The true biography of Yaqiao, the first chivalrous king of the Republic of China

Chapter 6 Shouzhou took the lead in breaking the "Anhui Ice"

JAC has many heroes since ancient times.

In the winter of 1905, Sun Yat-sen sent Wu Yanggu back to Nanjing from Japan to contact and organize the Tongmenghui in the Yangtze River Basin.Introduced by a fellow villager, he met Bai Wenwei, head of the Nanjing branch of the Yuewanghui. In the summer of 1906, the headquarters of the Yuewanghui made a resolution: "Accept the introduction of Wu Yanggu and Zhang Qianren, and all join the Tongmenghui." At the secret meeting of Jiming Temple, everyone unanimously agreed to establish the Nanjing branch of the Tongmenghui, and elected Zhao Sheng as the "Leader of the Yangtze River Alliance". "Unified leadership of the anti-Qing struggle in Jiangsu, Anhui, Jiangxi and other five provinces along the Yangtze River.

In 1907, Wu Yanggu returned to Hefei again. With a letter written by Li Chunan, a student studying in Japan and a member of the Tongmenghui, he went to Luzhou Middle School to pay a visit to his brother Li Chengan. Through Li Chengan, he absorbed Zhang Zhizhang, Shen Ruilin, Sun Pinchen, Liu Wendian and Jin Weixi People joined the Tongmenghui and established the Jianghuai Branch (known as the "Wuyihui" to the outside world); for the sake of confidentiality, a peripheral organization of the Wuyihui, the "Hefei Society", was also established.In the same year, Zhang Huitao returned to Shouzhou from Japan, and together with Yuan Jiasheng, Guan Shudong and others established another branch of the Tongmenghui, Xinyihui; Cheng Enpu established another branch of the Tongmenghui, Anrenhui, in Yingzhou.

On July 7 of the same year, Xu Xilin, in his capacity as the General Office of the Anqing Patrol Office and the Superintendent of the Patrol Academy, secretly contacted the Association Party, and agreed to launch a surprise attack at the graduation ceremony of the Patrol Academy, occupy Anqing, and then meet with Qiu Jin's Eastern Zhejiang Uprising Army. Attack Nanjing.However, due to Ye Yanggao's rebellion, Enming, the governor of Anhui Province, had already obtained the list of party members, and the graduation ceremony was held two days in advance.In desperation, Xu Xilin stabbed En Ming with a pistol and seriously injured En Ming (who later died). The uprising was held ahead of schedule and was quickly suppressed by the Qing army.Feng Xu, the successor governor, personally interrogated Xu Xilin: "Master Enming treats you well and treats you as a brother and foot. Why do you want to assassinate him?" Righteousness!" At the time of execution, Qing soldiers cleared the way, escorted by executioners with ghost-headed swords, Xu Xilin was tied up, with a wooden sign with the word "cut" stuck behind his head, covered in blood, and staggered into the execution ground.Sometimes he shouted: "En Ming is dead! En Ming was killed by my own hands!" Sometimes he laughed, "Happy, happy, there is no regret in dying!"

In the blood and fire struggle to overthrow the dictatorship of the Qing Dynasty, Yue Wanghui made important contributions and paid a heavy price. On November 1908, 11, Xiong Chengji, the backbone of the Yuewanghui, launched the Horse Pao Camp Uprising in Anqing and fired the first shot of the New Army Uprising. Fan Chuanjia, Zhang Jinfu, Xue Zhe, and Ge Lanrui died heroically.Soon, members of Yuewanghui Xiong Chengji, Ni Yingdian, Song Yulin, Shi Dekuan, Cheng Liang, etc. blood-stained the battlefield one after another, leaving their names in history.

On October 1911, 10, the new army uprising broke out in the city of Wuchang.After three days of bloody battles, the rebel army occupied three towns in Wuhan, established the Hubei military government, elected Li Yuanhong as the governor, changed the name of the country to the Republic of China, and called on people from all over the country to revolt and respond.The sound of guns and cannons at the top of Wuchang City was like a life-threatening drum, one after another, the Qing Dynasty lost its soul, and mobilized heavy troops to encircle and suppress it...

The news of the victory of the Wuchang Uprising quickly spread across the country, and the alliances in various places moved after hearing the news. The wave of revolution swept across the country, and the Qing Dynasty was besieged on all sides.Hunan, Shaanxi, Jiangxi, Shanxi, Yunnan, Shanghai, Guizhou, Jiangsu and other places became independent one after another and announced the establishment of a revolutionary military government.Anhui, however, is in the darkness before dawn, and the revolutionary force is like hot magma, struggling to find a breakthrough on the Jianghuai land.

On November 11, in the name of his mother’s birthday, Zhang Huitao invited Yuan Jiasheng and Yue Xiangru, leaders of the Shouzhou Farmers Association, Liao Haili and Liao Ziying from Fengtai, Wang Qingyun (chief of regiment defense), Zhang Lun and Wang Zhanyi from Shouzhou, Fang Shaozhou and Zhang Wanhou from Dingyuan, Tian Yahao, Liu Anwu and Liu Jingchen from Fengyang, Yang Xiaozhai and Yang Yaonan from Huaiyuan held a secret meeting at his alma mater, Yangguan Public School.

Zhengyang Pass is one of the "Eight Great Passes" in China. It is known as "72 Huaihe Rivers leading to Zhengyang". It is also the main distribution center for mountain goods in the Dabie Mountains, and it is also the supply source for soldiers and roads in Feng (Taiwan), Ying (zhou), Liu (an) and Si (counties).

Representatives from all walks of life went to the appointment by boat, and the meeting was very lively.But when it comes to the specific deployment of the uprising, it has reached a deadlock.

At that time, the revolutionary situation was very serious.The General Army Department of Shouchun Township (i.e. Zhentai Yamen, now the site of the No. 7 Middle School of Shouxian County) governs the 164 battalions of Zhong, You, Liu'an, Yingzhou, Longshan, Luzhou, and Bozhou, with 4375 generals, fighting on horseback A total of [-] guards.But the League has no soldiers or guns, and capturing Shouchun City is tantamount to hitting a stone with an egg.

Seeing everyone's dejected looks, Zhang Huitao encouraged and said: "Wuchang is located in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, and Shouzhou is an important town in the Changhuai River. Smash Beijing, day and night. Our party expelled the Tartars and established the Republic of China in one fell swoop. As the saying goes, 'It is better to be the mouth of a chicken than the queen of a cow', we should act immediately."

For a long time, no one answered.

Zhang Huitao glanced at Yuan Jiasheng.Yuan Jiasheng cleared his throat and said, "The Wuchang Uprising is a golden opportunity to overthrow the Qing government. At present, 'Li Pusa', the commander of the 21st Mixed Association of the New Army, has participated in the uprising and became the governor of the Hubei Army. The seizure of power was successful. Comrade Huaishang should respond in groups to strengthen the momentum of the revolution.”

After everyone listened, some shook their heads and sighed, some closed their eyes and meditated, and some raised their wine glasses and looked at them, then put them down again...

Time passed by, and the air in the room became more and more dull.

Zhang Huitao's face was like a pig's liver, and his eyes were staring like balls.He looked around, grabbed a kitchen knife, and said loudly: "A man is brave in doing things, and he can't worry about gains and losses. In the past, everyone talked about the revolution in a clear way, and each one was better than the other. Now, it is really about to go to the battlefield, but it seems like shrinking. Be a turtle, pretend to be a bear. Do it or not, you can say a happy word; if you don’t do it, I will do it alone." After that, before everyone could react, he had already chopped off with a knife, and the little finger of his left hand was bloody drop on the floor……

On November 11, Wei Shaoyin, the magistrate of Shouzhou, had already smelled the gunpowder of the Revolutionary Party's uprising, and ordered the officers and soldiers at the four city gates to strictly check the passers-by.Early in the morning, when the sky was dim, the rebels took advantage of the darkness and mixed long and short earthen guns, knives and spears into bundles of firewood and grain bags.At 4 o'clock in the afternoon, they gathered from all directions to the test shed (now the seat of the county government) in the southeast corner of Shouzhou City, waiting for the uprising order.

Everything was ready, but an accident happened.

When the lights were on, Li Youran, a revolutionary who was lurking in the county office to inquire about news, was suddenly pushed to the ground by several plainclothes officers and turned to the lobby of the state office. "Let's go!" Wei Zhizhou slapped the gavel on the public case vigorously, and cursed viciously: "Bold monster, in broad daylight, you dare to plot rebellion? How many heads do you have!...Don't hurry up and confess your accomplices , spare you not to die?"

Li Youran collected himself and thought: If he confesses, the uprising will be suppressed by the enemy.Now that the secret has been leaked, beheading is just around the corner, pretending to be a fool is not a man, how will you meet people after it gets out?

So, he looked up to the sky and laughed, with blood gushing from his forehead, he used all his strength to break away from the left and right sides, rushed to the koan, lifted his hands, and the koan was on its back, brushes, inkstones, and gavels were scattered all over the ground.Pointing to Wei Zhizhou's nose, he cursed back: "Wei Shaoyin, the dog slave of the Qing court, listen to me, I am a revolutionist and am not afraid of death, and I am not afraid of death if I am afraid of death. Now Shouzhou city is full of revolutionaries! You Touch your head and see if it can grow on your head tonight?! If you can’t see the situation clearly and act rashly, the revolutionary party will kill your whole family..."

Wei Zhizhou froze for a moment.He didn't know the reality of the Revolutionary Party, but he knew that the Qing Dynasty was gone, and officials were all for gold and silver. At this juncture, how could he feel sorry for the Revolutionary Party?If you don't think about today, you should think about the future; if you don't think about yourself, you should think about your wives, concubines, and children.Therefore, he ordered Li Youran to be temporarily imprisoned in Shouzhou Prison, while he went to hide in Sun Jianai's No.

At 9 o'clock that night, fireworks were set off outside the gates of the four cities, like tracer bullets, illuminating the streets and alleys of Shouchun Ancient City like daytime; The armed forces of the Defense Bureau and the various brigades of the Lianzhuanghui rushed into the city quickly.The insurgents wrapped their arms in white cloth, and according to the prior deployment, they surrounded the Shouzhou State Department, Shouchun Town General Military Department, Patrol Battalion, Zhuangyuan Mansion and other important places, shouting and killing loudly.Li Zhenguo, the commander-in-chief who had just been in office for three days, saw that the situation was not good, so he put oil on the soles of his feet - he slipped away, and all the Qing soldiers surrendered without a leader.Wei Zhizhou was powerless to recover, and was forced to agree to hand over the Great Seal.

On November 11, Shouzhou became the first important town to be restored in Anhui Province.Subsequently, the Revolutionary Party established the Huaishang Revolutionary Army, and its headquarters was located in Shouzhou Kaopen. Zhang Huitao was publicly elected as the commander-in-chief. Zhang Huitao refused to resign because he was determined to lead the army in the Northern Expedition. The post of commander-in-chief was held by Wang Qingyun. Zhang Huitao, Yuan Jiasheng and Zhang Lun were the deputy commanders-in-chief.More than 5 rifles and more than 3800 cannons were recovered from the Shouzhou arsenal, greatly enhancing the combat effectiveness.The 10th Battalion of Infantry, the 18st Battalion of the Cavalry, and the 1nd Battalion of the Artillery of the Huaishang Army, with more than 2 cavalry, were divided into three groups. Bengbu, Huoqiu, Lu'an, Shangcheng and Gushi in Henan are famous far and wide.

The news of the restoration of Shouzhou spread like wildfire and quickly spread throughout the urban and rural areas of Jianghuai. Party members Wu Yanggu and Wang Tianpei announced the establishment of the Anhui Military Government in Anqing without bloodshed; on November 11, Wuhu became independent and established the Southern Anhui Military Government Branch; Datong established the Southern Anhui Military Government Branch... On December 6, all walks of life in Anhui gathered Anqing set up the "All-Anhui Preparatory Military and Political Office", as the temporary governing body of Anhui Province, temporarily set up three departments of military affairs, civil affairs, and finance, with Han Yan as the secretary-general. On December 11, the Provisional Council of Anhui Province elected Sun Yuyun as the governor of Anhui, and was appointed by the Shanghai Headquarters of the China League; on December 8, Sun Yuyun delivered an inaugural telegram in Zhenjiang. On December 11, he arrived in Anqing by boat, took Shifan Hall as the governor's office, and formally established the military government of Anhui Province...

After the recovery of Shouzhou, Luzhou Prefecture and Hefei County bordering Shouzhou were shaken and encouraged. Members of the League, such as Sun Wancheng and Wang Yaqiao, were gearing up and planning for light compound fertilizer.Almost overnight, two sub-governments of the Luzhou military government emerged in urban and rural areas of Hefei. What should the two governments do?

(End of this chapter)