The Complete Biography of Cao Cao
Chapter 8 Both Wisdom and Bravery Are Available to Conquer the Enemy
Chapter 8 Both Wisdom and Bravery Are Available to Conquer the Enemy
As soon as the plan is planned, the fake show is really done to deceive Liu Kang
Liu Kang, the king of Jinan, had long planned to rebel. Since Cao Cao came, he found it more difficult to act. If he didn't plan early, he would be discovered by Cao Cao.So Lu Jiu was sent to Nanshan to deliver a letter and let the rebels stand by for orders.Unexpectedly, when Lu Jiu went there, it was like a mud cow entering the sea, and there was no response at all.Liu Kang suspected that Lu Jiu might be captured by Cao Cao, so he was afraid that his plot would be exposed.He thought about it for a long time, and thought that the only way to avoid future troubles was to get rid of Cao Cao, who was then Prime Minister of Jinan.Only in this way can he continue his "great cause".
So, he secretly sent a killer to sneak into Xiangguo's mansion late at night, trying to kill Cao Cao.The killer sneaked into Cao Cao's Prime Minister's Mansion quietly, and saw that the mansion was a huge house, quiet and deserted, except for a little light in the upper room.The killer quietly approached the upper room, put his face on the window sill, and looked in, only to see Cao Cao sitting alone holding a candle, reading a book intently.Seeing that the opportunity was rare, the killer raised his hand without hesitation, and a poison dart flew straight to Cao Cao's face, hitting Cao Cao's eyebrow.The killer thought that the assassination was successful and that the job was done.So, he fled the Prime Minister's Mansion immediately and reported to Liu Kang.
How did the killer know that what he shot was just a puppet. The puppet wore Cao Cao's clothes, Cao Cao's turban, a yellow cloth covering its face, and Cao Cao's face was painted on it.
It turned out that Guo Jia, Cao Cao's adviser, also thought of this move.Lu Jiu went out to deliver the letter, but was captured by Cao Cao on the way.Seeing that he hasn't returned yet, Liu Kang must be suspicious, maybe he will jump over the wall in a hurry and take the risk of killing Cao Cao to silence him, so as not to leak the news.Therefore, Guo Jia persuaded Cao Cao to move to another room, and asked someone to make a puppet and put it in front of the case to prevent accidents.
When Cao Cao heard the movement, he scissored his hands upside down and came out from elsewhere leisurely.Seeing his stand-in suffered such a fatal blow, he couldn't help being speechless and frightened, and he admired Guo Jia's foresight in his heart.Guo Jia pointed to the puppet and said to Cao Cao: "The old thief Liu Kang is so cruel and vicious. If he knows that the assassination has failed today, he will definitely not give up. We might as well use the plan to make him believe it is true, and then look for opportunities to annihilate him."
When Cao Cao heard the words "just plan", he already understood three points in his heart, and couldn't help clapping his hands and laughing.Repeatedly said: "Good! Good! Good! According to Feng Xiao's ingenious plan, let me, Cao, die first, and deceive this old Liu Kang."
After all, even if Cao Ren and Ren Jun were ordered to arrange the funeral overnight, and the government office meeting hall was converted into a temporary mourning hall, Ren Jun did not know where to find a red lacquered coffin and placed it in the middle of the mourning hall.Sacrificial offerings such as cattle, sheep, and pigs were placed in front of the coffin, and joss sticks and paper horses were lit. There were bursts of mourning and joy, and cigarettes were lingering, creating a mournful and desolate atmosphere.
After all these arrangements were made, it was already bright, so all the servants in the government office were ordered to stop working, and they all wore filial piety and plain clothes for mourning.He also asked Bian to bring his son Cao Pi, supported by the girl Chunying, to lie down in front of the coffin, cover his face, and cry bitterly.There were tears but no tears, and others didn't see her. Cao Pi was five or six years old. Seeing such a scene, he really thought it was his father's death, so he cried "Daddy, Daddy" and exchanged tears, so sad.Even the people in the government office, except for Guo Jia, Cao Ren, Ren Jun and other insiders, all thought that the Prime Minister of the State had passed away due to misfortune. Thinking of the good things he had done to them, they couldn't help but shed tears. The crying was loud.
Before dawn, the killer hurriedly reported to Liu Kang that he had killed Cao Cao himself.How could Liu Kang easily believe it?He also sent his cronies, among the people who got up early, to the Yamen of the Prime Minister's Office to find out the truth.After a while, the inspector reported that there was a loud cry in the mansion. Even the common people nearby heard that the Prime Minister died of a serious illness last night. They crowded outside the mansion gate, crying loudly.When Liu Kang heard it, he believed it was true, and a stone in his heart finally fell to the ground.
However, Cao Cao took advantage of the cover during this period, sent additional manpower, tried his best to investigate and collect evidence, and held all the evidence of Liu Kang's rebellious conspiracy in his hands.Then dispatch troops and generals, ready to catch them all.
With the protection of the opponent's strategy, I attach my own clever strategy to it, so that the opponent's strategy can be used by me.When the enemy is harming someone, he is also in danger of being killed and falls into our trap. This is the beauty of scheming.
Because it is hidden under the enemy's conspiracy and tricks, it will not arouse the suspicion of the enemy.In order to get hold of the enemy, Cao Cao did not hesitate to confuse the opponent with "fake death and real mourning". This not only made his trick of making a fake show come true, but also showed that he did not believe in ghosts and gods, was not trapped by the world, and did not hesitate to achieve his goal. The determination to do whatever it takes.
The starting point of using tricks is to fully understand and analyze the opponent's strategy, and then push the boat forward, use tricks on the opponent's tricks, and finally subdue them.
The two tricks are interlocking and interlocking
At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the world was in chaos, and the Yellow Turban Army took advantage of the situation, and the imperial court sent Cao Cao to suppress it.But Cao Cao personally led [-] troops into the territory of Rencheng to defeat the enemy.
Zhang Yan, the leader of the Yellow Turban Army, was alarmed when he heard that Cao Cao's troops were approaching the city.Tang Zhou disapproved and said to the visitor: "Tell Marshal Zhang, as long as you stick to the city, I have a plan to defeat the enemy, so don't worry."
Why is Tang Zhou so calm and composed, and what good strategy does he have to defeat Cao Cao?It turned out that since the Yellow Turban's Southern Expedition, it has won many battles and victories, all thanks to the advice and suggestions of Tang and Zhou.Tang Zhou took credit for his pride, thinking that he was resourceful and resourceful, and that no one in the world could rival him.Attacking Yanzhou now is just a chance to show off your grand plan and achieve the career of king and hegemony.He has already heard about Cao Cao's deeds, and knows that he is an unrivaled hero.Now that I heard that Cao Cao had led troops to come, I suddenly had a strange idea: If I can persuade Cao Cao to join forces with myself and fight against the Han Dynasty together, who can be the enemy in the world today?So without telling Zhang Yan, he wrote a letter to Cao Cao in private to find out Cao Cao's true feelings.
After Cao Cao received the letter, he threw the letter on the ground before he finished reading it, cursing angrily, "Tang Zhou is so crazy that he wants me to surrender to him. Someone, take this messenger out and cut him down!"
Guo Jia, who has always been prudent, hurried forward to stop him: "Master, don't get angry. Tang Junshi is also kind, and I hope the lord will make a long-term plan." After speaking, he winked at Cao Cao, and Cao Cao immediately understood that Guo Jia wanted to use this letter. Letter to do some articles.Hastily turned his anger into joy, and told the guards to treat the envoy well, waiting for the reply.
After the envoy went out, Guo Jia said something to Cao Cao again and again.After hearing this, Cao Cao was overjoyed, took a pen and inkstone, and wrote a letter himself.
Tang Zhou received Cao Cao's letter, read it back and forth several times, and showed hesitation on his face, so he called the envoy and questioned him carefully.The envoy said: "At the beginning, I saw Cao Cao's angry face, and almost beheaded me. Later, he turned his anger into joy and entertained me with wine and food."
After Tang Zhou heard this, he suddenly sneered twice and said, "Thief Cao is really hateful, and he tried to trick me out of the city! This is the skill of a 3-year-old naughty boy, how can he deceive me?" Cao Cao.
Zhang Yanzheng was suffering from being unable to retreat, and after hearing Tang Zhou's arrangement, he immediately turned his worries into joy.Before Tang Zhou's words fell to the ground, he wanted to lead his troops out of the city and threatened to capture Cao Cao with his own hands to avenge Jinyi Ferry.Tang Zhou said calmly: "I expect Cao Cao will think that I will go lightly. There must not be many ambushes. Why should the general go out in person? Just let Zhao Mang bring 8000 elite soldiers, and he will win a complete victory."
So he summoned General Zhao Mang, the god-headed general, and explained it like this.Early the next morning, Zhao Mang went straight to Fandi with 8000 elite soldiers.More than a dozen miles away, you can arrive in the blink of an eye. In the morning light, you can see an earthen platform from a distance, about 1 zhang high, with a big flag with the word "Cao" erected on it. A general is wearing a red robe and a sword hanging from his waist. , Standing on the stage, it seems to be waiting.Hundreds of soldiers were scattered around, Zhao Mang secretly said happily: "Sure enough, it is as expected by the military advisor!"What are these hundreds of soldiers?This time, I, Zhao Mang, should have made such a great achievement! "
Gradually approaching the stage, the red-robed general was still standing still. Zhao Mang concluded that this person was Cao Cao, so he swung the sledgehammer, and the 8000 elite soldiers rushed one after another while shouting "Catch Cao Cao alive".Zeng Cao raised his horse to the platform, laughed loudly, and shouted: "Mr. Tang, you have fallen into my trap. If you don't get off your horse, you will be bound."
Before the words fell, he waved the command flag in his hand and fired a cannon behind the stage. Countless officers and soldiers suddenly seemed to emerge from the ground, rushed up to Zhao Mang's men and horses like a tide, shouting in their mouths: "Catch Tang alive!" week!"
Can ordinary people see Cao Cao's tricks?Since he wanted to lure Tang Zhou out of the city, how could he reveal so many flaws for Tang Zhou to see through?It turned out that Guo Jia proposed two strategies that day: if Tang Zhou saw the letter in Cao Cao's hand and thought it was true, he would definitely come to the meeting in light clothes, and 500 soldiers would be enough to capture him; if Tang Zhou suspected it, he would bring a large force to capture him Cao Cao, therefore sent Cao Ren to lead 2 elite troops to march quietly to Fandi last night in the dead of night.But when the cannon rang out from the general platform, they immediately rushed out, wiped out all the Yellow Turbans, and captured the military commander Tang Zhou alive.This is a calculation within a calculation, and a calculation within a calculation.It's a pity that Zhang Yan and Tang Zhou came out together, and only killed one god-headed general, Zhao Mang.
The chain plan is a strategy to create a burden for the enemy, make it restrain itself, and then attack and annihilate it.From a structural point of view, the serial scoring is divided into two counts: the first counts to pinch the enemy, and the second counts to attack the enemy.The two schemes are used in conjunction, complementing each other, so that you can win.Some people regard the continuous use of more than two strategies to make them interlock with each other and organically form a whole, which is regarded as a series of strategies.This is yet another understanding, and it also has practical implications.This is also recorded in the ancient military books: "There are always tricks, and they are often supplemented by counting. This plan is blocked, and the other plan is born. One end is stagnant and the number is raised. Hundreds of plans can make the enemy's wisdom unpredictable and strengthen the army." Invincible."
[-] Concealing the real and the fake to break the Yellow Turban
One of the Yellow Turban Army was led by General Bocai.Bo Cai was brave and good at fighting, and besieged General Zhu Jun, who was sent by the imperial court to suppress him, in Changshe City, and it was difficult to escape for a while.Zhu Jun had no choice but to send someone to ask for help from the court. Cao Cao led Xingye to rush to reinforce, and soon joined forces with Zhu Jun.
Zhu Jun saw that the reinforcements had arrived, so he raised his account and summoned his generals to discuss strategies to defeat the enemy.Some of the generals insisted on sticking to it, and some advocated recklessly. There were many discussions and no consensus.Zhu Jun frowned, shook his head and remained silent, unable to make up his mind for a moment.
Cao Cao didn't open his mouth to speak. After listening to everyone's speech, he looked at Zhu Jun again, and said impassionedly: "The last general came from outside the city. When he passed the enemy's camp, he had already observed and understood something, and he had a plan in mind. , this time we must use a plan to break him!" Then Cao Cao explained the plan to defeat the enemy.Zhu Jun was overjoyed when he heard this, and even said it was a good plan, so he ordered Cao Cao to follow the plan.
It is the end of spring and the beginning of summer at this time, the climate is dry and the weather is hot.That night, it was so dark that you couldn't see your fingers, and it was overcast, with strong winds, flying sand and rocks, and the weather was very bad.
Bocai, the leader of the Yellow Turban Army, relied on his superb martial arts skills and had a large number of troops.I thought that after a few fights, the officers and soldiers were terrified, and they didn't pay attention to Cao Cao's reinforcements at all.Now the officers and soldiers are huddled inside the city, not daring to show their heads. He happened to surround the city, and when the food in the city ran out, he could break the city in one fell swoop.It's dark and windy tonight, and the officers and soldiers dare not come out, so they can sit back and relax.So he and the big and small leaders gathered in the big tent, drinking for fun, drinking five and six.It wasn't until midnight that the generals fell asleep drunk.
Little did he know that Cao Cao had already taken advantage of the bad weather to take action.I didn't work hard, but I heard the drums in the city shaking the sky, people outside the tent were clamoring, and someone shouted "fire".
Bo Cai hurriedly got up, ran outside the tent and raised his eyes to wait and see, only to see that the flames in the Dazhai were soaring into the sky, and the tents, big and small, were on fire one after another.The fire follows the wind, and the wind helps the fire to burn more and more vigorously.The soldiers fled in all directions, unable to parry.
It turned out that the tents of the Yellow Turban Army were all made of firewood, and the food, grass and firewood were piled up all over the place, without any rules and no precautions.Cao Cao stepped through the camp when rushing to help, and it was precisely after seeing this scene that he came up with the plan of attacking with fire.
Seeing this scene, Bocai broke out in a cold sweat, and was about to direct his soldiers to put out the fire, but suddenly the surrounding walls were dotted with torches, the banners covered the sky, the swords and guns were dazzling, and the sound of gongs and drums could be heard endlessly.A group of men and horses rushed out of the city like the wind and lightning.
In the flickering of the fire, only the neighing of war horses was heard, and swords and guns struck each other, like a rushing river, covering the sky and covering the earth, and I don't know how many soldiers and horses there are.The generals of the Yellow Turban Army didn't know the details of the officers and soldiers. In a hurry, the soldiers could not find the generals, and the generals could not take care of the soldiers.With quick legs, he fled across mountains and ridges to Yingchuan City, the base camp of the Yellow Turban Army.Seeing that the situation was over, Bo Cai had no choice but to run for his life.
Cao Cao had expected that the enemy would flee to Yingchuan. In order to annihilate the Yellow Turban Army in one fell swoop, Cao Cao pre-set a plan: let Cao Ren select dozens of alert and strong soldiers, put them on the captured Yellow Turban armor, and pretend to be a soldier. As the Yellow Turban Army, wait for the opportunity to break into the enemy's interior.When the two sides fought, the Yellow Turban was defeated and mixed with the defeated soldiers, so they entered Yingchuan City effortlessly.While those yellow scarf soldiers were fleeing for their lives in a hurry, how could they care whether there were real or fake among them?
The soldiers of Yingchuan City saw the defeated soldiers coming in like a tide, all of them were dressed in yellow scarves and dressed in the same color. They couldn't tell the real from the fake in a hurry, so they opened the gate and let them into the city together.
When Cao Ren and his men entered the city, they split up and moved. Some surveyed the terrain, some surveyed the deployment of the defenders, and some scouted the enemy's strength. Anyway, they were everywhere in the streets and alleys.
Those yellow turban soldiers only considered themselves brothers and did not take any precautions.Cao Ren and others figured out the situation, then drew a sketch, attached a letter, and agreed that at [-]:[-] noon tomorrow, the inside should cooperate with the outside, and the enemy would break the city; he ordered the soldiers to draw their bows and arrows, and shoot the letter into the official barracks outside the city.The next day, Yingchuan was breached, and the Yellow Turban Army here was wiped out.Cao Cao was named Prime Minister of Jinan by the imperial court because of his great contribution.
Cao Cao first used the right time and place to drive the enemy away with a fire attack, and then used the trick of deceiving the truth to sneak his own people into the enemy's lair, and finally defeated the enemy by attacking inside and outside.This series of actions can be described as clean and neat, reflecting Cao Cao's capable and non-sloppy style of acting, as well as his superb military accomplishment.
Using falsehoods to deceive the truth can often hide secret tricks in public actions without the enemy's knowledge, instead of repelling the public form. Very public things often contain very confidential things.
Concealing the sky and crossing the sea is a tactic of showing falsehood and concealing the truth. In war, it is a strategy that uses people's common and unsuspecting mentality to camouflage a battle, conceal the army's assembly and launch an attack attempt, in order to achieve surprise. It is a military strategy. and strategies commonly used in social activities.
Four trees bloom and grow to intimidate the enemy
During the Yellow Turban Uprising, Zhang Yan, the leader of the Black Mountain Army, broke through Puyang City and killed Wang Gong, the prefect of Dongjun.Then continue to build warships, collect civilian ships, prepare to cross the Yellow River, enter Qingzhou, expand the territory and increase influence, and absorb more people to join the Black Mountain Army.
After half a month, it was the mid-autumn season, and the autumn was crisp and clear, just in time for the use of troops.Zhang Yan saw that his subordinates were also preparing to stop the boats, and the morale of the villages was very high, so he sent an order to send troops. 30 troops boarded the boat at the same time, and thousands of sails raced across the river for a while, which made people feel excited.All the ships are like arrows flying straight to Jinyi Ferry.Unexpectedly, when the boat reached the shore, it was held up by the beach.The soldiers had to disembark and prepare to wade ashore.
Suddenly there was a sound of cannon outside the embankment. On the embankment, suddenly there were many swords and guns, flags and flags covered the sky, and groups of officers and soldiers suddenly appeared densely and lined up the embankment.The Montenegrin soldiers and horses were in shock, but they saw the officers and soldiers on the embankment with their bows and arrows, and the arrows flew like a storm.On the beach, smooth as a mirror, unobstructed, the Montenegrin army was caught off guard and fell down in an instant.The rest took a few steps back and lay down in the water, not daring to raise their heads.
It turned out that Cao Cao had already anticipated the intention of the Black Mountain Army, and secretly ordered Xiahou Dun to lead 5 troops, prepare more crossbow arrows, and lie in ambush outside the embankment for a long time, waiting for the arrival of the Black Mountain Army.When Xiahou Dun saw the Heishan army disembarking from the ship and landed, he took advantage of the unsteady footing and fired a cannon, ordering the sergeant to fight out with all his strength, which caught the Heishan army by surprise and took advantage of it.
Zhang Yan was furious at first when the landing was not going well, and seeing this scene, he became even more furious.So the boat that got off came, led the people and horses himself, and rushed to the embankment again.Seeing that the time had come, Xiahou Dun waved the command flag in his hand, and 5 people marched out, condescending, and pressed straight towards the water's edge like a towering building.For a moment, it was like a landslide and a ground crack, and the flood burst its embankment.Seeing that the officers and soldiers were unstoppable, the Montenegrin soldiers retreated one after another, waded into the boat, and fled to the other side of the Yellow River.
Zhang Yan ordered the soldiers not to retreat to the ship, but he couldn't control the situation at all, so he swung his halberd and stabbed several soldiers who boarded the ship to death one after another. Make plans on the other side.Unexpectedly, when the boat got to the other side, there were officers and soldiers on both sides of the ferry, on the embankment that stretched for tens of miles, with swords, guns, swords and halberds. The shining weapons glared at the sun and made people feel chilling.
At this time, Cao Cao had not raised his army not long ago, and there were not many troops. How could he cover the mountains and plains, covering the sky and the sun?It turned out that Cao Cao had already made a calculation. He knew that the generals of the Black Mountain army were from the north, and they were not very familiar with water.Although the strength of the Black Mountain Army was several times greater than Cao Cao's, Cao Cao understood that as long as they were not allowed to go ashore, it would be difficult to take advantage of their large numbers.
How can we keep them from going ashore?Cao Cao came up with a plan to "blossom on the tree".So he ordered Cao Ren to plant banners and scarecrows on both sides of the ferry for tens of miles, stretching for dozens of miles, bluffing and pretending to be suspicious soldiers, and then only a few people waved flags at each place, using false ones to confuse real ones, so that the soldiers of Montenegro were confused. Dare to go ashore.
Seeing that the shore was full of officers and soldiers, Zhang Yan was quite shocked.In a hurry, I couldn't get to the shore, so I ordered my subordinates to turn the bow of the boat and go eastward with the waves, trying to choose a suitable place before landing.
Unexpectedly, there are 2 Yangzhou athletes under Cao Ren's subordinates. They were born in the water town since they were young, and they are familiar with water, so they have already prepared and stood by.Cao Ren saw that the Heishan army did not dare to go ashore, so he waved the command flag. The 2 Yangzhou athletes stripped naked, armed with short knives, dived into the water together, and swam close to the Heishan army fleet. After a few strokes, the boat turned upside down.After the northern Montenegrin troops entered the water, after struggling a few times, they sank to the bottom of the water and lost their breath.Coupled with a heavy armor, it was even more inconvenient to move in the water. Cao Bing stabbed him one by one, like slaughtering fish and turtles, and killed him immediately. The Black Mountain Army was almost wiped out.
There is only Zhang Yan, who was born by the Hutuo River since he was a child. He has excellent water skills and is quick-witted.As soon as he entered the water, he knew something was wrong, so he groped to take off his armor, leaving only a single knife in his hand, and the officers and soldiers couldn't get close to him, so he let him swim eastward along the water alone, and later he joined the Yellow Turban Army.Most of the remaining Black Mountain Army was also reorganized by Cao Cao.
Blooming on the tree is to take advantage of the situation to show power. The original intention means that there are no flowers on the tree, but artificial flowers can be pasted on the branches, just like real flowers.When the situation is unfavorable and one's own forces are small, borrowing other available forces to create a favorable situation for oneself, making the lineup appear strong and confusing the opponent, this is a policy that form and content promote each other and bring out the best in each other.
Wild geese fly high and line up across the sky, relying on countless long wings to boost their momentum, so it is said that "the swans are on land, and their feathers can be used as instruments."The meaning here is to say: cleverly borrowing the power of others, the formation is neat and orderly, as majestic as a well-ordered formation of geese.
Cao Cao has always liked deceit. When he didn't have enough troops, he was able to use falsehoods to confuse the real ones, use the situation to gain power, and defeat the large and powerful Black Mountain Army. It is indeed commendable.
Five desires to take the first plan
As an outstanding military strategist, Cao Cao never fought unprepared battles in his life.Material preparations are also detailed and comprehensive.Food, luggage, etc. are all considered, and the deployment of troops is also well thought out.His belief is that there is no fortress that cannot be attacked and no enemy that cannot be defeated.Don't be angry for a while, this is a qualified general.
Cao Cao always despised the enemy strategically and encouraged his soldiers; but he always paid attention to the enemy tactically.It is worth noting that before Cao Cao attacks the enemy, he must conduct a thorough survey of the opponent's situation in all aspects, collect intelligence, and then analyze the enemy's information in detail to formulate a careful and meticulous combat plan. Examples of this are in His military career abounded.
Before the Battle of Guandu, Cao Cao heard the news that Yuan Shao was coming to attack, and immediately summoned civil servants and generals to discuss countermeasures.As a result, everyone expressed that Yuan Shao's approach was menacing and unstoppable.Indeed, judging from the situation at the time, Yuan Cao's power balance was very different.However, after Cao Cao comprehensively analyzed the situation of both the enemy and us, he concluded that: Yuan Shao was ambitious but lacked in intelligence;To think that Cao Jun has a chance to win is to despise the enemy strategically.
Based on the above analysis, Cao Cao decided to adopt the strategic policy of waiting for work with leisure and striking later, and implemented three strategies in a row.First attack east and west to break the siege of Baima; secondly retreat south to lure the enemy and ambush Wen Chou; finally attack Wuchao at night and burn Yuan Jun's food and grass.Finally, with 10 troops, Yuan Shao defeated Yuan Shao's 100 million people, creating a famous example in Chinese military history that the few defeated the many, and the weak defeated the strong.From beginning to end, Cao Cao's strategies and tactics such as initiative, flexibility, and quick decision have been fully displayed.The results of the decisive battle and the problems that may be encountered in the decisive battle were also foreseen in the analysis and planning between Cao Cao and the officials before the battle, and corresponding measures were taken calmly to solve them one by one. Mistakenly chopping firewood.
Before Cao Cao attacked Ma Chao and Han Sui in the battle of Weinan, he had already begun to plan how to become famous, how to quickly defeat the enemy, and finally achieve the goal of occupying Kansai.Cao Cao spent a lot of thought on this aspect. Since Ma Chao and others accepted the appointment of the imperial court in name, if he rashly sent troops to attack them, the public opinion would be against him.After analysis, Cao Cao believed that if he claimed to attack Zhang Lu in Hanzhong, it would be a good excuse.Because to send troops to Hanzhong, Cao Jun must pass through Guanzhong, Ma Chao will naturally have doubts, and he will definitely raise his troops to rebel.At that time, if we send troops to crusade again, it will be justified.
The development of the situation was as expected by Cao Cao. Ma Chao believed that Cao Jun was here to attack him, so he joined forces with other forces to fight against Cao Jun.At this time, someone reminded Cao Cao: "Guanzhong soldiers are strong in fighting power, and they are accustomed to fighting with spears, so they are difficult to deal with." Cao Cao replied confidently: "I will prevent them from using their strengths." Facts show that Cao Cao did this. One point, he used divisive tactics to seize the initiative in combat and make the enemy powerless.This method of knowing the enemy and knowing oneself, being self-centered, and defeating the enemy fully demonstrates Cao Cao's military strategy.
It is particularly worth mentioning that Cao's operations are not limited to the gains and losses of a moment and a place, but set a very long-term goal.At the beginning of the Weinan Campaign, Cao Cao was very happy to learn that the enemy's soldiers and horses were successively concentrating on Tongguan.In this regard, the generals are very strange-why does the more enemies there are, the happier he feels?In fact, this is exactly where Cao Cao's foresight and strategy are superhuman, and he has planned it long ago.Cao Cao explained to the soldiers: "The Guanzhong area is vast, with many mountains and rivers and passes. If their various armed forces defend themselves against danger, then we have to pacify them one by one. It won't be possible in a year or two. It took a lot of time. They gathered together, although there are a large number of them, but there is no unified command, and they are not convinced by each other, so they can be wiped out in one fell swoop. This is much less troublesome than eating them one by one, so I am happy." By It can be seen that Cao Cao has figured out the enemy thoroughly, so he appears to be confident and calm when fighting.
In the 20th year of Jian'an (215 A.D.), Cao Cao marched west to Zhanglu. When he arrived in Hanzhong, he saw the mountains and mountains here, and he thought that "the military food is quite lacking" after a long journey. When Liu Bei was conquered in the west, Cao Cao "sent Jia Kui to Xiegu to observe the situation".All these can show that Cao Cao attaches great importance to specific analysis of specific issues and never acts hastily.
Before the start of each battle, Cao Cao was able to conduct careful investigation, research and overall planning, and worked out a detailed combat plan. Therefore, except for a few battles such as the Battle of Chibi, Cao Cao was able to know the enemy's army well and accurately. Predict possible changes in the war and ultimately win.
[-]. Show off your strength and preemptively scare your opponents
Cao Cao relied on the remaining prestige of the Battle of Guandu, defeated Yuan's Group in one go, and put down Wuhuan, and his reputation was greatly boosted for a while.After unifying the north, he led the army to conquer Liu Biao and attack Jingzhou.Liu Biao was weak and had no great ambitions. When he saw Cao Cao going south, he became anxious for a while and died of illness soon after.Under the coercion of Cai Mao, Liu Cong, the second son, inherited Jingzhou Mu and led the army to station in Xiangyang.Liu Qi, the eldest son of Liu Biao, fled to Jiangxia. Liu Bei has been stationed in Xinye since he attached himself to Liu Biao.
Cao Cao's soldiers came covering the sky and covering the sun, and soon drove Liu Bei's army in Xinye away.Frightened by Cao Cao's power, Cai Mao had long intended to surrender and coerced Liu Cong to surrender to Cao Cao voluntarily.On the surface, Cao Cao agreed to let Liu Cong be the shepherd of Qingzhou, but secretly sent someone to kill him and his mother, Mrs. Cai.Go after Liu Bei again.
When Liu Bei heard that Cao Cao was coming with a large army, he knew that he was invincible, so he abandoned Fancheng and fled south.When they arrived in Dangyang, they were overtaken by Cao Jun, unable to resist, and fled in defeat.When we arrived in Mianshui, we happened to meet Liu Qi, and we went to Xiakou together.Later, he took the opportunity to seize a large tract of land.Relying on his prestige and strong military power, Cao Cao surrendered Liu Cong effortlessly and took Jingzhou into his own.Driving Liu Bei to run around again is also a means of showing off his strength to gain his reputation and intimidate his opponents, and it has received good results.
Cao Cao knew that Liu Bei had great ambitions, so he had to get rid of him.Therefore, Cao Cao refused to let Liu Bei go, and sent a large army to Xiakou, taking the opportunity to lead the war to Soochow.Cao Cao had long had the ambition to unify the world. Wouldn't it be great if he could defeat Liu Bei in one fell swoop and subdue Soochow?Therefore, Cao Cao took the opportunity to Chen Bing on the north bank of the Yangtze River, eyeing the south of the Yangtze River.
Cao Cao's soldiers are pressing down on the situation. At this time, Sun Quan's decision will affect the development of the situation: follow Cao to attack Liu, then Cao Cao can defeat Liu Bei in one battle, but he will be naked under the threat of Cao Cao, which is not good for himself; Resisting Cao will offend Cao Cao, but it will not cause a disadvantageous situation in the situation.Sun Quan had both ambitions and fear of Cao Cao's power, so it was difficult to decide for a while.
At this time, Cao Cao was also in a dilemma: if he pushed too hard, he might promote the alliance between Sun and Liu, which would put him at a disadvantage; There are so many soldiers and horses, the cost is huge, and it will not last long. Cao Cao is quite hesitant about this.Counselor Xun You took the opportunity to formulate a strategy for Cao Cao to use military showing off as a diplomatic backing, that is: while showing off with great fanfare, to form a continuous deterrent to Sun Quan; while writing to Sun Quan, inviting Sun Quan and Cao Jun to attack Liu Bei.After the discussion is completed, Jingzhou can be divided equally with Sun Quan.
According to Xun You's prediction, Sun Quan must be moved when he saw that he would get half of Jingzhou after victory.Coupled with Cao Cao's strong military deterrence, "Sun Quan will inevitably surrender in surprise." In this way, not only the possibility of the Sun-Liu alliance is completely disintegrated, but even the land of Jiangdong can be decided without a fight. Cao Cao's strategy is appreciated by everyone.Therefore, a total of 83 armed forces, known as a million, "connected to Jing and Gorges in the west, connected to Qihuang in the east, and connected three hundred miles from Zhaizha".
This strategy was about to succeed—many of Sun Quan's officials, under the pressure of the situation, asked to surrender Cao and then attack Liu Bei. This is the "Wan'an strategy".It is not insufficient to not offend Cao Cao and obtain land.He even made a hero like Sun Quan "decided" several times between the two diplomatic choices of Shuncao and Jieliu.If it weren't for Zhou Yu and Zhuge Liang's subsequent insistence on resisting Cao, the outcome of the Battle of Chibi would be unpredictable.Although this plan was unsuccessful, Xun You's strategy of blocking the alliance between Sun and Liu was very clever and extremely correct. It had a high strategic vision and at least achieved the goal of "preemptive strikes".
Cao Cao holds millions of soldiers in his hands, and first of all he won in terms of momentum.In addition, he is good at taking advantage of conditions, taking this opportunity as a threat, wooing opponents, disrupting the deployment of opponents, and putting opponents in a dilemma, which has to be admired. "Historical Records·Xiang Yu Benji" mentions: "Be the first to attack, and then be controlled by others." It means that if you launch an attack first, you can gain the initiative and control the situation; if you respond passively after the opponent attacks, you will be punished The opponent's control is not good for oneself.It can be said that Cao Cao seized the enemy's vacillating attitude, acted first, and won the first opportunity.
There is a Chinese saying: "Strike first to be strong, and then suffer disaster." I would rather strike the enemy first than let the enemy attack me first.In addition, Cao Cao had such a famous saying for a long time: "It is better to teach me to defeat the people of the world than to teach the people of the world to defeat me." I think it should be handy to use Cao Cao's preemptive means.Preemptive strikes can create an atmosphere of urgency for the enemy, disturb the enemy's mind, and make it difficult to make a comprehensive decision for a while. It is a good strategy, so it is still necessary to strike first.
Seven Surrounds Wei and Rescue Zhao to Relieve the Danger of Fancheng
In the early period of the Three Kingdoms, Cao Cao, Liu Bei, and Sun Quan wrestled with each other, and there were frequent conspiracies and treacherous schemes.Among them, Cao Cao is the best at this technique. Among the three, only he thought of using Liu Bei and Sun Quan, but these two never thought of using Cao Cao.This may be Cao Cao's excellence.
Xiangyang and Fancheng are important military towns in the north of Jingzhou. After the Battle of Chibi, they became Cao Cao's territory. Cao Cao sent heavy troops to guard the place to wait for the opportunity.As early as in "Longzhong Dui", Zhuge Liang determined the plan of "occupying Jingzhou, sending troops to Wan and Luo, and rejuvenating the Han Dynasty". In the 24th year of Jian'an (219 AD), in order to create this condition, Liu Bei decided to launch the Xiangfan Campaign. And sent Guan Yu to organize this large-scale attack.Guan Yu sent two generals to stay in Jiangling and Public Security.He personally led the army to attack Fancheng.
Cao Ren, the general guard of the Wei army in Fancheng, hurriedly asked Cao Cao for help.Cao Cao sent two generals Yu Jin and Pang De to lead seven troops to reinforce.Cao Ren ordered them to station troops on the flat ground to the north of Fancheng, and to coordinate with the city, so that Guan Yu could not attack the city.
When the two sides were in a stalemate, it rained heavily in Fancheng.The Han River rose sharply, and the water on the flat land was more than ten feet above the ground.Yu Jin's barracks were set up on flat ground, and floods rushed in from all directions, completely submerging the barracks of the Seventh Army.Yu Jin and his soldiers had to swim to find a high ground to avoid the water.
Guan Yu had long grasped Yu Jin's weakness of camping on flat ground.Taking advantage of the flood, he arranged a group of large and small ships, and led the water army to attack Cao's army.They first surrounded the general and asked him to lay down his arms and surrender.Surrounded by a small mound in the Han River, Yu Jin had no way to retreat, so he surrendered dejectedly.
Pound took another group of soldiers to a river embankment to avoid water.Guan Yu's water army besieged them, and the archers on board shot arrows on the embankment together.
One of Pound's subordinates was frightened and said to Pound, "Let's surrender!"
Pound scolded the general for his lack of ambition, and drew his sword to kill him on the embankment.Seeing Pound's resoluteness, the soldiers followed him to resist.Pang De took three soldiers and snatched a small boat from the soldiers of the Shu army, intending to escape to Fancheng.Unexpectedly, a wave came and capsized the boat.Pound fell into the water and was captured alive by Guan Yu's navy.
The soldiers took Pang De back to Guan Yu's camp.Guan Yu persuaded him to surrender with kind words.Pang De cursed and said: "The King of Wei has one million horses in his hands, and his power shakes the world; your master Liu Bei is just a mediocre man, how can he fight against the King of Wei. I would rather be the ghost of the country than you General!"
Seeing that there was no hope of surrendering, Guan Yu was afraid that he would escape, so he ordered the soldiers to kill Pang De.
Guan Yu wiped out the seven armies of Yu Jin and Pang De, and took advantage of the victory to attack Fancheng.Fancheng was flooded with water inside and out, and the city walls were damaged in several places by the flood.Cao Ren's soldiers were all frightened.Someone said to Cao Ren, "We can't defend the situation now. Before Guan Yu's navy can encircle us, let's escape in a small boat!"
Cao Ren also felt that it was hopeless to defend the city, so he discussed it with Man Chong who was defending the city together.Man Chong said: "The flood comes and goes quickly, and the water will recede in a few days. I heard that Guan Yu has sent people to attack northward on another road. He didn't dare to march because he was afraid that we would intercept him. Back road. If we escape, we will lose a large area south of the Yellow River, please hold on a little longer, general."
Cao Ren felt that what Man Chong said was reasonable, so he encouraged the soldiers to stick to it.At this time, Sun Lang, a commoner in Lu Hun (northeast of Song County, Henan today), launched an uprising, killed the county officials, and responded to Guan Yu.In the south of Xudu, there are many other people who responded.Guan Yu thus shocked the Central Plains.
When Cao Cao, the king of Wei, arrived in Luoyang, he was a little flustered when he received reports from various parties.He discussed with all the officials and planned to give up Xu Du temporarily to avoid Guan Yu's momentum.
Counselor Sima Yi said: "My lord, don't worry. I think Liu Bei and Sun Quan are very harmonious on the surface, but in fact they are very suspicious of each other. This time Guan Yu became famous all over the world, and Sun Quan must not be happy. Why don't we send someone to lobby Sun Quan and promise to bring Jiangdong to the world?" Give him the seal, and ask him to attack Guan Yu, so that the siege of Fancheng will naturally be lifted."
After hearing this, Cao Cao thought the plan was good, so he sent an envoy to see Sun Quan.Sima Yi's analysis of the relationship between Sun and Liu is very correct, which is objective and realistic.After Sun and Liu divided Jingzhou equally with the Xiangshui River as the boundary, Sun Quan apparently maintained the alliance between Sun and Liu, but in fact he still wanted to take all of Jingzhou as his own.Therefore, when Guan Yu's army besieged Fancheng, he also wanted to recover Jingzhou in one fell swoop.At this time, Cao Cao's envoy came to visit Sun Quan and expressed Cao Cao's opinions and hopes to Sun Quan.
Sun Quan was considering taking advantage of the emptiness of Jingzhou to send troops to attack. He was worried that Cao Cao would take the opportunity to attack Soochow when Jingzhou was captured.After knowing what Cao Cao meant, he immediately wrote a reply letter to Cao Cao, expressing his willingness to serve Cao Cao. The letter said: "Soon I will send troops to the west to attack Jingzhou. Jiangling and Public Security are connected. If Guan Yu loses These two cities will definitely escape on their own, and the siege of the noble army in Fancheng will be lifted without rescue. I hope you will keep this secret and not leak it, lest Guan Yu be on guard."
Cao Cao was very happy to see this secret letter.At this point, using Sun Quan to realize his strategy of besieging Wei and saving Zhao is considered complete. The strategy of "surrounding Wei and saving Zhao" is the optimal strategy in the situation where the enemy is strong and we are weak.There are three main points: divide the troops to control them, strike later and shift the target to attack the enemy's vital points.The ancients believed that managing troops is like controlling water. For fierce enemies, the method of mobilizing and diverting them should be adopted to avoid their sharp edges, and then they should be surrounded separately and defeated one by one.
Cao Cao's plan focuses on the word "rescue", and the core is the "target transfer method".This is the best way to get out of a difficult situation.
Those who follow me will prosper and the world's schemes belong to me
For the strong, achieving the goal is the most important thing, and the means are just a means of transitioning from action to goal.In ancient times, a brave rider would prepare excellent fodder for his Maxima, no matter how many difficulties he encountered, but the rider who won the victory always let the horse go to Nanshan, and no one can start and end well with the horse. Therefore, means Never be a target.Although talents are used by others, they are only in the nature of service. Bao has no power beyond the user.Cao Cao is such a person who clearly distinguishes between tools and goals.As he advertised, "I use all the think tanks in the world. But if the think tanks cannot be used by me, it is better to destroy them ruthlessly."
Cao Cao's think tank first succeeded in seeking political advantages for Cao Cao.Luoyang has been dilapidated since the rebellion of Dong Zhuo. After Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty returned to the capital, all the officials of the court stood in the weeds and had no food to eat. , Ask about the emperor's difficulties.
At this time, Cao Cao's think tank came up with a good idea for Cao Cao.Xun Yu said: "In the past, Duke Wen of the Jin Dynasty accepted King Xiang of Zhou, and the princes obeyed; Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty mourned for Emperor Yi, and the world returned to his heart; today, Zi Mengchen, the general sincerely advocated righteous soldiers at this time. Slightly. If you don’t draw it early, people will do it before me.” Cao was overjoyed.
Xun Yu's words found a good excuse for Cao Cao to raise troops: the emperor suffered difficulties.The country is covered with dust, and it is time to take this opportunity to initiate volunteer soldiers, to push and defeat the emperor, to follow the expectations of the public, and to achieve grand plans and great achievements. This is a god-sent opportunity.These words prompted Cao Cao to make a quick decision, and immediately sent General Cao Hong to lead troops west to meet Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty, taking the first step of holding the emperor.Then Cao Cao became good friends with Dong Zhao, and Dong Zhao came up with a good plan for Cao Cao: "Tell the minister clearly that the capital has no food, and he wants to move to Xudu, near Luyang, to transfer food, and there will be no worries about lack of food. . ” Played to the emperor, “It is the best policy to move the capital to luck.” Cao Cao then used the pretext of being close to Liang Wuyou to transfer the emperor and all the officials away from Luoyang, the old capital that was still powerful, and made Yang Feng and other ministers who were dissatisfied The tiger falls on the plain.So far, the plan of holding the emperor has matured.
After Cao Cao took Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty to Xudu, he took the emperor to order the princes and occupied the political time.He entrusted his own advisers and generals, and formed a powerful military group, and he often took military actions abroad under the banner of the emperor, and the common people responded in unison, which laid a solid foundation for him to unify the north later.
Behind almost every brilliant strategy is one or more brilliant strategists. Behind Cao Cao, the master of Yin-Yang strategy, there are many military advisers and talents. Cao Cao's many thought-provoking wise strategies enabled Cao Cao to jump out of the limitations of personal thinking and become a long-term visionary strategy master.In many cases, bystanders are more aware of the situation at hand than those in authority. If those in authority are good at following other people's advice, they will act more wisely.Cao Cao adopted the strategy of Xun Yu and Dong Zhao, and avoided many detours.It can be seen that changing collective wisdom into his own personal wisdom is Cao Cao's greatest strategy.
There are many forms of war, but the analysis of the battle situation is often confused by the authorities and clear by the bystanders. Therefore, in battle, it is one of the invincible military strategies to wait for labor and reap the benefits of the fisherman.Especially when the battle situation is still unclear and it is impossible to judge the outcome of the most square, the strategy of adopting think tanks should become a decision-making system.
Cao Cao has an excellent think tank. Many leaders who have boasted throughout the ages cannot do without all kinds of think tanks if they want to achieve great things.As the saying goes: "Three cobblers, there is one Zhuge Liang".We must rely not only on ourselves, but also on the wisdom of others, like Cao Cao, in order to survive and develop.Since ancient times, people who are good at borrowing the wisdom of others have broad horizons and flexible thinking.
Think tank figures have existed since ancient times.In ancient my country, there were so-called diners, advisers, military advisers, and admonishers. These people advised the rulers at that time to secure the world, guard the country, and prevent foreign invasion.The rulers of all dynasties also understood that in order to consolidate their foundation and expand their rule, their own ability alone is not enough. Therefore, many rulers recruited sages, virtuous ministers, and admonishing ministers. For example, Qin Shihuang recruited Li Si and Han Fei. and other talents; Liu Bang reused Zhang Liang, Xiao He, Han Xin and other sages; Liu Bei even "visited the thatched cottage three times" and asked Zhuge Liang to come out of the mountain. These famous counselors in history all contributed great wisdom to the rulers at that time.
(End of this chapter)
As soon as the plan is planned, the fake show is really done to deceive Liu Kang
Liu Kang, the king of Jinan, had long planned to rebel. Since Cao Cao came, he found it more difficult to act. If he didn't plan early, he would be discovered by Cao Cao.So Lu Jiu was sent to Nanshan to deliver a letter and let the rebels stand by for orders.Unexpectedly, when Lu Jiu went there, it was like a mud cow entering the sea, and there was no response at all.Liu Kang suspected that Lu Jiu might be captured by Cao Cao, so he was afraid that his plot would be exposed.He thought about it for a long time, and thought that the only way to avoid future troubles was to get rid of Cao Cao, who was then Prime Minister of Jinan.Only in this way can he continue his "great cause".
So, he secretly sent a killer to sneak into Xiangguo's mansion late at night, trying to kill Cao Cao.The killer sneaked into Cao Cao's Prime Minister's Mansion quietly, and saw that the mansion was a huge house, quiet and deserted, except for a little light in the upper room.The killer quietly approached the upper room, put his face on the window sill, and looked in, only to see Cao Cao sitting alone holding a candle, reading a book intently.Seeing that the opportunity was rare, the killer raised his hand without hesitation, and a poison dart flew straight to Cao Cao's face, hitting Cao Cao's eyebrow.The killer thought that the assassination was successful and that the job was done.So, he fled the Prime Minister's Mansion immediately and reported to Liu Kang.
How did the killer know that what he shot was just a puppet. The puppet wore Cao Cao's clothes, Cao Cao's turban, a yellow cloth covering its face, and Cao Cao's face was painted on it.
It turned out that Guo Jia, Cao Cao's adviser, also thought of this move.Lu Jiu went out to deliver the letter, but was captured by Cao Cao on the way.Seeing that he hasn't returned yet, Liu Kang must be suspicious, maybe he will jump over the wall in a hurry and take the risk of killing Cao Cao to silence him, so as not to leak the news.Therefore, Guo Jia persuaded Cao Cao to move to another room, and asked someone to make a puppet and put it in front of the case to prevent accidents.
When Cao Cao heard the movement, he scissored his hands upside down and came out from elsewhere leisurely.Seeing his stand-in suffered such a fatal blow, he couldn't help being speechless and frightened, and he admired Guo Jia's foresight in his heart.Guo Jia pointed to the puppet and said to Cao Cao: "The old thief Liu Kang is so cruel and vicious. If he knows that the assassination has failed today, he will definitely not give up. We might as well use the plan to make him believe it is true, and then look for opportunities to annihilate him."
When Cao Cao heard the words "just plan", he already understood three points in his heart, and couldn't help clapping his hands and laughing.Repeatedly said: "Good! Good! Good! According to Feng Xiao's ingenious plan, let me, Cao, die first, and deceive this old Liu Kang."
After all, even if Cao Ren and Ren Jun were ordered to arrange the funeral overnight, and the government office meeting hall was converted into a temporary mourning hall, Ren Jun did not know where to find a red lacquered coffin and placed it in the middle of the mourning hall.Sacrificial offerings such as cattle, sheep, and pigs were placed in front of the coffin, and joss sticks and paper horses were lit. There were bursts of mourning and joy, and cigarettes were lingering, creating a mournful and desolate atmosphere.
After all these arrangements were made, it was already bright, so all the servants in the government office were ordered to stop working, and they all wore filial piety and plain clothes for mourning.He also asked Bian to bring his son Cao Pi, supported by the girl Chunying, to lie down in front of the coffin, cover his face, and cry bitterly.There were tears but no tears, and others didn't see her. Cao Pi was five or six years old. Seeing such a scene, he really thought it was his father's death, so he cried "Daddy, Daddy" and exchanged tears, so sad.Even the people in the government office, except for Guo Jia, Cao Ren, Ren Jun and other insiders, all thought that the Prime Minister of the State had passed away due to misfortune. Thinking of the good things he had done to them, they couldn't help but shed tears. The crying was loud.
Before dawn, the killer hurriedly reported to Liu Kang that he had killed Cao Cao himself.How could Liu Kang easily believe it?He also sent his cronies, among the people who got up early, to the Yamen of the Prime Minister's Office to find out the truth.After a while, the inspector reported that there was a loud cry in the mansion. Even the common people nearby heard that the Prime Minister died of a serious illness last night. They crowded outside the mansion gate, crying loudly.When Liu Kang heard it, he believed it was true, and a stone in his heart finally fell to the ground.
However, Cao Cao took advantage of the cover during this period, sent additional manpower, tried his best to investigate and collect evidence, and held all the evidence of Liu Kang's rebellious conspiracy in his hands.Then dispatch troops and generals, ready to catch them all.
With the protection of the opponent's strategy, I attach my own clever strategy to it, so that the opponent's strategy can be used by me.When the enemy is harming someone, he is also in danger of being killed and falls into our trap. This is the beauty of scheming.
Because it is hidden under the enemy's conspiracy and tricks, it will not arouse the suspicion of the enemy.In order to get hold of the enemy, Cao Cao did not hesitate to confuse the opponent with "fake death and real mourning". This not only made his trick of making a fake show come true, but also showed that he did not believe in ghosts and gods, was not trapped by the world, and did not hesitate to achieve his goal. The determination to do whatever it takes.
The starting point of using tricks is to fully understand and analyze the opponent's strategy, and then push the boat forward, use tricks on the opponent's tricks, and finally subdue them.
The two tricks are interlocking and interlocking
At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the world was in chaos, and the Yellow Turban Army took advantage of the situation, and the imperial court sent Cao Cao to suppress it.But Cao Cao personally led [-] troops into the territory of Rencheng to defeat the enemy.
Zhang Yan, the leader of the Yellow Turban Army, was alarmed when he heard that Cao Cao's troops were approaching the city.Tang Zhou disapproved and said to the visitor: "Tell Marshal Zhang, as long as you stick to the city, I have a plan to defeat the enemy, so don't worry."
Why is Tang Zhou so calm and composed, and what good strategy does he have to defeat Cao Cao?It turned out that since the Yellow Turban's Southern Expedition, it has won many battles and victories, all thanks to the advice and suggestions of Tang and Zhou.Tang Zhou took credit for his pride, thinking that he was resourceful and resourceful, and that no one in the world could rival him.Attacking Yanzhou now is just a chance to show off your grand plan and achieve the career of king and hegemony.He has already heard about Cao Cao's deeds, and knows that he is an unrivaled hero.Now that I heard that Cao Cao had led troops to come, I suddenly had a strange idea: If I can persuade Cao Cao to join forces with myself and fight against the Han Dynasty together, who can be the enemy in the world today?So without telling Zhang Yan, he wrote a letter to Cao Cao in private to find out Cao Cao's true feelings.
After Cao Cao received the letter, he threw the letter on the ground before he finished reading it, cursing angrily, "Tang Zhou is so crazy that he wants me to surrender to him. Someone, take this messenger out and cut him down!"
Guo Jia, who has always been prudent, hurried forward to stop him: "Master, don't get angry. Tang Junshi is also kind, and I hope the lord will make a long-term plan." After speaking, he winked at Cao Cao, and Cao Cao immediately understood that Guo Jia wanted to use this letter. Letter to do some articles.Hastily turned his anger into joy, and told the guards to treat the envoy well, waiting for the reply.
After the envoy went out, Guo Jia said something to Cao Cao again and again.After hearing this, Cao Cao was overjoyed, took a pen and inkstone, and wrote a letter himself.
Tang Zhou received Cao Cao's letter, read it back and forth several times, and showed hesitation on his face, so he called the envoy and questioned him carefully.The envoy said: "At the beginning, I saw Cao Cao's angry face, and almost beheaded me. Later, he turned his anger into joy and entertained me with wine and food."
After Tang Zhou heard this, he suddenly sneered twice and said, "Thief Cao is really hateful, and he tried to trick me out of the city! This is the skill of a 3-year-old naughty boy, how can he deceive me?" Cao Cao.
Zhang Yanzheng was suffering from being unable to retreat, and after hearing Tang Zhou's arrangement, he immediately turned his worries into joy.Before Tang Zhou's words fell to the ground, he wanted to lead his troops out of the city and threatened to capture Cao Cao with his own hands to avenge Jinyi Ferry.Tang Zhou said calmly: "I expect Cao Cao will think that I will go lightly. There must not be many ambushes. Why should the general go out in person? Just let Zhao Mang bring 8000 elite soldiers, and he will win a complete victory."
So he summoned General Zhao Mang, the god-headed general, and explained it like this.Early the next morning, Zhao Mang went straight to Fandi with 8000 elite soldiers.More than a dozen miles away, you can arrive in the blink of an eye. In the morning light, you can see an earthen platform from a distance, about 1 zhang high, with a big flag with the word "Cao" erected on it. A general is wearing a red robe and a sword hanging from his waist. , Standing on the stage, it seems to be waiting.Hundreds of soldiers were scattered around, Zhao Mang secretly said happily: "Sure enough, it is as expected by the military advisor!"What are these hundreds of soldiers?This time, I, Zhao Mang, should have made such a great achievement! "
Gradually approaching the stage, the red-robed general was still standing still. Zhao Mang concluded that this person was Cao Cao, so he swung the sledgehammer, and the 8000 elite soldiers rushed one after another while shouting "Catch Cao Cao alive".Zeng Cao raised his horse to the platform, laughed loudly, and shouted: "Mr. Tang, you have fallen into my trap. If you don't get off your horse, you will be bound."
Before the words fell, he waved the command flag in his hand and fired a cannon behind the stage. Countless officers and soldiers suddenly seemed to emerge from the ground, rushed up to Zhao Mang's men and horses like a tide, shouting in their mouths: "Catch Tang alive!" week!"
Can ordinary people see Cao Cao's tricks?Since he wanted to lure Tang Zhou out of the city, how could he reveal so many flaws for Tang Zhou to see through?It turned out that Guo Jia proposed two strategies that day: if Tang Zhou saw the letter in Cao Cao's hand and thought it was true, he would definitely come to the meeting in light clothes, and 500 soldiers would be enough to capture him; if Tang Zhou suspected it, he would bring a large force to capture him Cao Cao, therefore sent Cao Ren to lead 2 elite troops to march quietly to Fandi last night in the dead of night.But when the cannon rang out from the general platform, they immediately rushed out, wiped out all the Yellow Turbans, and captured the military commander Tang Zhou alive.This is a calculation within a calculation, and a calculation within a calculation.It's a pity that Zhang Yan and Tang Zhou came out together, and only killed one god-headed general, Zhao Mang.
The chain plan is a strategy to create a burden for the enemy, make it restrain itself, and then attack and annihilate it.From a structural point of view, the serial scoring is divided into two counts: the first counts to pinch the enemy, and the second counts to attack the enemy.The two schemes are used in conjunction, complementing each other, so that you can win.Some people regard the continuous use of more than two strategies to make them interlock with each other and organically form a whole, which is regarded as a series of strategies.This is yet another understanding, and it also has practical implications.This is also recorded in the ancient military books: "There are always tricks, and they are often supplemented by counting. This plan is blocked, and the other plan is born. One end is stagnant and the number is raised. Hundreds of plans can make the enemy's wisdom unpredictable and strengthen the army." Invincible."
[-] Concealing the real and the fake to break the Yellow Turban
One of the Yellow Turban Army was led by General Bocai.Bo Cai was brave and good at fighting, and besieged General Zhu Jun, who was sent by the imperial court to suppress him, in Changshe City, and it was difficult to escape for a while.Zhu Jun had no choice but to send someone to ask for help from the court. Cao Cao led Xingye to rush to reinforce, and soon joined forces with Zhu Jun.
Zhu Jun saw that the reinforcements had arrived, so he raised his account and summoned his generals to discuss strategies to defeat the enemy.Some of the generals insisted on sticking to it, and some advocated recklessly. There were many discussions and no consensus.Zhu Jun frowned, shook his head and remained silent, unable to make up his mind for a moment.
Cao Cao didn't open his mouth to speak. After listening to everyone's speech, he looked at Zhu Jun again, and said impassionedly: "The last general came from outside the city. When he passed the enemy's camp, he had already observed and understood something, and he had a plan in mind. , this time we must use a plan to break him!" Then Cao Cao explained the plan to defeat the enemy.Zhu Jun was overjoyed when he heard this, and even said it was a good plan, so he ordered Cao Cao to follow the plan.
It is the end of spring and the beginning of summer at this time, the climate is dry and the weather is hot.That night, it was so dark that you couldn't see your fingers, and it was overcast, with strong winds, flying sand and rocks, and the weather was very bad.
Bocai, the leader of the Yellow Turban Army, relied on his superb martial arts skills and had a large number of troops.I thought that after a few fights, the officers and soldiers were terrified, and they didn't pay attention to Cao Cao's reinforcements at all.Now the officers and soldiers are huddled inside the city, not daring to show their heads. He happened to surround the city, and when the food in the city ran out, he could break the city in one fell swoop.It's dark and windy tonight, and the officers and soldiers dare not come out, so they can sit back and relax.So he and the big and small leaders gathered in the big tent, drinking for fun, drinking five and six.It wasn't until midnight that the generals fell asleep drunk.
Little did he know that Cao Cao had already taken advantage of the bad weather to take action.I didn't work hard, but I heard the drums in the city shaking the sky, people outside the tent were clamoring, and someone shouted "fire".
Bo Cai hurriedly got up, ran outside the tent and raised his eyes to wait and see, only to see that the flames in the Dazhai were soaring into the sky, and the tents, big and small, were on fire one after another.The fire follows the wind, and the wind helps the fire to burn more and more vigorously.The soldiers fled in all directions, unable to parry.
It turned out that the tents of the Yellow Turban Army were all made of firewood, and the food, grass and firewood were piled up all over the place, without any rules and no precautions.Cao Cao stepped through the camp when rushing to help, and it was precisely after seeing this scene that he came up with the plan of attacking with fire.
Seeing this scene, Bocai broke out in a cold sweat, and was about to direct his soldiers to put out the fire, but suddenly the surrounding walls were dotted with torches, the banners covered the sky, the swords and guns were dazzling, and the sound of gongs and drums could be heard endlessly.A group of men and horses rushed out of the city like the wind and lightning.
In the flickering of the fire, only the neighing of war horses was heard, and swords and guns struck each other, like a rushing river, covering the sky and covering the earth, and I don't know how many soldiers and horses there are.The generals of the Yellow Turban Army didn't know the details of the officers and soldiers. In a hurry, the soldiers could not find the generals, and the generals could not take care of the soldiers.With quick legs, he fled across mountains and ridges to Yingchuan City, the base camp of the Yellow Turban Army.Seeing that the situation was over, Bo Cai had no choice but to run for his life.
Cao Cao had expected that the enemy would flee to Yingchuan. In order to annihilate the Yellow Turban Army in one fell swoop, Cao Cao pre-set a plan: let Cao Ren select dozens of alert and strong soldiers, put them on the captured Yellow Turban armor, and pretend to be a soldier. As the Yellow Turban Army, wait for the opportunity to break into the enemy's interior.When the two sides fought, the Yellow Turban was defeated and mixed with the defeated soldiers, so they entered Yingchuan City effortlessly.While those yellow scarf soldiers were fleeing for their lives in a hurry, how could they care whether there were real or fake among them?
The soldiers of Yingchuan City saw the defeated soldiers coming in like a tide, all of them were dressed in yellow scarves and dressed in the same color. They couldn't tell the real from the fake in a hurry, so they opened the gate and let them into the city together.
When Cao Ren and his men entered the city, they split up and moved. Some surveyed the terrain, some surveyed the deployment of the defenders, and some scouted the enemy's strength. Anyway, they were everywhere in the streets and alleys.
Those yellow turban soldiers only considered themselves brothers and did not take any precautions.Cao Ren and others figured out the situation, then drew a sketch, attached a letter, and agreed that at [-]:[-] noon tomorrow, the inside should cooperate with the outside, and the enemy would break the city; he ordered the soldiers to draw their bows and arrows, and shoot the letter into the official barracks outside the city.The next day, Yingchuan was breached, and the Yellow Turban Army here was wiped out.Cao Cao was named Prime Minister of Jinan by the imperial court because of his great contribution.
Cao Cao first used the right time and place to drive the enemy away with a fire attack, and then used the trick of deceiving the truth to sneak his own people into the enemy's lair, and finally defeated the enemy by attacking inside and outside.This series of actions can be described as clean and neat, reflecting Cao Cao's capable and non-sloppy style of acting, as well as his superb military accomplishment.
Using falsehoods to deceive the truth can often hide secret tricks in public actions without the enemy's knowledge, instead of repelling the public form. Very public things often contain very confidential things.
Concealing the sky and crossing the sea is a tactic of showing falsehood and concealing the truth. In war, it is a strategy that uses people's common and unsuspecting mentality to camouflage a battle, conceal the army's assembly and launch an attack attempt, in order to achieve surprise. It is a military strategy. and strategies commonly used in social activities.
Four trees bloom and grow to intimidate the enemy
During the Yellow Turban Uprising, Zhang Yan, the leader of the Black Mountain Army, broke through Puyang City and killed Wang Gong, the prefect of Dongjun.Then continue to build warships, collect civilian ships, prepare to cross the Yellow River, enter Qingzhou, expand the territory and increase influence, and absorb more people to join the Black Mountain Army.
After half a month, it was the mid-autumn season, and the autumn was crisp and clear, just in time for the use of troops.Zhang Yan saw that his subordinates were also preparing to stop the boats, and the morale of the villages was very high, so he sent an order to send troops. 30 troops boarded the boat at the same time, and thousands of sails raced across the river for a while, which made people feel excited.All the ships are like arrows flying straight to Jinyi Ferry.Unexpectedly, when the boat reached the shore, it was held up by the beach.The soldiers had to disembark and prepare to wade ashore.
Suddenly there was a sound of cannon outside the embankment. On the embankment, suddenly there were many swords and guns, flags and flags covered the sky, and groups of officers and soldiers suddenly appeared densely and lined up the embankment.The Montenegrin soldiers and horses were in shock, but they saw the officers and soldiers on the embankment with their bows and arrows, and the arrows flew like a storm.On the beach, smooth as a mirror, unobstructed, the Montenegrin army was caught off guard and fell down in an instant.The rest took a few steps back and lay down in the water, not daring to raise their heads.
It turned out that Cao Cao had already anticipated the intention of the Black Mountain Army, and secretly ordered Xiahou Dun to lead 5 troops, prepare more crossbow arrows, and lie in ambush outside the embankment for a long time, waiting for the arrival of the Black Mountain Army.When Xiahou Dun saw the Heishan army disembarking from the ship and landed, he took advantage of the unsteady footing and fired a cannon, ordering the sergeant to fight out with all his strength, which caught the Heishan army by surprise and took advantage of it.
Zhang Yan was furious at first when the landing was not going well, and seeing this scene, he became even more furious.So the boat that got off came, led the people and horses himself, and rushed to the embankment again.Seeing that the time had come, Xiahou Dun waved the command flag in his hand, and 5 people marched out, condescending, and pressed straight towards the water's edge like a towering building.For a moment, it was like a landslide and a ground crack, and the flood burst its embankment.Seeing that the officers and soldiers were unstoppable, the Montenegrin soldiers retreated one after another, waded into the boat, and fled to the other side of the Yellow River.
Zhang Yan ordered the soldiers not to retreat to the ship, but he couldn't control the situation at all, so he swung his halberd and stabbed several soldiers who boarded the ship to death one after another. Make plans on the other side.Unexpectedly, when the boat got to the other side, there were officers and soldiers on both sides of the ferry, on the embankment that stretched for tens of miles, with swords, guns, swords and halberds. The shining weapons glared at the sun and made people feel chilling.
At this time, Cao Cao had not raised his army not long ago, and there were not many troops. How could he cover the mountains and plains, covering the sky and the sun?It turned out that Cao Cao had already made a calculation. He knew that the generals of the Black Mountain army were from the north, and they were not very familiar with water.Although the strength of the Black Mountain Army was several times greater than Cao Cao's, Cao Cao understood that as long as they were not allowed to go ashore, it would be difficult to take advantage of their large numbers.
How can we keep them from going ashore?Cao Cao came up with a plan to "blossom on the tree".So he ordered Cao Ren to plant banners and scarecrows on both sides of the ferry for tens of miles, stretching for dozens of miles, bluffing and pretending to be suspicious soldiers, and then only a few people waved flags at each place, using false ones to confuse real ones, so that the soldiers of Montenegro were confused. Dare to go ashore.
Seeing that the shore was full of officers and soldiers, Zhang Yan was quite shocked.In a hurry, I couldn't get to the shore, so I ordered my subordinates to turn the bow of the boat and go eastward with the waves, trying to choose a suitable place before landing.
Unexpectedly, there are 2 Yangzhou athletes under Cao Ren's subordinates. They were born in the water town since they were young, and they are familiar with water, so they have already prepared and stood by.Cao Ren saw that the Heishan army did not dare to go ashore, so he waved the command flag. The 2 Yangzhou athletes stripped naked, armed with short knives, dived into the water together, and swam close to the Heishan army fleet. After a few strokes, the boat turned upside down.After the northern Montenegrin troops entered the water, after struggling a few times, they sank to the bottom of the water and lost their breath.Coupled with a heavy armor, it was even more inconvenient to move in the water. Cao Bing stabbed him one by one, like slaughtering fish and turtles, and killed him immediately. The Black Mountain Army was almost wiped out.
There is only Zhang Yan, who was born by the Hutuo River since he was a child. He has excellent water skills and is quick-witted.As soon as he entered the water, he knew something was wrong, so he groped to take off his armor, leaving only a single knife in his hand, and the officers and soldiers couldn't get close to him, so he let him swim eastward along the water alone, and later he joined the Yellow Turban Army.Most of the remaining Black Mountain Army was also reorganized by Cao Cao.
Blooming on the tree is to take advantage of the situation to show power. The original intention means that there are no flowers on the tree, but artificial flowers can be pasted on the branches, just like real flowers.When the situation is unfavorable and one's own forces are small, borrowing other available forces to create a favorable situation for oneself, making the lineup appear strong and confusing the opponent, this is a policy that form and content promote each other and bring out the best in each other.
Wild geese fly high and line up across the sky, relying on countless long wings to boost their momentum, so it is said that "the swans are on land, and their feathers can be used as instruments."The meaning here is to say: cleverly borrowing the power of others, the formation is neat and orderly, as majestic as a well-ordered formation of geese.
Cao Cao has always liked deceit. When he didn't have enough troops, he was able to use falsehoods to confuse the real ones, use the situation to gain power, and defeat the large and powerful Black Mountain Army. It is indeed commendable.
Five desires to take the first plan
As an outstanding military strategist, Cao Cao never fought unprepared battles in his life.Material preparations are also detailed and comprehensive.Food, luggage, etc. are all considered, and the deployment of troops is also well thought out.His belief is that there is no fortress that cannot be attacked and no enemy that cannot be defeated.Don't be angry for a while, this is a qualified general.
Cao Cao always despised the enemy strategically and encouraged his soldiers; but he always paid attention to the enemy tactically.It is worth noting that before Cao Cao attacks the enemy, he must conduct a thorough survey of the opponent's situation in all aspects, collect intelligence, and then analyze the enemy's information in detail to formulate a careful and meticulous combat plan. Examples of this are in His military career abounded.
Before the Battle of Guandu, Cao Cao heard the news that Yuan Shao was coming to attack, and immediately summoned civil servants and generals to discuss countermeasures.As a result, everyone expressed that Yuan Shao's approach was menacing and unstoppable.Indeed, judging from the situation at the time, Yuan Cao's power balance was very different.However, after Cao Cao comprehensively analyzed the situation of both the enemy and us, he concluded that: Yuan Shao was ambitious but lacked in intelligence;To think that Cao Jun has a chance to win is to despise the enemy strategically.
Based on the above analysis, Cao Cao decided to adopt the strategic policy of waiting for work with leisure and striking later, and implemented three strategies in a row.First attack east and west to break the siege of Baima; secondly retreat south to lure the enemy and ambush Wen Chou; finally attack Wuchao at night and burn Yuan Jun's food and grass.Finally, with 10 troops, Yuan Shao defeated Yuan Shao's 100 million people, creating a famous example in Chinese military history that the few defeated the many, and the weak defeated the strong.From beginning to end, Cao Cao's strategies and tactics such as initiative, flexibility, and quick decision have been fully displayed.The results of the decisive battle and the problems that may be encountered in the decisive battle were also foreseen in the analysis and planning between Cao Cao and the officials before the battle, and corresponding measures were taken calmly to solve them one by one. Mistakenly chopping firewood.
Before Cao Cao attacked Ma Chao and Han Sui in the battle of Weinan, he had already begun to plan how to become famous, how to quickly defeat the enemy, and finally achieve the goal of occupying Kansai.Cao Cao spent a lot of thought on this aspect. Since Ma Chao and others accepted the appointment of the imperial court in name, if he rashly sent troops to attack them, the public opinion would be against him.After analysis, Cao Cao believed that if he claimed to attack Zhang Lu in Hanzhong, it would be a good excuse.Because to send troops to Hanzhong, Cao Jun must pass through Guanzhong, Ma Chao will naturally have doubts, and he will definitely raise his troops to rebel.At that time, if we send troops to crusade again, it will be justified.
The development of the situation was as expected by Cao Cao. Ma Chao believed that Cao Jun was here to attack him, so he joined forces with other forces to fight against Cao Jun.At this time, someone reminded Cao Cao: "Guanzhong soldiers are strong in fighting power, and they are accustomed to fighting with spears, so they are difficult to deal with." Cao Cao replied confidently: "I will prevent them from using their strengths." Facts show that Cao Cao did this. One point, he used divisive tactics to seize the initiative in combat and make the enemy powerless.This method of knowing the enemy and knowing oneself, being self-centered, and defeating the enemy fully demonstrates Cao Cao's military strategy.
It is particularly worth mentioning that Cao's operations are not limited to the gains and losses of a moment and a place, but set a very long-term goal.At the beginning of the Weinan Campaign, Cao Cao was very happy to learn that the enemy's soldiers and horses were successively concentrating on Tongguan.In this regard, the generals are very strange-why does the more enemies there are, the happier he feels?In fact, this is exactly where Cao Cao's foresight and strategy are superhuman, and he has planned it long ago.Cao Cao explained to the soldiers: "The Guanzhong area is vast, with many mountains and rivers and passes. If their various armed forces defend themselves against danger, then we have to pacify them one by one. It won't be possible in a year or two. It took a lot of time. They gathered together, although there are a large number of them, but there is no unified command, and they are not convinced by each other, so they can be wiped out in one fell swoop. This is much less troublesome than eating them one by one, so I am happy." By It can be seen that Cao Cao has figured out the enemy thoroughly, so he appears to be confident and calm when fighting.
In the 20th year of Jian'an (215 A.D.), Cao Cao marched west to Zhanglu. When he arrived in Hanzhong, he saw the mountains and mountains here, and he thought that "the military food is quite lacking" after a long journey. When Liu Bei was conquered in the west, Cao Cao "sent Jia Kui to Xiegu to observe the situation".All these can show that Cao Cao attaches great importance to specific analysis of specific issues and never acts hastily.
Before the start of each battle, Cao Cao was able to conduct careful investigation, research and overall planning, and worked out a detailed combat plan. Therefore, except for a few battles such as the Battle of Chibi, Cao Cao was able to know the enemy's army well and accurately. Predict possible changes in the war and ultimately win.
[-]. Show off your strength and preemptively scare your opponents
Cao Cao relied on the remaining prestige of the Battle of Guandu, defeated Yuan's Group in one go, and put down Wuhuan, and his reputation was greatly boosted for a while.After unifying the north, he led the army to conquer Liu Biao and attack Jingzhou.Liu Biao was weak and had no great ambitions. When he saw Cao Cao going south, he became anxious for a while and died of illness soon after.Under the coercion of Cai Mao, Liu Cong, the second son, inherited Jingzhou Mu and led the army to station in Xiangyang.Liu Qi, the eldest son of Liu Biao, fled to Jiangxia. Liu Bei has been stationed in Xinye since he attached himself to Liu Biao.
Cao Cao's soldiers came covering the sky and covering the sun, and soon drove Liu Bei's army in Xinye away.Frightened by Cao Cao's power, Cai Mao had long intended to surrender and coerced Liu Cong to surrender to Cao Cao voluntarily.On the surface, Cao Cao agreed to let Liu Cong be the shepherd of Qingzhou, but secretly sent someone to kill him and his mother, Mrs. Cai.Go after Liu Bei again.
When Liu Bei heard that Cao Cao was coming with a large army, he knew that he was invincible, so he abandoned Fancheng and fled south.When they arrived in Dangyang, they were overtaken by Cao Jun, unable to resist, and fled in defeat.When we arrived in Mianshui, we happened to meet Liu Qi, and we went to Xiakou together.Later, he took the opportunity to seize a large tract of land.Relying on his prestige and strong military power, Cao Cao surrendered Liu Cong effortlessly and took Jingzhou into his own.Driving Liu Bei to run around again is also a means of showing off his strength to gain his reputation and intimidate his opponents, and it has received good results.
Cao Cao knew that Liu Bei had great ambitions, so he had to get rid of him.Therefore, Cao Cao refused to let Liu Bei go, and sent a large army to Xiakou, taking the opportunity to lead the war to Soochow.Cao Cao had long had the ambition to unify the world. Wouldn't it be great if he could defeat Liu Bei in one fell swoop and subdue Soochow?Therefore, Cao Cao took the opportunity to Chen Bing on the north bank of the Yangtze River, eyeing the south of the Yangtze River.
Cao Cao's soldiers are pressing down on the situation. At this time, Sun Quan's decision will affect the development of the situation: follow Cao to attack Liu, then Cao Cao can defeat Liu Bei in one battle, but he will be naked under the threat of Cao Cao, which is not good for himself; Resisting Cao will offend Cao Cao, but it will not cause a disadvantageous situation in the situation.Sun Quan had both ambitions and fear of Cao Cao's power, so it was difficult to decide for a while.
At this time, Cao Cao was also in a dilemma: if he pushed too hard, he might promote the alliance between Sun and Liu, which would put him at a disadvantage; There are so many soldiers and horses, the cost is huge, and it will not last long. Cao Cao is quite hesitant about this.Counselor Xun You took the opportunity to formulate a strategy for Cao Cao to use military showing off as a diplomatic backing, that is: while showing off with great fanfare, to form a continuous deterrent to Sun Quan; while writing to Sun Quan, inviting Sun Quan and Cao Jun to attack Liu Bei.After the discussion is completed, Jingzhou can be divided equally with Sun Quan.
According to Xun You's prediction, Sun Quan must be moved when he saw that he would get half of Jingzhou after victory.Coupled with Cao Cao's strong military deterrence, "Sun Quan will inevitably surrender in surprise." In this way, not only the possibility of the Sun-Liu alliance is completely disintegrated, but even the land of Jiangdong can be decided without a fight. Cao Cao's strategy is appreciated by everyone.Therefore, a total of 83 armed forces, known as a million, "connected to Jing and Gorges in the west, connected to Qihuang in the east, and connected three hundred miles from Zhaizha".
This strategy was about to succeed—many of Sun Quan's officials, under the pressure of the situation, asked to surrender Cao and then attack Liu Bei. This is the "Wan'an strategy".It is not insufficient to not offend Cao Cao and obtain land.He even made a hero like Sun Quan "decided" several times between the two diplomatic choices of Shuncao and Jieliu.If it weren't for Zhou Yu and Zhuge Liang's subsequent insistence on resisting Cao, the outcome of the Battle of Chibi would be unpredictable.Although this plan was unsuccessful, Xun You's strategy of blocking the alliance between Sun and Liu was very clever and extremely correct. It had a high strategic vision and at least achieved the goal of "preemptive strikes".
Cao Cao holds millions of soldiers in his hands, and first of all he won in terms of momentum.In addition, he is good at taking advantage of conditions, taking this opportunity as a threat, wooing opponents, disrupting the deployment of opponents, and putting opponents in a dilemma, which has to be admired. "Historical Records·Xiang Yu Benji" mentions: "Be the first to attack, and then be controlled by others." It means that if you launch an attack first, you can gain the initiative and control the situation; if you respond passively after the opponent attacks, you will be punished The opponent's control is not good for oneself.It can be said that Cao Cao seized the enemy's vacillating attitude, acted first, and won the first opportunity.
There is a Chinese saying: "Strike first to be strong, and then suffer disaster." I would rather strike the enemy first than let the enemy attack me first.In addition, Cao Cao had such a famous saying for a long time: "It is better to teach me to defeat the people of the world than to teach the people of the world to defeat me." I think it should be handy to use Cao Cao's preemptive means.Preemptive strikes can create an atmosphere of urgency for the enemy, disturb the enemy's mind, and make it difficult to make a comprehensive decision for a while. It is a good strategy, so it is still necessary to strike first.
Seven Surrounds Wei and Rescue Zhao to Relieve the Danger of Fancheng
In the early period of the Three Kingdoms, Cao Cao, Liu Bei, and Sun Quan wrestled with each other, and there were frequent conspiracies and treacherous schemes.Among them, Cao Cao is the best at this technique. Among the three, only he thought of using Liu Bei and Sun Quan, but these two never thought of using Cao Cao.This may be Cao Cao's excellence.
Xiangyang and Fancheng are important military towns in the north of Jingzhou. After the Battle of Chibi, they became Cao Cao's territory. Cao Cao sent heavy troops to guard the place to wait for the opportunity.As early as in "Longzhong Dui", Zhuge Liang determined the plan of "occupying Jingzhou, sending troops to Wan and Luo, and rejuvenating the Han Dynasty". In the 24th year of Jian'an (219 AD), in order to create this condition, Liu Bei decided to launch the Xiangfan Campaign. And sent Guan Yu to organize this large-scale attack.Guan Yu sent two generals to stay in Jiangling and Public Security.He personally led the army to attack Fancheng.
Cao Ren, the general guard of the Wei army in Fancheng, hurriedly asked Cao Cao for help.Cao Cao sent two generals Yu Jin and Pang De to lead seven troops to reinforce.Cao Ren ordered them to station troops on the flat ground to the north of Fancheng, and to coordinate with the city, so that Guan Yu could not attack the city.
When the two sides were in a stalemate, it rained heavily in Fancheng.The Han River rose sharply, and the water on the flat land was more than ten feet above the ground.Yu Jin's barracks were set up on flat ground, and floods rushed in from all directions, completely submerging the barracks of the Seventh Army.Yu Jin and his soldiers had to swim to find a high ground to avoid the water.
Guan Yu had long grasped Yu Jin's weakness of camping on flat ground.Taking advantage of the flood, he arranged a group of large and small ships, and led the water army to attack Cao's army.They first surrounded the general and asked him to lay down his arms and surrender.Surrounded by a small mound in the Han River, Yu Jin had no way to retreat, so he surrendered dejectedly.
Pound took another group of soldiers to a river embankment to avoid water.Guan Yu's water army besieged them, and the archers on board shot arrows on the embankment together.
One of Pound's subordinates was frightened and said to Pound, "Let's surrender!"
Pound scolded the general for his lack of ambition, and drew his sword to kill him on the embankment.Seeing Pound's resoluteness, the soldiers followed him to resist.Pang De took three soldiers and snatched a small boat from the soldiers of the Shu army, intending to escape to Fancheng.Unexpectedly, a wave came and capsized the boat.Pound fell into the water and was captured alive by Guan Yu's navy.
The soldiers took Pang De back to Guan Yu's camp.Guan Yu persuaded him to surrender with kind words.Pang De cursed and said: "The King of Wei has one million horses in his hands, and his power shakes the world; your master Liu Bei is just a mediocre man, how can he fight against the King of Wei. I would rather be the ghost of the country than you General!"
Seeing that there was no hope of surrendering, Guan Yu was afraid that he would escape, so he ordered the soldiers to kill Pang De.
Guan Yu wiped out the seven armies of Yu Jin and Pang De, and took advantage of the victory to attack Fancheng.Fancheng was flooded with water inside and out, and the city walls were damaged in several places by the flood.Cao Ren's soldiers were all frightened.Someone said to Cao Ren, "We can't defend the situation now. Before Guan Yu's navy can encircle us, let's escape in a small boat!"
Cao Ren also felt that it was hopeless to defend the city, so he discussed it with Man Chong who was defending the city together.Man Chong said: "The flood comes and goes quickly, and the water will recede in a few days. I heard that Guan Yu has sent people to attack northward on another road. He didn't dare to march because he was afraid that we would intercept him. Back road. If we escape, we will lose a large area south of the Yellow River, please hold on a little longer, general."
Cao Ren felt that what Man Chong said was reasonable, so he encouraged the soldiers to stick to it.At this time, Sun Lang, a commoner in Lu Hun (northeast of Song County, Henan today), launched an uprising, killed the county officials, and responded to Guan Yu.In the south of Xudu, there are many other people who responded.Guan Yu thus shocked the Central Plains.
When Cao Cao, the king of Wei, arrived in Luoyang, he was a little flustered when he received reports from various parties.He discussed with all the officials and planned to give up Xu Du temporarily to avoid Guan Yu's momentum.
Counselor Sima Yi said: "My lord, don't worry. I think Liu Bei and Sun Quan are very harmonious on the surface, but in fact they are very suspicious of each other. This time Guan Yu became famous all over the world, and Sun Quan must not be happy. Why don't we send someone to lobby Sun Quan and promise to bring Jiangdong to the world?" Give him the seal, and ask him to attack Guan Yu, so that the siege of Fancheng will naturally be lifted."
After hearing this, Cao Cao thought the plan was good, so he sent an envoy to see Sun Quan.Sima Yi's analysis of the relationship between Sun and Liu is very correct, which is objective and realistic.After Sun and Liu divided Jingzhou equally with the Xiangshui River as the boundary, Sun Quan apparently maintained the alliance between Sun and Liu, but in fact he still wanted to take all of Jingzhou as his own.Therefore, when Guan Yu's army besieged Fancheng, he also wanted to recover Jingzhou in one fell swoop.At this time, Cao Cao's envoy came to visit Sun Quan and expressed Cao Cao's opinions and hopes to Sun Quan.
Sun Quan was considering taking advantage of the emptiness of Jingzhou to send troops to attack. He was worried that Cao Cao would take the opportunity to attack Soochow when Jingzhou was captured.After knowing what Cao Cao meant, he immediately wrote a reply letter to Cao Cao, expressing his willingness to serve Cao Cao. The letter said: "Soon I will send troops to the west to attack Jingzhou. Jiangling and Public Security are connected. If Guan Yu loses These two cities will definitely escape on their own, and the siege of the noble army in Fancheng will be lifted without rescue. I hope you will keep this secret and not leak it, lest Guan Yu be on guard."
Cao Cao was very happy to see this secret letter.At this point, using Sun Quan to realize his strategy of besieging Wei and saving Zhao is considered complete. The strategy of "surrounding Wei and saving Zhao" is the optimal strategy in the situation where the enemy is strong and we are weak.There are three main points: divide the troops to control them, strike later and shift the target to attack the enemy's vital points.The ancients believed that managing troops is like controlling water. For fierce enemies, the method of mobilizing and diverting them should be adopted to avoid their sharp edges, and then they should be surrounded separately and defeated one by one.
Cao Cao's plan focuses on the word "rescue", and the core is the "target transfer method".This is the best way to get out of a difficult situation.
Those who follow me will prosper and the world's schemes belong to me
For the strong, achieving the goal is the most important thing, and the means are just a means of transitioning from action to goal.In ancient times, a brave rider would prepare excellent fodder for his Maxima, no matter how many difficulties he encountered, but the rider who won the victory always let the horse go to Nanshan, and no one can start and end well with the horse. Therefore, means Never be a target.Although talents are used by others, they are only in the nature of service. Bao has no power beyond the user.Cao Cao is such a person who clearly distinguishes between tools and goals.As he advertised, "I use all the think tanks in the world. But if the think tanks cannot be used by me, it is better to destroy them ruthlessly."
Cao Cao's think tank first succeeded in seeking political advantages for Cao Cao.Luoyang has been dilapidated since the rebellion of Dong Zhuo. After Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty returned to the capital, all the officials of the court stood in the weeds and had no food to eat. , Ask about the emperor's difficulties.
At this time, Cao Cao's think tank came up with a good idea for Cao Cao.Xun Yu said: "In the past, Duke Wen of the Jin Dynasty accepted King Xiang of Zhou, and the princes obeyed; Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty mourned for Emperor Yi, and the world returned to his heart; today, Zi Mengchen, the general sincerely advocated righteous soldiers at this time. Slightly. If you don’t draw it early, people will do it before me.” Cao was overjoyed.
Xun Yu's words found a good excuse for Cao Cao to raise troops: the emperor suffered difficulties.The country is covered with dust, and it is time to take this opportunity to initiate volunteer soldiers, to push and defeat the emperor, to follow the expectations of the public, and to achieve grand plans and great achievements. This is a god-sent opportunity.These words prompted Cao Cao to make a quick decision, and immediately sent General Cao Hong to lead troops west to meet Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty, taking the first step of holding the emperor.Then Cao Cao became good friends with Dong Zhao, and Dong Zhao came up with a good plan for Cao Cao: "Tell the minister clearly that the capital has no food, and he wants to move to Xudu, near Luyang, to transfer food, and there will be no worries about lack of food. . ” Played to the emperor, “It is the best policy to move the capital to luck.” Cao Cao then used the pretext of being close to Liang Wuyou to transfer the emperor and all the officials away from Luoyang, the old capital that was still powerful, and made Yang Feng and other ministers who were dissatisfied The tiger falls on the plain.So far, the plan of holding the emperor has matured.
After Cao Cao took Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty to Xudu, he took the emperor to order the princes and occupied the political time.He entrusted his own advisers and generals, and formed a powerful military group, and he often took military actions abroad under the banner of the emperor, and the common people responded in unison, which laid a solid foundation for him to unify the north later.
Behind almost every brilliant strategy is one or more brilliant strategists. Behind Cao Cao, the master of Yin-Yang strategy, there are many military advisers and talents. Cao Cao's many thought-provoking wise strategies enabled Cao Cao to jump out of the limitations of personal thinking and become a long-term visionary strategy master.In many cases, bystanders are more aware of the situation at hand than those in authority. If those in authority are good at following other people's advice, they will act more wisely.Cao Cao adopted the strategy of Xun Yu and Dong Zhao, and avoided many detours.It can be seen that changing collective wisdom into his own personal wisdom is Cao Cao's greatest strategy.
There are many forms of war, but the analysis of the battle situation is often confused by the authorities and clear by the bystanders. Therefore, in battle, it is one of the invincible military strategies to wait for labor and reap the benefits of the fisherman.Especially when the battle situation is still unclear and it is impossible to judge the outcome of the most square, the strategy of adopting think tanks should become a decision-making system.
Cao Cao has an excellent think tank. Many leaders who have boasted throughout the ages cannot do without all kinds of think tanks if they want to achieve great things.As the saying goes: "Three cobblers, there is one Zhuge Liang".We must rely not only on ourselves, but also on the wisdom of others, like Cao Cao, in order to survive and develop.Since ancient times, people who are good at borrowing the wisdom of others have broad horizons and flexible thinking.
Think tank figures have existed since ancient times.In ancient my country, there were so-called diners, advisers, military advisers, and admonishers. These people advised the rulers at that time to secure the world, guard the country, and prevent foreign invasion.The rulers of all dynasties also understood that in order to consolidate their foundation and expand their rule, their own ability alone is not enough. Therefore, many rulers recruited sages, virtuous ministers, and admonishing ministers. For example, Qin Shihuang recruited Li Si and Han Fei. and other talents; Liu Bang reused Zhang Liang, Xiao He, Han Xin and other sages; Liu Bei even "visited the thatched cottage three times" and asked Zhuge Liang to come out of the mountain. These famous counselors in history all contributed great wisdom to the rulers at that time.
(End of this chapter)
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