government theory
Chapter 2 On Patriarchy and Kingship
Chapter 2 On Patriarchy and Kingship (1)
6. "Man is not born free" was Sir Robert Filmer's key thesis on which his absolute monarchy rested.On this basis, the absolute monarchy is lifted to a very high level, so that its power is above all powers, it can be said to "hold its head high above the sky"; it is higher than everything in the world, reaching the unimaginable to such a degree that not even the oath binding the infinite gods could confine it.When this foundation crumbles, his whole structure crumbles with it, and government remains formed only by the deliberation and consent of those who by their own reason unite into a society.To prove this important point, he tells us that "people are born subject to their parents" and therefore cannot be free.He called this authority from parents "royalty", "paternal authority" or "right of fatherhood".In such a work, which determines the authority of the prince and the obedience of the subjects, we always expect him to tell us clearly at the beginning what patriarchy is.
Although in his other papers, he told us that "it is unlimited and cannot be restricted", and did not restrict it, we think it should be defined, at least he should make such a Explain, so that we can have a complete concept when we see words like "fatherhood" or "fatherhood" in his works.I had expected to find such an explanation in his "On the Patriarchs" Chapter 1, but he did not do so, but first paid homage to the mystery of the emperor.Second, he extolled the "rights and liberties enjoyed by this country or any other" that he was prepared to criticize and destroy.And third, a salute to scholars who don't see as far as he does on this issue.After this, he launched an attack on the Bellarmin, and with the victory came the establishment of what he called "fatherhood" without a doubt.
Since Bellarmin had admitted that he was beaten and the situation was settled, there was no need to mobilize more troops; therefore, after he completed this matter, I never saw him explain the problem again, nor did I see him He collected no evidence to prove his opinion, but told us at will the story of this strange and imperious phantom called "Fatherhood", and said that whoever can catch this phantom will immediately gain the whole empire and Unlimited absolute power.He endeavors to convince us how this patriarchy began with Adam and continued, keeping the world peaceful throughout the patriarchal period; it followed Noah and his sons out of the ark at the time of the Flood, and upheld and sustained man. All the kings of the world; when the Israelites were enslaved in Egypt, the poor patriarchal power was suppressed, and finally "God gave the Israelites kings, and re-established in the patriarchal right. an ancient and important right.This is his account on pages 15 to 19 of his book.Next, "in order to confirm the natural right of kingship," he refuted an objection with an incomplete reason, overcame a difficulty or two, and concluded Chapter 1.God says, "Honor thy father and mother," and our author quotes only half of it in the book, and since "thy mother" is of little use to his purpose, he simply omits it.I hope I don't hurt myself by calling his out-of-context citation an incomplete rationale.More on this point elsewhere.
7.I thought our author was not so new to writing treatises of this nature, nor was he so careless about the subject under discussion, yet he committed the mistake he made in his book "Anarchy of Mixed Monarchies" by inadvertence. Against the error pointed out by Mr. Handon in the book, he said: "I reproach the author, first of all, that he has not given us any general definition or explanation of monarchy, because according to the rules of method, he should first write the following. Definition." By the same rule of methodology, Sir Robert need not first tell us who has paternal authority and make a fuss about it, but he should first tell us what he meant by "fatherhood" or "paternal authority." what is it.But if he had given us sketches of the whole theory in the grand form of his own imagination, perhaps he would have found that this "authority of the father," this power of the father and the king (he confuses the two), would appear It is a very strange and terrible appearance, which is very different from the children's imagined parents or the subjects' imagined king.Therefore, like a scrupulous physician, when he wants to swallow some bitter or caustic potion, he mixes it with a large amount of something that will dilute it, so that the patient can swallow the diluted liquid. The medicine will not feel much, nor will it cause nausea.
8.Let us now try to find out what the accounts of the "authority of the father" which are scattered here and there in his writings say.When he first spoke of Adam's paternity, he said: "By right of fatherhood, not only Adam, but the successor patriarchs also had kingship over their offspring." "Adam received by divine ordinance This power over the whole world, and to subsequent fathers by rights descended to them, is as extensive as the absolute dominion of any prince since the foundation of the world." "He has power over life and death." The right to declare war and make peace." "Adam and his ancestors have the absolute power of life and death." "Kings exercise the highest authority according to parental succession." "Since kingship comes from God's law, it is not subject to any lower law. Adam is lord of all." "A father of a family rules by his own will alone, and by no other law." "The prince is superior to the law." "In the Book of Samuel, The unlimited jurisdiction of the king has been amply explained." "The king is above the law." For the above purpose, look again at the many other words our author expresses in Bodin's words: "There is no doubt that for All laws, privileges, and conferments of sovereigns, and privileges in particular, are only in force during the lifetime of the original sovereign, unless the succeeding sovereign gives his assent to it in express form, or ratifies it in a form of toleration.” When the king is busy with war, or is imprisoned by public affairs, and cannot make everyone come into contact with him in order to consult his will and desires, it is necessary to create laws so that each subject can know them from the content of the law. The will of the prince, that is why the king makes the laws." "In a monarchical state the king must be above the law." "A perfect kingdom is one in which the king rules according to his own will."" Neither custom nor statute can and cannot diminish the general power which kings have over their people by right as fathers." "Adam was father, king, and lord of his family; A son, a subject, a servant, or a slave are all the same thing. The father has the power to dispose of or sell his son or daughter or slave, so we see that in the Bible, when the goods are first counted, the male servant and the female servant are It is counted as the property and property of the owner, just like other goods."
(End of this chapter)
6. "Man is not born free" was Sir Robert Filmer's key thesis on which his absolute monarchy rested.On this basis, the absolute monarchy is lifted to a very high level, so that its power is above all powers, it can be said to "hold its head high above the sky"; it is higher than everything in the world, reaching the unimaginable to such a degree that not even the oath binding the infinite gods could confine it.When this foundation crumbles, his whole structure crumbles with it, and government remains formed only by the deliberation and consent of those who by their own reason unite into a society.To prove this important point, he tells us that "people are born subject to their parents" and therefore cannot be free.He called this authority from parents "royalty", "paternal authority" or "right of fatherhood".In such a work, which determines the authority of the prince and the obedience of the subjects, we always expect him to tell us clearly at the beginning what patriarchy is.
Although in his other papers, he told us that "it is unlimited and cannot be restricted", and did not restrict it, we think it should be defined, at least he should make such a Explain, so that we can have a complete concept when we see words like "fatherhood" or "fatherhood" in his works.I had expected to find such an explanation in his "On the Patriarchs" Chapter 1, but he did not do so, but first paid homage to the mystery of the emperor.Second, he extolled the "rights and liberties enjoyed by this country or any other" that he was prepared to criticize and destroy.And third, a salute to scholars who don't see as far as he does on this issue.After this, he launched an attack on the Bellarmin, and with the victory came the establishment of what he called "fatherhood" without a doubt.
Since Bellarmin had admitted that he was beaten and the situation was settled, there was no need to mobilize more troops; therefore, after he completed this matter, I never saw him explain the problem again, nor did I see him He collected no evidence to prove his opinion, but told us at will the story of this strange and imperious phantom called "Fatherhood", and said that whoever can catch this phantom will immediately gain the whole empire and Unlimited absolute power.He endeavors to convince us how this patriarchy began with Adam and continued, keeping the world peaceful throughout the patriarchal period; it followed Noah and his sons out of the ark at the time of the Flood, and upheld and sustained man. All the kings of the world; when the Israelites were enslaved in Egypt, the poor patriarchal power was suppressed, and finally "God gave the Israelites kings, and re-established in the patriarchal right. an ancient and important right.This is his account on pages 15 to 19 of his book.Next, "in order to confirm the natural right of kingship," he refuted an objection with an incomplete reason, overcame a difficulty or two, and concluded Chapter 1.God says, "Honor thy father and mother," and our author quotes only half of it in the book, and since "thy mother" is of little use to his purpose, he simply omits it.I hope I don't hurt myself by calling his out-of-context citation an incomplete rationale.More on this point elsewhere.
7.I thought our author was not so new to writing treatises of this nature, nor was he so careless about the subject under discussion, yet he committed the mistake he made in his book "Anarchy of Mixed Monarchies" by inadvertence. Against the error pointed out by Mr. Handon in the book, he said: "I reproach the author, first of all, that he has not given us any general definition or explanation of monarchy, because according to the rules of method, he should first write the following. Definition." By the same rule of methodology, Sir Robert need not first tell us who has paternal authority and make a fuss about it, but he should first tell us what he meant by "fatherhood" or "paternal authority." what is it.But if he had given us sketches of the whole theory in the grand form of his own imagination, perhaps he would have found that this "authority of the father," this power of the father and the king (he confuses the two), would appear It is a very strange and terrible appearance, which is very different from the children's imagined parents or the subjects' imagined king.Therefore, like a scrupulous physician, when he wants to swallow some bitter or caustic potion, he mixes it with a large amount of something that will dilute it, so that the patient can swallow the diluted liquid. The medicine will not feel much, nor will it cause nausea.
8.Let us now try to find out what the accounts of the "authority of the father" which are scattered here and there in his writings say.When he first spoke of Adam's paternity, he said: "By right of fatherhood, not only Adam, but the successor patriarchs also had kingship over their offspring." "Adam received by divine ordinance This power over the whole world, and to subsequent fathers by rights descended to them, is as extensive as the absolute dominion of any prince since the foundation of the world." "He has power over life and death." The right to declare war and make peace." "Adam and his ancestors have the absolute power of life and death." "Kings exercise the highest authority according to parental succession." "Since kingship comes from God's law, it is not subject to any lower law. Adam is lord of all." "A father of a family rules by his own will alone, and by no other law." "The prince is superior to the law." "In the Book of Samuel, The unlimited jurisdiction of the king has been amply explained." "The king is above the law." For the above purpose, look again at the many other words our author expresses in Bodin's words: "There is no doubt that for All laws, privileges, and conferments of sovereigns, and privileges in particular, are only in force during the lifetime of the original sovereign, unless the succeeding sovereign gives his assent to it in express form, or ratifies it in a form of toleration.” When the king is busy with war, or is imprisoned by public affairs, and cannot make everyone come into contact with him in order to consult his will and desires, it is necessary to create laws so that each subject can know them from the content of the law. The will of the prince, that is why the king makes the laws." "In a monarchical state the king must be above the law." "A perfect kingdom is one in which the king rules according to his own will."" Neither custom nor statute can and cannot diminish the general power which kings have over their people by right as fathers." "Adam was father, king, and lord of his family; A son, a subject, a servant, or a slave are all the same thing. The father has the power to dispose of or sell his son or daughter or slave, so we see that in the Bible, when the goods are first counted, the male servant and the female servant are It is counted as the property and property of the owner, just like other goods."
(End of this chapter)
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