The true biography of Yaqiao, the first chivalrous king of the Republic of China

Chapter 80 The Guangdong-Guangdong Incident Hastily Ended
Since April 1927, 4, when the national government established its capital in Nanjing and Chiang Kai-shek implemented dictatorship, the anti-Chiang movement has continued one after another and has never stopped.Chiang Kai-shek pressed the gourd and picked up the ladle, and never lived a few days without incident.After crusades in the east and west, conquests in the south and north in the north, or both hard and soft actions, both kindness and power, whether it is the veterans of the Kuomintang Wang Jingwei, Li Jishen, and Xu Chongzhi, or the local officials Chen Mingshu, Tang Shengzhi, Cheng Qian, Yan Xishan, Feng Yuxiang, Bai Wenwei, etc. , Fang Zhenwu, Shi Yousan, etc., all opponents were knocked out of the ring by him.However, the Southwest School outshone others, and it still made him eat poorly, sleep poorly, and feel unhappy.

The Southwest faction is indeed different from other anti-Chiang forces. It is based on the Southwest Executive Department of the Kuomintang, the Southwest Political Affairs Committee of the Nationalist Government, and the Southwest Branch of the Military Commission. I can only stand on the stone city and look at "Guang" and sigh.

On December 1935, 12, at the First Plenary Session of the Fifth Central Committee of the Kuomintang, Hu Hanmin was elected as a member of the Standing Committee of the Central Committee along with Chiang Kai-shek and other nine people, even though Hu Hanmin was far away in Europe and did not attend the meeting. chairman.Chiang Kai-shek resented Hu Hanmin even more that he could not allow others to sleep soundly on the side of the couch.

On January 1936, 1, Hu Hanmin returned to Hong Kong from France, and was warmly welcomed by the Kuomintang Central Committee and Southwest military and political officials.On the 19th of the same month, Hu Hanmin refused Chiang Kai-shek's invitation and did not go to Nanjing, but settled in Guangzhou. The Southwest faction rejoiced, thinking that it was only a matter of time before Hu Hanmin replaced Chiang Kai-shek.

But man's calculation is not always as good as heaven's calculation.

On May 5, the Nanjing Legislative Yuan promulgated the "Draft Constitution of the Republic of China" (the "Five-Five Constitution Draft"). The main contents include: the president has supreme power in the government and controls a strong centralized power, and is not subject to the National Assembly constraint.The term of office is six years.The Chief Executive and the ministers are appointed by the President and are personally responsible to the President, who can dismiss them at any time.The president has the power of emergency order, that is, when necessary, he can replace the law or change the law with an order. If the law conflicts with the emergency order, the law will temporarily become invalid.This clause is to allow Chiang Kai-shek to be above the law and do whatever he wants.

On the morning of May 5, Hu Hanmin rose to the occasion and made a statement to reporters, criticizing the "Draft Constitution", frankly saying that the Nanjing Nationalist Government could not lead the whole country to resist Japan and save the nation, and promulgating the Constitution was even more absurd.At 9 o'clock in the afternoon, he wrote a couplet for his righteous daughter Zhong Huizhong: "When you are in love with the shadows, you are the sun and the moon, and when you are rude to the red, you are the dust." In the evening, he went to Guangzhou Yongyuan (now in the provincial government compound on Dongfeng Road, Guangzhou), Went to drink at the home of his brother-in-law Chen Rong, accompanied by Pan Jingyi, Mao Heting and others.The meeting of the old friends was very speculative, and Hu Hanmin was in high spirits, so he drank two more glasses.After dinner, they played chess with Pan Jingyi again.

Hu Hanmin loves to play chess, while Pan Jingyi is a master of Lingnan chess.The two parties agreed to win two out of three games.When two people meet opponents in chess, they will meet good talents, and the fight is inseparable.In the first game, Hu Hanmin narrowly won; in the second game, Hu Hanmin was determined to take advantage of the victory and pursue the two cities in a row, expressing his recent unhappiness.He leveled the cannon, vaulted the horse, launched the car, and launched attacks again and again, gaining a slight advantage.But Pan Jingyi took the challenge calmly and gradually got rid of the passive situation.Hu Hanmin's advantage is that he is serious in his work, but his disadvantage is that he is too serious in his work.Seeing that his chess game was not good, he stared at the chessboard, thinking hard.Unknowingly, the spirit of alcohol came up quietly, his face was red and his ears were hot, and beads of sweat appeared on his forehead.Watching chess without saying a word is a real gentleman.What's more, everyone knew his temper, and they all held their breath, secretly anxious for him.Pan Jingyi gradually showed joy on his face when he saw that his opponent didn't have a good strategy.

Just like that.None of the onlookers dared to walk around casually, only the clock turned its own circle unhurriedly, making a "click" sound.

At about 20 o'clock, Hu Hanmin yelled, "My head hurts," tilted his head, and slipped off the chair.Everyone hurriedly carried him to the bed, and called doctors Yang Zixiang and Chen Yiping.After examination, his high pressure was 135, low pressure was 110, his left side was paralyzed, and he was diagnosed as right cerebral hemorrhage.Doctors rushed to rescue him, but were unable to recover. At 12:7 p.m. on the 40th, Hu Hanmin stopped breathing.

Hu Hanmin's funeral was quite grand.A mourning hall was set up in the Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall, with a straight book on the forehead: "Smart and upright." The elegiac couplet on both sides is: "A generation of role models should respect Li Du, and a person who has made great achievements for thousands of years looks up to Yizhou." Give Hu Hanmin his education, character, and public morality. Highly rated.The Guangxi provincial government dispatched Li Renren, the former director of the Department of Education and an alternate executive member of the Kuomintang Central Committee, as a representative to take a special plane to come to express condolences and, as a representative, discuss in private with Chen Jitang the matter of uniting against Chiang.

Before Hu Hanmin's bones were cold, the Southwest faction got the news: Chiang Kai-shek decided to cut through the mess quickly, taking advantage of the Southwest faction's flag just falling and the dragons without a leader, to wipe out the "separatist regime" forces in one fell swoop.

Do it first to be strong, and do it later to suffer.The generals of Guangdong and Guangxi are determined to strike first and survive from death.After extensive contact, anti-Chiang forces in various places moved upon hearing the news. "Shandong Chairman Han Fuju sympathized with the changes in Guangdong and Guangxi, and took the initiative to join forces with Song Zheyuan, who was in charge of the military and political power of Hebei and Chahar. He called for peace on June 21 and opposed the central government's use of troops; Seal up central bank notes, stop accepting common use, and support Guangdong and Guangxi in terms of economic affairs; Liu Xiang, chairman of Sichuan Province, also has an attempt to take the opportunity to deviate from the central government. Moreover, the military strength of Guangdong and Guangxi totals no less than 40, with a complete range of sea, land and air forces, and strong strength ".

However, on June 1936, 6, in the name of "going north to resist Japan", the Southwest faction raised troops against Chiang. After two months, it was declared a failure.

As one of the two protagonists of the uprising, Li Zongren was deeply concerned about the "June [-]st" Movement (also known as the "Guangdong Incident"). In his later years of memory, he attributed all the responsibility for the failure to Chen Jitang:
Superstition was also one of the factors that prompted Jitang to act recklessly.It turns out that in the Jitang brothers' line, the elder brother Chen Weizhou he admires the most, and Jitang obeys him.Wei Zhou is proficient in calligraphy and sensitive, but he believes in yin and yang, fate, and fortune telling.It is said that Wei Zhou once went to the hometown of Hong Xiuquan in Hua County, Guangdong to inspect the tombs of Hong's ancestors, and found that Hong Xiuquan's ancestral tombs were buried on the "living dragon's mouth".According to Weizhou and his friends, Xiuquan's ancestral tomb was unfortunately buried a little higher, moved down several tens of feet, and was right on the "cave". .Weizhou believed that this cemetery was valuable, so he asked the descendants of the Hong surname to sell it to him.The surname Hong refused at first, but he couldn't stand Weizhou's threats and temptations, so he gave up the cemetery.The Chen brothers then moved the remains of their biological mother to the place for burial, convinced that the Chen family would produce a great person soon.But looking around the Chen family, the rest of the family is busy, who else is there besides Jitang?Therefore, Chen Jitang is ambitious and self-aware.

Soon thereafter, Wei Zhou was ordered by his younger brother to go to Nanjing to have a long talk with Chairman Jiang.This gave Wei Zhou the best chance to "look at the face" for Mr. Jiang.According to Wei Zhou Hui Cantonese, from the looks of it, Mr. Jiang was definitely sad about the 1936 hurdle.Strange to say, Mr. Jiang's face was taken by Wei Zhou.The "Xi'an Incident" that happened that year almost killed Mr. Jiang.But what happened was due to Zhang Xueliang, not Chen Jitang.

It is also said that before Jitang launched the invitation to go north to fight against Japan, Weizhou had asked Weng Banxuan and other magicians to do divination for him.In the hexagram, there is the word "opportunity must not be lost", which also makes the Chen brothers believe that they should "respond" to Mr. Jiang.Unexpectedly, after the outbreak of the incident, Chen Jitang's air force—dozens of aircraft, under the leadership of Huang Guangrui, flew north to the central government.It turns out that "machine" refers to "aircraft".Since Jitang "missed the opportunity", he had no choice but to flee.It can also be said that he was made a big joke by Guaxian!
Jitang was ready to launch, so he sent me a telegram to Nanning in May, saying that we should ask the central government to immediately fight against Japan under the upsurge of the people's resistance against Japan, and not to be timid.

Knowing that it was impossible to recover, I flew to Guangzhou at the end of May.In Guangzhou, I also met Mr. Xiao Focheng, the elder.Focheng told me some jokes about Chen Jitang.The story is that when Deng Zeru was there, one day near midnight, Jitang suddenly visited Deng himself and asked him to go to the Yantang Military Academy with him.Deng asked what was the matter.Chen said that his generals "swear an oath" at the military academy tonight, and he hopes that Mr. Deng will go to "supervise the oath".When Mrs. Deng arrived at the auditorium of the Yantang Military Academy, she saw a leather dummy placed above the auditorium, with the words "Chiang Kai-shek" written on it.When taking the oath, Jitang called the name, and all the officers stood together one by one, and read out the "oath" such as "Yu is determined to be loyal to the party and country, resist Japan and Chiang Kai-shek, support Commander-in-Chief Chen, and if he violates the oath in the future, he will be punished by heaven."After reading, he went to the dummy, raised a wooden sword, and slashed three times at "Chiang Kai-shek" to express hatred and determination.Xiao Fucheng said, Chen Bonan's absurdity and outdatedness, his ignorance and stupidity, so that, how can he achieve great things?
In October 1979, in the section "Ingenious Instigation to Resolve the Guangdong-Guangdong Incident" in the "Biography of Mr. Dai Yunong" published by Taiwan's "Ministry of National Defense Intelligence Bureau" and edited by Fei Yunwen, another version was provided:
(Guangdong Incident) If we do not try to contain and resolve it as soon as possible, once the war is triggered, it may lead to a serious disaster.Mr. Dai is responsive, quick-witted and swift in handling affairs, and never hesitates to wait and see; he tries to encourage his comrades with "the spirit of having a sword and walking".He analyzed that the Guangdong and Guangxi authorities' alleged military offenders were only relying on force to threaten the central government in an attempt to achieve their selfish political goals... As long as they mobilize their army, which understands the righteousness, and follow suit anyway, the drastic changes can be resolved by drawing fire from the bottom of the pot.Therefore, Mr. Dai ordered Zheng Jiemin to go to Hong Kong to instigate this work based on the existing contact base.

Chen Jitang was hit by the army, sea, and air force who betrayed him one after another. Knowing that the situation was over, he announced his resignation and left the country via Hong Kong.

In Guangxi, although Guangdong's failure and Chen's resignation have made it difficult to do it alone, it is shameful to be anticlimactic and still unwilling to reconcile.Mr. Dai found out that Li Zongren, Bai Chongxi and others held a meeting of generals above the head of the group on July [-], and decided to resist to the end, with Guilin and Liuzhou as the last areas to defend.Although, at that time, the central government used thunderous pressure to resolve the changing situation in Guangxi with armed forces, and it was easy; at the same time, several armies and air forces in Guangxi had also been matured by Mr. Dai's instigation and were waiting anyway.However, Generalissimo Jiang still does not advocate the use of troops, but pursues the country with sincerity, and he has repeated feelings.Naixun immediately went to Guangzhou in person, invited important officials from the central government to go to Guangxi, and persuaded Li Zongren to come to Guangzhou to meet Chairman Chiang in person and ask for solutions.

Afterwards, Chen Cheng, who has been participating in the Ninggui negotiations, said quite proudly in "Southwest Changes": "The Southwest issue, an ominous term, has been troubled in Chinese politics for many years, and some people who are overly pessimistic think it is The cancer of Chinese politics is completely incurable. Now, after several months, the result of the concerted efforts of the whole country, there is a solution to this incurable disease, and it is resolved peacefully.”

Ning Gui shook hands to make peace, and the anti-Chiang campaign fell by the wayside, and Wang Yaqiao immediately fell into a desperate situation of loneliness and helplessness.He was smoking a cigarette sullenly, not knowing what to do next...

(End of this chapter)