The true biography of Yaqiao, the first chivalrous king of the Republic of China

Chapter 25 Two birds with one stone to demolish the "iron bridge"

It turned out that a few days ago, Li Guojie, the former general manager of Shanghai Shipping Merchants Bureau, came to Wang Yaqiao through Li Guofeng, hoping to use his hand to kill the new general manager Zhao Tieqiao.Wang Yaqiao flatly refused.But Li Guojie did not give up, and asked Li Guofeng many times to send a message that he wanted to meet and talk with Brother Nine...

Zhao Tieqiao was a revolutionary assassin

Shanghai Shipping Merchants was established on January 1873, 1 by Li Hongzhang himself. It is the first modern national capital enterprise in China.The initial capital was 14 taels of silver, and there were 59.9 ships with a tonnage of only 4 tons.It was originally run by the government, but because officials at all levels "mooted money" too much, shortly after it opened, it lost 2319 taels, so it had to be changed to a "government-supervised business-run" and became a private transportation company, which soon became profitable. In 2.5, the number of ships reached 1879, with a tonnage of 27 tons and a profit of 34091 taels, making it a big profit maker.

In 1924, Li Guojie was appointed as the chairman of the Shanghai Steamship Merchants Bureau. According to his seniority, the famous female writer Zhang Ailing should call him "Uncle Biao".In "Little Reunion", Zhang Ailing sarcastically said: "He is thin and long, wearing only a half-old blue silk short jacket, with a greasy blue-gray belt exposed under the jacket. His pale face may have been beautiful before, and his hair The middle part is still a popular style in the early Republic of China, and the grease is like two black plasters on the forehead."

Li Guojie, whose name is Weihou and nickname is Yuanzhi, is the eldest son of Li Jingshu, the eldest grandson of Li Hongzhang, and the nephew and son-in-law of Zhang Zhidong. He was born in Houmen in 1881. At the age of 12, he was appointed as a second-class bodyguard. He often went to and from the palace, deeply loved by the Empress Dowager Cixi, and ordered Emperor Guangxu to accept him as his adopted son.One day, Cixi was in high spirits and specially ordered flowers for him, which made Li Hongzhang mixed.The joy is that the eldest grandson is favored by Cixi, but the worry is that the eldest grandson dare not wash his face because of the facial makeup ordered by "Lafayette".Once the face stains are washed away, and the "Lafayette" blames it, what should I do?After thinking about it, the scheming Li Hongzhang sent his grandson to his hometown in Hefei, stayed for a while, and then entered the palace again. Cixi had long forgotten about the order of flowers in Wuyouguo.

On November 1908, 11, Emperor Guangxu, who was imprisoned by Empress Dowager Cixi for launching the Reform Movement of 14, was depressed for a long time and was plagued by illness. The Queen Mother died.On March 38 of the following year, Emperor Guangxu held a funeral in Zi Palace.Emperor Guangxu had no children in his life. According to the royal funeral, at the time of the funeral, there must be a general riding a white horse to clear the way in front of the Zi Palace. He is called "General Top Horse".After screening, this prominent position went to the young and handsome Li Guojie.Therefore, Li Guojie got the nickname of "General White Horse"; in 3, he became the ambassador of the Qing government to Belgium. When he returned, the country had changed and entered the Republic of China.Yuan Shikai was grateful to Li Hongzhang for his support and support. After Li Guojie returned to China, Yuan Shikai made him a member of the Senate to participate in politics; on June 12, 1910, "Yuan Shikai failed to proclaim himself emperor. The mentality of worry keeps recurring, unable to hold on to oneself, and becomes a disease for a long time." In the midst of betrayal, he walked alone on the road to hell.Li Guojie completely lost his political backing and moved his family to Shanghai.

As a "rich third generation", although Li Guojie has received a good education and has seen the world abroad, he can't change his dandy disposition of "cannot do big things and refuse to do small things". Sitting and eating mountain empty.When he took over, Shanghai Merchants Steamship had 31 ships with a tonnage of 65796 tons; by 1928, the number of ships had decreased by 4, with a tonnage of 5530 tons, and shareholders had great opinions.A tabloid also published a wonderful couplet, embedding the word "Wei Hou" to ridicule it:

Selling bad, selling shortage, and selling ships are all great men;
Buying cigarettes, buying a house, buying antiques, how many marquises!
In 1928, at the National Transportation Conference, the national government decided to nationalize Shanghai Merchants Shipping.As a result, Minister of Communications Wang Boqun issued an order that the China Merchants Bureau was reorganized into a general management office, and Zhao Tieqiao and Li Guojie were jointly responsible for handling bureau affairs.After Zhao Tieqiao took office, he acted arbitrarily. Li Guojie had a job but no power. He said he was sick at home, waiting for a comeback.

This Zhao Tieqiao is indeed not an idle person.

In 1886, Zhao Tieqiao was born in Jin'e Township, Xuyong County, Sichuan Province (now part of Xingwen County). At the age of 20, Xiong Kewu, Huang Fusheng and others, the backbone of the League, were sent by Sun Yat-sen to return from Japan to launch a revolution and came to Xuyong County.Introduced by his brother-in-law Huang Fang (a member of the League), Zhao Tieqiao and Xiong Kewu became friends and voluntarily joined the League. In 1907, Yang Wei, Huang Fang, Zhao Tieqiao, and Jin Liqiu secretly contacted members of the Tongmenghui in Yongning Middle School, and jointly planned to make bombs and prepare for an uprising.When Huang Fang's family made a bomb in Xinglongchang, the explosives exploded due to careless operation. Huang Fang was injured and the government was alarmed.

In mid-January 1912, the Revolution of 1 reached a critical moment of success or failure.The Qing government still controlled eight northern provinces, while the militiamen captured fourteen southern provinces.The representatives of the North and the South quarreled endlessly for their own interests, and the Qing government was hesitant about whether the emperor should abdicate.

A long night must have many dreams.

On January 1, the descendants of the royal family, mainly Liangbi, Yulang, Puwei, Zaitao, Zaize, Tieliang and other "young and strong faction", were not reconciled to their own demise, and officially announced the establishment of the Clan Socialist Party, insisting that the monarchy system, resolutely anti-republicanism.The Clan Socialist Party is so arrogant that everyone has two dragons stabbed on their chests.Liang Bi, a graduate of the Japanese Academy of Non-commissioned Officers and the training minister of the Imperial Guard, also set up a "life and death certificate": "Defeat the civilian army within three months!" The dying Qing Dynasty seemed to be given a booster. "Tail" contacted everywhere, just around the corner, and the revolutionary situation took a turn for the worse.At such a critical juncture, it is urgent to assassinate Liang Bi.

The Beijing-Tianjin League elected Wang Jingwei as its chairman, Li Yuying as its vice-chairman, and set up ten departments for party affairs, general affairs, staff, military, finance, clerks, transportation, women, spy investigation, and assassination.The Assassination Department was led by Peng Jiazhen (born in Jintang, Sichuan in 1888) and Zhao Tieqiao. It set up a secret agency in Xiheyan, Beijing. There were more than 20 members. Each mission was decided by lottery.The person who draws the main lottery will serve as the main attacker; the person who is drawn by the sub-lotter will be responsible for collecting intelligence, transporting ammunition, covering, etc.

On the 26th, the eighth day of the twelfth month of the lunar calendar, in order to win people's hearts, the imperial court has the custom of presenting Laba porridge to close officials.The Beijing-Tianjin League decided to use its tricks and assassinate Liangbi.After drawing lots, Peng Jiazhen drew the main lottery, and Zhao Tieqiao and Han Botang won the secondary lottery.Regarding the assassination process, in the 1960s, Han Xiacheng, the son of Han Botang, recalled in the article "A Brief Story of the Martyr Han Botang":
The late father drew a lottery in the Jagged Death Squad led by the Revolutionary Party and took on the task. Together with the revolutionary comrades Peng Jiazhen and Zhao Tieqiao, they decided to kill Liangbi.Zhao disguised himself as a Taoist priest, Peng as the assassin, and his late father as a follower, broke into the good house and pretended to pay homage.When Liangbi came back from the outside, he got out of the car. Peng Jiazhen took out the bomb in his bag and threw it at him. Liang's leg was broken, and he bled profusely. He died instantly.Unfortunately, Peng was shot and died because the bullet fell and hit the rock.At that time, something unexpected happened, Liang Bi was unprepared, and his late father and Zhao Tieqiao escaped from Liang's house in the chaos, caught the express train, and galloped to Tianjin.

When Liangbi died, everyone in the Zongsha Party was terrified, the dead tree fell and the monkeys scattered, and the mansion died and the building collapsed!
Subsequently, the Socialist Party fell apart.Only half a month later, on December 25th of the third year of Xuantong (February 1912, 2), the Empress Dowager Longyu embraced the 12-year-old Emperor Xuantong and announced her abdication in despair. The dictatorship of the Qing Dynasty lasted for 6 years and died. !
Wang Ziqian, a member of the Tongmenghui, recalled seeing Peng Jiazhen in Shanghai. She was "not tall, about 1.5 meters, not more than 1.6 meters."When the commoner got angry, blood flowed for five steps, and the two corpses lay down, and the world can be settled. "The last grass on the camel's back will also crush the whole camel." Facts have proved that a successful assassination is the "tough battle" with the lowest cost and the highest achievement.

Sun Yat-sen was very appreciative of this assassination, and spoke highly of it, saying: "My old Peng received his meritorious service!"

On February 2, the National Government issued the "Interim Presidential Decree", posthumously presenting Peng Jiazhen, Zou Rong, and Yu Peilun, who died in overthrowing the Qing Dynasty, as "Generals of the Army".University scholar Wu Xiuling's mourning couplet for Peng Jiazhen is particularly wonderful: "An individual is willing to die for his compatriots, and one shot can be a teacher for millions."

(End of this chapter)