Jin asked Zi Zuo, "Is it all right this time?"
Zi-off replied: "Although the people know faith and righteousness, they don't know etiquette, they haven't cultivated humility yet."
Therefore, Jin Wengong worked hard to let the people know the etiquette.He held a grand military parade, and every link was performed according to military etiquette, so that the people could see the etiquette; he also stipulated the ranks and responsibilities of the officials, so that the people knew what etiquette should be followed for which officials.Not only that, but the common people also know to judge the right and wrong of a matter according to Li Li.At this time, Zi Zuo smiled and said, "You can use the people."
Therefore, Jin Wengong began to attack Cao, attack Wei, obtained the land of Qi, defeated the Chu army in Chengpu, and became one of the five overlords in the Spring and Autumn Period.
[Comment and Analysis]
"Master's Listening Technique" talks about how the monarch listens to and accepts the advice of his courtiers on the basis of being aware of the details.Jin Wengong, one of the Five Overlords in the Spring and Autumn Period, always wanted to dominate, but he did not rush forward. Instead, he humbly followed the suggestion of Zi Zuo three times and spared no effort to complete it.As a result, not only educated people to understand faith, but also made people understand etiquette, and Jin finally became one of the five hegemons in the Spring and Autumn Period.
Sincerely seek admonishment to cultivate morality
During the Warring States period, Wei Wenhou, the king of the state of Wei, heard that Wu Qi was honest and fair, good at using soldiers, and was highly respected by soldiers. He worshiped Wu Qi as the prefect of Xihe (the name of Wei County, which is located on the west bank of the Yellow River in eastern Shaanxi today) to resist Qin and South Korea. invasion.
After Wei Wenhou died, Wu Qi continued to assist his son Wei Wuhou.
In 395 BC, Marquis Wu came to Xihe, took a boat down the river, and inspected the terrain.On the way, Marquis Wu was deeply moved when he saw the high mountains and great rivers, and he turned his head and said to Wu Qi:
"Surrounded by mountains and rivers, the situation is dangerous. It's like a line of defense that only one man guards the gate, and ten thousand men can't open it. It prevents the enemy from invading. This is really an honor for Wei Guo!"
After hearing this, Wu Qi shook his head and advised Marquis Wu:
"The prosperity and decline of a country is not in the danger of mountains and rivers in Germany."
Seeing that Wu Qi disagreed with him, Marquis Wu asked:
"What is the reason for this?"
Therefore, Wu Qi cited the examples of many countries in history with dangerous mountains and rivers, but they did not pay attention to governing the country, did not show kindness to the people, and eventually failed.
He also advised Marquis Wu, saying:
"The prosperity and decline of a country lies in whether it is virtuous to the people. It cannot only rely on the steepness of the mountains and rivers. In the past, the place where the Sanmiao family (the name of the ancient tribe according to legend) lived had Dongting Lake on the left and Poyang Lake on the right. The terrain is dangerous. But He was destroyed by Xia Yu (the leader of the ancient tribal alliance according to legend) because he had no moral words and no faith. The residence of Jie, the last monarch of the Xia Dynasty, had the Yellow River and Jishui on the left, Mount Tai and Huashan on the right, Taihang Mountain to the north, and Mount Hua to the south. Longmen Mountain has a more dangerous terrain, but it was defeated by Shang Tang due to lack of benevolent government. The capital of the last King Zhou of the Shang Dynasty leaned on Mengmen Mountain on the left, Taihang Mountain on the right, Hengshan Mountain in the north, and the Yellow River in the south. It was also due to political corruption. If you don’t govern virtuously, you will be destroyed by Zhou. Judging from these facts, governing the country lies in having good policies and laws and giving kindness to the people, not in the danger of the terrain! If you don’t govern virtuously, the people on board may be you enemy."
After hearing this, Marquis Wu said with admiration:
"you are right."
Because Marquis Wu of Wei received advice in time, cultivated moral government internally, trained strong troops externally, and supported Wu Qi's reform and reform of the military system, he thus established an elite and brave "Wei military soldiers" to rule the roost.
[Comment and Analysis]
A wise monarch is not only good at accepting advice, but also not ashamed to ask others, in order to continuously improve himself.Wei Wuhou humbly sought advice from Wu Qi to explore various factors that affect the changes and development of things, which shows his sincere heart to seek talents.Guanzi once said: "There is no world without ministers, and there is no monarch to make it;Therefore, only when the talents of the subordinates can be fully displayed can they be regarded as useful talents.Marquis Wu of Wei received advice in a timely manner and practiced virtue internally, which shows that he is a generation of Mingjun who is good at accepting advice.
Don't listen to advice
Bian Que was a famous doctor in ancient times. One day he went to see Marquis Cai Huan. After carefully examining the complexion of Marquis Huan, he said, "Your Majesty, you are sick. Now the disease is only on the surface of the skin. Treat it quickly, it will be cured easily."
Cai Huanhou said disapprovingly, "I'm not sick, so I don't need you to treat me!" After Bian Que left, he said to his left and right: "These doctors want to treat people who are not sick all day long, so that they can be treated in this way." Prove your medical skills."
Ten days later, Bian Que went to visit Cai Huanhou again.He said anxiously: "Your disease has developed into the muscles, and you need to be treated immediately!" Huan Hou tilted his head and said, "I'm not sick at all!" After Bian Que left, he was very unhappy.
Ten days later, Bian Que went to visit Cai Huanhou again, and said even more anxiously: "Your Majesty, your illness has already entered the stomach and intestines, so you can't delay any longer!" Huanhou still shook his head again and again: "Damn, what's wrong with me? "After Bian Que left, he became even more unhappy.
After another 10 days, Bian Que went to see Marquis Cai Huan again. After meeting, he only took one look, then turned around and left.Huan Hou was very puzzled, so he sent someone to ask him.Bian Que said: "Don't be afraid of being sick, as long as you treat it in time, it will be cured; if you are sick and say you are not sick, you will not accept treatment. If the disease is in the skin, it can be cured with hot compresses; if it is in the muscles, it can be cured with acupuncture and moxibustion. It is cured; the disease is in the intestines and stomach, and it can be cured with decoction. But now the king’s disease has penetrated into the bone marrow, and the disease is so serious that he can only resign himself to fate. Therefore, I dare not ask him to be treated again."
Soon, Cai Huanhou's illness really broke out.He sent someone to invite Bian Que, but Bian Que had already left.Within a few days, he died.
[Comment and Analysis]
As the saying goes: "Good medicine is good for the disease, and good advice is good for the ear." If you are stubborn, do not listen to the advice of experienced people, and only believe in your own subjective judgment, you will definitely fail.Cai Huanhou refused to listen to Bian Que's good advice, and as a result he died of a critical illness.Of course, in addition to paying attention to listening to other people's opinions and suggestions, you must also sum up your own experience in a timely manner, so as to "learn a lesson, gain wisdom", and stop making similar mistakes, which is also a rare gain.
Fu Jian refused to remonstrate and defeated Feishui
At the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, the north and the south were divided.In the south, Sima Rui proclaimed himself emperor in Jiankang and established the Eastern Jin Dynasty; the former Qin regime.In 357 A.D., Fu Jian came to the throne. He reused Han intellectuals and implemented a series of reform measures, which to a certain extent enabled the former Qin Dynasty to realize the situation of military strength and national prosperity.
On this basis, Fu Jian actively expanded his influence outwards and initially unified the northern region.Then attack Jiangnan in an attempt to unify the north and the south.In August of the eighth year of Taiyuan (383) in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Fu Jian personally led an army of one million, marched by land and water, and attacked Jin in the south.The Eastern Jin Dynasty was determined to rise up and resist when a powerful enemy oppressed the country and faced the critical moment of life and death.On the one hand, they alleviated internal conflicts; on the other hand, they actively deployed troops and formulated correct strategic and tactical guidelines to resist the invasion of the former Qin army.
On October 8000th, Fu Rong led the forward of the former Qin army to capture Shouyang, and Murongchui's troops captured Yuncheng, and then attacked Xiashi.Hu Bin was trapped in Xiashi, lacking in food and grass, unable to support himself, so he wrote to ask Xie Shi for help.However, this letter was intercepted by the former Qin army. Fu Jian decided to march in quickly to prevent the Jin army from escaping, so he left the large army in Kancheng, led [-] cavalry to Shouyang, and dispatched the former Eastern Jin Xiangyang guard Zhu Zhu Xu went to the Jin army to persuade him to surrender.After Zhu Xu arrived at the Jin army's camp, instead of persuading him to surrender, he informed Xie Shi and others about the situation of the former Qin army, and suggested that Xie Shi take advantage of the opportunity when the former Qin army's troops were not yet concentrated, and take the initiative to attack.
Xie Shi changed his combat policy in time, decided to switch from defense to offense, and sent Liu Jianzhi to lead 5000 elite troops to Luojian quickly to meet the former Qin Liang in formation.Liu Laozhi defeated Liang Cheng and won the Luojian encounter, which suppressed the advance of the former Qin army and greatly boosted the morale of the Jin army.Xie Shi took the opportunity to order all the troops to advance by land and water, and approached the former Qin army.Standing on the city of Shouyang, Fu Jian saw that the Jin army was well organized, and saw the grass and trees on Bagong Mountain to the east of Feishui River. He thought it was a Jin army, and felt fearful in his heart, and said to Fu Rong: "This They are obviously strong enemies, how do you say they are vulnerable?"
After the former Qin army failed in the battle of Luojian, they formed formations along the west bank of Feishui River in an attempt to calmly fight the Jin army.Xie Xuan knew that his army was weak, which was good for a quick decision and not good for a long-lasting one, so he sent an envoy to urge General Fu Rong to say: "The general led the army deep into the Jin territory, but deployed along the Fei River. This is to fight a protracted war, not a quick one. A quick solution. Wouldn’t it be great if you could let the former Qin soldiers retreat a bit later to free up a place for the Jin army to cross the Feishui River and have a showdown between the two armies?”
All the generals of the former Qin army believed that this was a trick of the Jin army and advised Fu Jian not to be fooled.But Fu Jian said: "Just lead the troops back a little, wait for half of them to cross the river, and half of them to cross the river, and then use the elite cavalry to charge and kill them, and then we can win." So Fu Rong agreed to Xie Xuan's request and commanded the Qin army. withdraw.The former Qin army had low morale, internal instability, chaotic formation, and poor command. This withdrawal caused chaos.Zhu Xu took the opportunity to shout from behind the front of the Qin army: "The Qin army is defeated! The Qin army is defeated!" The former Qin army believed it and ran wildly, scrambling for their lives.
Under the command of Xie Xuan, the Eastern Jin army took advantage of the momentum to cross the Fei River and launched a fierce attack.Fu Rong was killed, and the former Qin army collapsed across the board, completely losing combat effectiveness. The Jin army took advantage of the victory and pursued until they reached Qinggang.The former Qin soldiers and horses stepped on each other and died, all over the mountains and fields, blocking the river.The living people heard the noise of the wind and panicked, thinking that the Jin soldiers were chasing them, and fled northward desperately.In the Battle of Feishui, nine out of ten of the former Qin army were wiped out, and Fu Jian himself was wounded by an arrow and fled to Huaibei in a panic.
[Comment and Analysis]
When Fu Jian was in power, he worked hard to govern, not only created the prosperity of the former Qin Dynasty, but also unified the north. He was relatively powerful among the minority regimes.However, it is a pity that he was too fond of great achievements and advocating force, and because of his self-willedness, he could not listen to the suggestions of his officials with an open mind, which eventually led to the defeat of Feishui and his hatred through the ages.
Use rewards to value letters, use punishments to value righteousness
[Original text]
Use rewards to value credit, use punishment to value righteousness.To reward your letter, you must verify what your ears and eyes have seen and heard.Those who are not seen or heard are all darkened.Sincerity is as good as the gods in the world, but what's more, the traitor is a king.Right main prize.
The first is called heaven, the second is called earth, and the third is called human.In all directions, up and down, left and right, front and back, where is the place of confusion?asked the right master.
The heart is the rule of the nine orifices, and the king is the leader of the five sense organs.Those who are good will be rewarded by the king, and those who are wrong will be punished by the king.You ask for it because of it, and you don't work because you give it to it.The sage uses it, so he can grasp it.Because of reasoning, solid energy can last for a long time.Right main cause.
The owner is indispensable.If the master is not in order, the officials will be in chaos.The home is impermanent, the inside and the outside are blocked, how can you know what to open?If the opening and closing are not good, the original will not be seen.Right main week.
One is Changmu, the other is Feier, and the third is Shuming.Thousands of miles away, in the dark, it is said that the world is treacherous, and there is no secret change.Right Master Congratulations.
Follow the name to act, and the reality will end in peace; the name and reality are born together, and the opposite is love.Therefore, it is said: Fame is born of reality, reality is born of reason, reason is born of virtue of name and reality, virtue is born of harmony, and harmony is born of appropriateness.Right main name.
【Translation】
When the king rewards his subjects, the most important thing is to keep his word; when he punishes, the most important thing is to be impartial.Rewards and bestowments are based on sticking to credit, which must be verified by the actual situation that has been heard and seen. Even if the situation has not been heard and seen, it will naturally be recognized and accepted by the people in a subtle way.If rewards and trustworthiness can be achieved, punishments can be just, so that the king's virtue can spread freely in the world, and if there are gods to protect him, then how can treacherous people succeed in their attempts to harm the king?The above is the principle that kings must keep their promises when rewarding them.
One is to know the time from above, the other is to know the location from below, and the third is to know the harmony of people.In this way, the four directions, up and down, left and right, front and back, all kinds of factors are well understood, so where can the glamorous star, which symbolizes good and bad luck, exist?The above is the principle that the king should not be ashamed to ask his subordinates, and grasp the timing, location, and harmony of people.
The heart is the master of the operation of the nine orifices, and the king is the leader of the five sense organs.The king will reward the subjects who do good deeds; the king will punish the subjects who do evil deeds.The king carefully considers the rewards or punishments according to the specific situation of the administration of the officials, so that he will not spend a lot of effort, and he will avoid the resentment of laboring the people and wasting money.The sage uses this method, so he can master them.Only by making the best use of the situation and following the principles can the national destiny be prosperous and lasting.What has been said above is the principle that the king follows the rules and governs his subjects.
As a king, one must think carefully and thoroughly, dabble in all the truths in the world, if he is not careful and well-versed in human affairs and world affairs, then the officials will be in turmoil.If there is constant turmoil in the country, and the officials are in charge of impermanence, then the ruler and ministers cannot communicate with each other. How can we know the opening and closing, the rise and fall of everything in the world?If you are not good at using the art of opening and closing, you will not be able to see the origin of things.The above is the reason why the king must be well versed in the affairs of the world and think carefully.
As a king, you must first have long eyes, that is, see everything with the eyes of the people in the world; second, you must have flying ears, that is, use the ears of the people in the world to hear sounds; Insight into everything.If it is thousands of miles away, hidden in the faint subtlety, it is called a "hole".There is no treacherous person in the world who does not secretly abandon evil and do good, and change his past.What is said here is the principle that a king should have hearing, eyesight, and heart.
If the king acts according to his name and acts according to the facts, everything will be safe.When name and reality support each other, the reverse will exist logically.Therefore, the proper name is born in practice, and practice is born in reason, and reason is born in morality worthy of the name, morality is born in peace, and peace is born in everything is appropriate.What has been said above is the reason why the monarch must be appropriate and follow the name.
Examples of Wisdom
Punish people to save the capital city
During the Warring States period, in winter, people near the south gate of the capital of the State of Lu would go hunting in the reed marshes.Due to the suitable humidity there, there are fertile weeds growing, and countless fish and shrimps are playing.Many birds and beasts also inhabit this treasured land of geomantic omen and live a comfortable life.
People say that the meat of the animals here is not only delicious, but also the fur can be sold for money, so there is an endless stream of people coming here to hunt.One day, for the benefit of the moment, someone set a fire to hunt and kill prey.Taking advantage of the wind, the fire quickly spread, and it was about to reach the capital, but no one put out the fire, and everyone was still happily chasing the fleeing animals.
When Duke Ai of Lu heard the news of the fire in the palace, he was shocked and sent people to put out the fire.But the people who were sent also followed the crowd to chase the prey that escaped from the sea of fire.Seeing the mess, Duke Ai of Lu was at a loss, worried that if the delay continued, the capital would be reduced to ashes.
At this time, a minister in the palace said: "In such a critical situation, we have not set any rewards and punishments. Of course they are not willing to take the risk of putting out the fire. What's more, taking the opportunity to kill prey is not only profitable, but also interesting. There is a rush. It is inevitable that this will happen.”
Duke Ai of Lu was anxious. Hearing these words, Mao Sai suddenly understood, and passed down an order that all those who put out the fire are those who have made contributions to saving the capital, and they will definitely be rewarded heavily!
The minister hurriedly said: "This is not good. It is a mess now. It is not clear who is fighting the fire and who is chasing the prey. As for whose contribution is greater and which is less, there is no way to judge. Besides, there is another important problem, Now that there are so many people, it is really not worthwhile to use so much wealth to reward!"
Duke Ai of Lu thought it was right, and began to worry again, saying, "Then what should we do?"
The minister replied: "Since rewards are not enough, why not punish? We can stipulate that those who hunt and kill prey are regarded as dereliction of duty, and those who do not put out fires are equivalent to deserters on the battlefield. If they are found, no matter who they are, they must be punished by military discipline. Punishment without leaving any sympathy! In this way, the goal can be achieved without spending a penny. What do you think?"
Duke Ai of Lu was full of praise when he heard it, and immediately sent an order to go down.All the people present were frightened and put out the fire one after another.Some took off their clothes to put out the flames, some took tools to cut off the fire spreading around, and some shoveled soil to cover the ashes that were about to re-ignite.After a while, the fire was extinguished.
[Comment and Analysis]
The "master reward technique" refers to how the monarch uses rewards and punishments to motivate others to serve him.Duke Ai of Lu adopted the method of rewards and punishments for the ministers in the palace. His success lies in the timing. Through the analysis of the objects to be used, he grasped people's fear of being punished. People's hearts, put out the fire.It can be seen that clear rewards and punishments can not only be followed as a system, but also can be used by oneself as a flexible means.
Recruit talents and build gold platform
After the Yan State was defeated by the Qi State, the monarch died soon, and the crown prince succeeded him as King Yan Zhao.When he was cleaning up the dilapidated Yan State, he decided to hire talented people with generous gifts, and prepared to avenge the defeat of Qi.
He said to his counselor Guo Wei:
"Qi State took advantage of our civil strife and defeated us. Now, our Yan State is weak and unable to take revenge. Therefore, it is my greatest wish to get a wise person to discuss state affairs with me and to shame King Xue. You How do you think we can recruit talented people? How can we make the country of Yan prosper and defeat the country of Qi?"
Guo Kui said:
"A monarch who has achieved imperial success takes the sage as his teacher, a monarch who achieves the king's career takes the sage as his friend, a monarch who achieves hegemony takes the sage as his subject, and a monarch who loses his country takes the humble villain as his subject."
"If you treat sages with respect, you can recruit talents a hundred times more than yourself; if you work before others, rest after others, ask others for advice, and then meditate deeply, then you can recruit talents ten times more than yourself. If you work as hard as others and treat others equally, then you can attract talents with similar talents as yourself; if you are arrogant towards people, get angry and scold at will, you can only attract slaves This is the experience and lessons from ancient times! If your majesty really wants to appoint a wide range of sages, you should visit them in person and let the people of the world know that your majesty personally visits your sages. Then all the sages in the world will definitely come to the country of Yan Come."
After hearing what Guo Wei said, King Yan Zhao asked, "Who should I visit first?"
Guo Kai said: "Let me tell you a story first. In ancient times, there was a king who wanted to buy a thousand-mile horse with a thousand pieces of gold, but he couldn't buy it for three years. A waiter in the palace said to the king: "Please let me buy a thousand-mile horse!" The king So he sent him there. Three months later, the man found the Chollima, but the horse was dead. So he bought the horse bone with 500 gold and came back to report to the king. The king was furious: "What I want to buy is How can you buy a dead horse with 500 gold for a live horse?" The waiter replied calmly: "It takes 500 gold to buy a dead horse, let alone a live horse? Everyone in the world thinks that if the king really wants to buy a horse, the Chollima will give it to him soon. Come.' Sure enough, within a year, three thousand-mile horses came to our door."
Guo Kui then said to King Yanzhao: "If your majesty wants to recruit talents, please start with me. Even if I am appointed, let alone someone who is more talented than me?"
King Yan Zhao obeyed Guo Wei's words, built a high platform, worshiped Guo Wei as his teacher, and built a golden platform to wait for the sages.All of a sudden, talents like Le Yi, Zou Yan, and Ju Xin rushed from their own country to the country of Yan.
After more than 20 years of hard work by many sages and wise men, Yan State has finally become stronger, and the combat effectiveness of the army has also been greatly enhanced.So King Yan Zhao appointed Le Yi as the general, and jointly planned to attack Qi with Qin, Chu and the three Jins.After several battles, the Qi army was defeated, King Qi Jin fled abroad, and King Yan Zhao finally avenged the defeat of Qi.
[Comment and Analysis]
Under the heavy reward, there must be a brave man.King Yan Zhao used money to recruit talents, and finally made Yan strong and avenged the defeat of Qi.There are three reasons for his success: first, he is good at employing people, and he first thinks of recruiting talents with generous gifts; Nashi, so that talents can make the best use of them.
【Wisdom summary】
The original meaning of "Fu" refers to the tokens used by the ancient court to convey orders and dispatch troops, with words related to use engraved on it. The "fuyan" here is extended to the motto issued by the monarch, so this article focuses on a set of strategies designed for the monarch to govern the country and govern the people.How to govern the world, command hundreds of officials, and how to possess the qualities that a king of a country should have are all reflected in the text.
This article describes the nine aspects that the king should do: the main position, the main understanding, the main listening, the main reward, the main question, the main cause, the main week, the main respect, and the main name. "Main position art" refers to the monarch should have an indifferent and tranquil state of mind and a well-thought-out demeanor of king; Listening technique" refers to how the monarch listens to and adopts other people's opinions. The correct approach should be to open up the way of speaking and collect opinions from all the people; clear; "Master's Inquiry Technique" refers to how the monarch can understand all aspects of the situation comprehensively and objectively, and requires the monarch to have the spirit of being diligent, studious, and not ashamed to ask questions; Make the best use of the situation and follow the principles; "Zhu Zhou Shu" refers to how the monarch should communicate well with his ministers and act carefully, so as to make the words flow smoothly and conduct things normally; In order to make oneself close to virtuous ministers and far away from villains, the requirement is to be deaf, eyesight, and spiritual; "master name art" refers to how the monarch uses appropriate methods to make his "name" and "truth" perfect. Combined, the relationship between the two is to follow the name and seek the truth, and to determine the name according to the fact.
This article talks about the way of governing that the monarch should master. Not only does it not involve the Confucian theory of equality between the monarch and his subjects, nor the legalist relationship between the monarch and his subjects as tigers and wolves. Instead, it focuses on how to use tactics to control subjects. To maintain their own rule, this is the peculiarity of this article.
(End of this chapter)
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