plain book

Chapter 12 Interpretation of Plain Books (10)
Secondly, there is another common problem of slanderers, that is, they are greedy for meritorious deeds.All good things are taken to oneself, all bad things are pushed outside, and they take the trouble to exaggerate their achievements.And many leaders are somewhat bureaucratic, easily confused, and as a result, villains get their way.One is bureaucratic and the other is good at making money, which is also a kind of supply and demand relationship.

[Original] The sage who is close to the color and far away is faint.

Wang said: "If you value color and despise virtuous people, you will be in danger of injury; if you are fond of extravagance and indulgence, you will inevitably be defeated. For example, King Zhou favored Daji, did not value loyalty, and tortured (Xue Kaiyi) all people. The virtuous officials are bigger than Gan, Jizi and Huizi refused to be remonstrated several times. He heard strange and hated remonstrances that Bigan cut his abdomen and gouged out his heart. Change, leading to the collapse of the country."

【Interpretation】The master said that "eating sex is also a nature", lust is also one of human nature, there is nothing to make a fuss about.The key is to grasp the scale well, a gentleman is lustful but not chaotic, lustful but not obsessed.

Chinese historians have always had a tradition of tabooing the king, and shifting the responsibility for the failure of the monarch's governance to women is one of the manifestations.As a result, there have been many so-called lessons in history that misled the country because of sex. It is ridiculous that some boring literati still talk about it.

Needless to say, King Zhou of Shang doted on Daji, King Zhou You loved the feudal princes, and Queen Chen of the Southern Dynasties favored beauties Zhang Lihua and Kong Guiren until the country perished, leaving the romantic relics of Yanzhijing in Nanjing.There are more than 2 beauties in Sima Yan's harem, who ride sheep carts to the garden every day and live with the beauties where the carts are parked, causing the beauties to put some grass at the door to lure the sheep pulling the carts.In addition, at the end of the Ming Dynasty, Li Zicheng robbed Chen Yuanyuan, which made Wu Sangui "become a beauty in anger".

In fact, what do women do when the country is destroyed and the family is destroyed?Even if there are those who deceive the country because of their sex, it is because they can't control themselves, and they also don't do women's affairs.

After the mid-Tang Dynasty, Wu Zetian exiled all Li's clan relatives, including the later Zhongzong Li Xian.Zhongzong was very weak.In adversity, whenever Zhongzong fell into despair, it was his queen Webster who gave him strength and confidence; every time Wu Zetian sent people to visit, Empress Wei came forward to deal with them. After passing through many difficulties, Zhongzong was very grateful to Empress Wei.He once held Queen Wei's hand and swore: "If you can see the sun again in a different time, you can do whatever you want, and you will not be prohibited."

Empress Wei is a very ambitious woman with a strong desire for power. Every time after the restoration of Zhongzong, Empress Wei would sit in the curtain behind him, just like Gaozong Li Zhi and Wu Zetian.Minister Huan Yanfan wrote a letter of advice, but Li Xian refused to accept it, and Empress Wei began to intervene in the government.

So "close color" should not be blamed, but "far virtuous" is very wrong.Emperor Chongzhen of the Ming Dynasty was not close, but he was far away from the virtuous, and the country was ruined and the family was destroyed.

[Original Code] The woman who visits the public is in chaos.

The note said: "Like Princess Taiping, Wei Shuren's disaster is also."

Wang said: "The relatives of the concubine should not be added to the power; the internal and external are connected, and there is no justice. Like Emperor Ping of the Han Dynasty, the power belongs to Wang Mang, and the minister of state affairs is not appointed. Wang Mang is the emperor of Ping Emperor. Usurping the throne. Invading the world. This is a woman who visits the public, and brings disaster and chaos."

【Interpretation】The original meaning of "叶" is to report, to state, to express one's own opinion.In the Tang Dynasty, there was a kind of poem called "Gan Ye Poem", which was written to promote oneself, which is equivalent to the current self-recommendation letter, but with more literary talent.For example, Zhu Qingyu, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, wrote a seven-character quatrain to Zhang Ji before the exam: "Last night, the red candles were stopped in the bridal chamber, and I will pay respects to my uncle and aunt before the Xiaotang. "This poem compares herself to the new daughter-in-law who is about to meet her in-laws by using the love affairs after the wedding, and compares Zhang Shuibu to her in-laws. It is so talented to find out the truth.

When a woman talks about major political affairs, she is called "Nv Ye", and if her opinion is adopted, she is called "Nv Ye Gong Xing", which means: if something goes wrong, a woman has interfered in the government!

After all, Huang Shigong was from the late Qin Dynasty and the early Han Dynasty. Due to the social etiquette at that time, discrimination against women was inevitable.Objectively speaking, in China's feudal society of more than 2000 years, there were not many times when women or relatives intervened in government affairs, and the most prominent ones were only about a period of time in the Han, Tang, and Qing dynasties.For example, in the Tang Dynasty, there were many women who impacted the government: Wu Zetian, Princess Taiping, Shangguan Waner, Empress Wei, etc., but their time was not long, and most of the tyranny was caused by men.

【Original Code】Private people use officials to float.

The note said: "The superficial ones are not enough to win famous utensils, such as Niu Xianke being the prime minister."

Wang said: "Those who love to be happy in their hearts will not be able to accept things if they are rewarded more; when they are entrusted with official positions, they will harm the country and waste things.

【Interpretation】When appointing an official to hold a post, it must be out of public interest, so that talents from all over the world can be recruited and the great cause can be accomplished together.If cronyism occurs in a dynasty or a unit, it will be the beginning of a downward slope, and the foundation of the entire business will be problematic, and political corruption and social unrest will follow.

Historically speaking, the phenomenon of "privately using officials" is very common in China, because the royal souvenirs are official positions. In addition to normal appointments, there is still a lot of room for flexibility, and they can be given to whomever they want.Coupled with the fact that Chinese people value affection, when an official is moved by emotion, he will give his official position as a gift to others, regardless of whether this person is an official.

Another point is that Chinese people have a "feudal separatist regime" complex of occupying mountains as kings in their bones. Every official has the mentality of being a king of the mountain. Everywhere he goes, he will always carefully cultivate his own circle of influence.In this way, those who follow me become officials, and those who oppose me stand aside. It is generally difficult to achieve "only talents".

In the officialdom, the worst thing to do is to buy officials and nobles, and use official positions as commodities, just like radishes and cabbages, and openly bid for them. This kind of official system is almost like a scourge.

When Sima Yan, Emperor Wu of Jin Dynasty, felt very good when he was offering sacrifices in the southern suburbs, he asked the accompanying people: "Which emperor of the Han Dynasty can I compare with?" Emperor." After hearing this, Sima Yan said disapprovingly, "Although I am not very virtuous, I am better than them." Liu Yi said, "These two emperors both sold their officials, but they put all the money they got from selling their officials into However, your majesty put all the money from selling officials into your own pockets, from this point of view, you are not as good as them."

[Original] The winner of Ling Xia invades.

Wang said: "Relying on one's own courage, falsely taking the name of being strong and victorious; lightly bullying others, one will suffer from danger and danger. If you are not generous, it will be difficult to succeed in career; The momentum of self-improvement won the 72 formations of the King of Han, and later, China and Han believed in an ambush, and they were defeated in front of Jiuli Mountain and died on the bank of Wujiang River. This is a struggle between the strong, and the underling wins, and suffers from the danger of being invaded."

【Interpretation】In nature, due to the difference in terrain, a water pressure difference will be formed, causing water to flow downward.In society, due to the difference in status, there will be differences in positions, which will cause the bad emotions of the superiors to spread downward. This is to oppress others with power and bully others with power.If you encounter such a leader, your subordinates will definitely hold a grudge.

If the relationship between the top and bottom of a unit is tense and everyone is alienated, the reason must be the leadership. "Mencius" said: "When the king regards his ministers as brothers and feet, the ministers regard the emperor as his heart; when the emperor regards his ministers as dogs and horses, the ministers regard the emperor as the people of the country; "Because the subordinates have no reason and no qualifications to argue against the leader. Isn't that a mouse playing with a cat and asking for death?

[Original Code] Consumption of too many names.

The note said: "Lu Zhi said, 'The name is closer to the false, and the teaching is more important; the benefit is closer to the real, and the righteousness is the least important.' However, the real is named for the name, and the famous is for the real. The name and the real are worthy, so it is not. It's running out."

Wang said: "The heart is really treacherous and cunning, and false benevolence and righteousness are used to get a false name; the internal affairs are poor and gluttonous, and the outside is respectful and diligent and confuses the public. Obscure and up and down, fishing for fame and fame; although famous and rich, they cannot last long; .”

【Interpretation】In the world of mortals, there are only two things that people do in a hurry, one for fame and one for profit.Either because of fame and gain, like Supergirl a few years ago, who first became famous and then made a profit;People always want to take advantage of good things and gain both fame and wealth.

In this tide, everyone has also discovered a phenomenon: almost all the people who become famous quickly are short-lived, each leading the way for only a few years.why?The name did not match the reality, and many people later proved that their names were in vain. Their weak bodies could not support the big hat at all, and they were finally crushed to the ground.

In history, if the name matches the reality, great things can be achieved. For example, Zhuge Liang in the Three Kingdoms period, Liu Bei visited the thatched cottage three times and asked him to come out of the mountain because of his name.But if the name does not match the reality, you can kill someone. "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" No.90 Chapter [-]: "Sima Yi returned to the village and asked people to inquire about who led the troops to guard the street pavilion. The reply said: 'It is Ma Liang's younger brother Ma Di.' Yi smiled and said: 'It is nothing but a mediocrity. Ears!'" As a result, Zhuge Liang "beheaded Ma Su with tears".

During the Warring States Period, Qin and Zhao fought for the Shangdang area.The State of Zhao first sent Lian Po to confront the Qin army, and later fell into Qin's countermeasures and sent Zhao Kuo, the son of the famous general Zhao She, to lead the army.This Zhao Kuo likes to talk about soldiers on paper, and he was quite famous at the time, but he just had no actual experience in leading troops, and the typical name does not match the reality.

When he learned that Zhao Kuo was a general, Lin Xiangru said to Zhao Wang: "Zhao Kuo only knows how to read his father's military books, and he can't adapt to the battle. We can't send him to be a general." Even Zhao Kuo's mother came to Zhao Wang and said: " When his father was dying, he told me again and again: "Zhao Kuo regards the use of troops to fight as a child's play, and when he talks about the art of war, he is ignorant and conceited. It will be fine if the king doesn't use him in the future. If he is used as a general, I'm afraid Zhao Kuo The army will be ruined in his hands." The king of Zhao refused to listen, and still appointed Zhao Kuo as a general.As a result, 40 troops were killed by Qin general Bai Qi.

[Original] Those who ignore themselves and blame others will die.

Wang said: "Give credit to yourself, and blame others; there is no sense of justice from above, and no sense of trust and fear from below. Praising oneself cannot be capable, and destroying others' goodness is not good. The credit belongs to oneself, and the public cannot be cured; the crime is on others. , the cause is hard to come by."

【Interpretation】There is a kind of leadership that subordinates look down on the most, and that is greedy for meritorious deeds.Once there is a problem in the unit, the leader will push away his own responsibility completely, and use a magnifying glass to look at other people's problems.When encountering such a leader, it is still the best policy, because this unit can't handle it well.

Regardless of any unit, there is an unspoken rule: if there is a problem, there must always be an investigator. Once you become the investigator of the problem, you will also be exempted from liability.Hold others accountable without taking responsibility for your own mistakes.So who is usually held accountable?Definitely a leader.Therefore, the leader has a natural right to be exempted from responsibility. If he takes the initiative to commit himself, it will be abominable, and his subordinates will become "scapegoats" sooner or later.

The custom of using sheep as a scapegoat comes from ancient Judaism.The ancient Jews designated July [-]th as the "Day of Atonement" and held atonement sacrifices on this day.The ceremony is usually like this: the fate of two live rams is decided by casting lots, one is killed as a sacrifice, and the other is declared by the high priest with his hands on the head of the sheep, the sins committed by the Jewish nation in one year It has been passed on to the sheep.Then, the scapegoat was banished to the wilderness, that is, the sins of people were brought into the land of no one.Finally, burn the atonement sheep to death.

Strict self-discipline and be lenient to others should be the motto of leaders at all times.

【Original】Those who are self-reliant but thin-minded are discarded.

Note: "The sage is always good at saving people and never abandons others; he is always good at saving things and never abandons things. Self-promotion is self-satisfaction. It is not what Zhongni said: "The kindness of bowing to oneself." Self-prosperity and thinness are talents. It will be discarded."

Wang said: "Get fame for yourself, and use money for your own benefit; if you neglect the virtuous and talented, and don't appoint loyal ones, how can things be done?" For example, Lu Bu was trapped in Xiajun, and his planner Chen Gong said, "There are soldiers outside, but there is no food and grass inside; the Yellow River If the city falls, what can I do?' Lu Bu said, 'I carry a thousand catties of horsepower to cross the water as if crossing flat land. What worries do I have to ride across the river with my wife Diao Chan?' Hou Cheng, a general with a hand on his side, stole Lu Bu after hearing what he said. The horses threw themselves at Guan Gong, and all the soldiers dispersed. Lu Bu was captured by Cao Cao and beheaded at Baimen. This is because he only cares about himself and ignores everyone. He cannot succeed, and the country will be ruined and his life will be ruined."

【Interpretation】Take all the good things in your arms, enjoy them first, and endure hardships later, and ignore the interests of subordinates, and even restrict them in every possible way.Such a leader will eventually be cast aside by the subordinates.

When Lu Bu was trapped in Xiapi, someone said to him, "The situation is very bad now. There are large armies outside, and there is no food and grass in the city. Now the Yellow River is surging again. What should we do when the city is destroyed?" Lu Bu said. He said: "My red rabbit horse, carrying a thousand catties across the river, is like walking on flat ground. My wife Diaochan and I rode across the river. What is there to worry about?" Listen, what is this called.A general ignores his subordinates and only thinks about how to escape.As a result, one of Lu Bu's subordinates stole the red rabbit horse and voted for Guan Gong, and the others scattered when they heard this.Lu Bu immediately became a polished commander and was captured and killed by Cao Cao.

【Original】Those who abandon merit by fault lose.

The note said: "If the handling is inappropriate, the discussion will be silent; flattery will go hand in hand, and personal favoritism will go hand in hand."

Wang said: "If you have made meritorious deeds, entrust them with great power; don't take responsibility for small faults, for fear that you will lose; caress them for politics, and never abandon great merits and small ones. Otherwise, if you practice meritorious deeds and forgive mistakes, then You can seek its small faults and abandon the great merits, and if the people's hearts are not convinced, it will damage your body."

【Interpretation】Rewards and punishments are the two treasures in the hands of leaders.If it is used well, it can stimulate enthusiasm for work; if it is not used well, it will be the root of disaster.I am afraid that the leader will not reward for his meritorious deeds, focusing on minor faults of people, and will be severely punished for minor faults.Following such a leader will not yield good results.

During the Three Kingdoms period, Zhang Fei was assassinated by his subordinates in a dark night. The reason was that the rewards and punishments were unfair, heavy punishments for small mistakes, and too deep grievances.On the contrary, appropriate rewards and punishments can achieve twice the result with half the effort.

One day, the light bulb on the roof of the men's bathroom in a certain factory was broken, the bathroom was pitch black, and the workers were all arguing.The factory notified the electrician to change it, but no one came. The leader said, "Anyone who changes the light bulb will be given 100 yuan." After a while, all seven light bulbs on the top of the bathroom were replaced.The director of the factory said: "The money will be deducted from the group bonus." He also made a rule that if the light bulbs in public places are broken in the future, if the electricians don't replace them and others do, then they will get a bonus of 100 yuan for changing a light bulb. All the money will be deducted from the bonus of the electrician group.Since then, nothing has happened.

Anyone who has made great achievements but was later fined heavily for minor demerits does not belong to the category of management. It is almost a political conspiracy, such as "drinking wine to release military power" and "burning the celebration building" in history.

[Original] The aliens under the group are reduced.

The note said: "Everyone is different, if you want not to perish, you can't get it."

Wang said: "The emperor uses his name and salary to advance his people, and the ministers reward their master with loyalty and righteousness. Those who are talented will not be rewarded with officials, and those who can keep honesty will not be given their salary; kindness and love are external power, and resentment is internal; If you leave, there will be chaos."

【Interpretation】In a unit, if employees have opinions, they can’t report them directly to the higher authorities, but instead vent them to the outside world, or even sue everywhere, which means that the company is in danger.If the problem is not solved, sooner or later it will perish. "Huainanzi" said: If everyone helps each other, even if they are weak, they will be strong; if they leave each other, even if they are big, they will perish.

Cabbage is always bad from the heart, and it is the same with an organization. I am afraid of internal disunity.The only thing that can bring down an organization is the organization itself, not external forces.China has been invaded by countless Bianbei people in history, and the regime has been changed many times, but the social organization in China has always been super stable, and it has never been defeated or defeated.Chinese civilization is like a magnet, no matter under any circumstances, it can firmly attract the precarious society together.

(End of this chapter)