Beneath Deep Space

Life in the universe may be universal, and this is temporarily assumed to be true. Since there is no point of view that can be refuted, scientists decided to temporarily accept this law.

"But we cannot draw a conclusion on whether wisdom is universal, because there is too little information about this..." Professor Heigl said.

"However, we can make guesses based on the existing information... The key is the Great Filter Theory." In Professor Heigl's narration, the logic began to become clear.

According to the classification of Soviet scientist Kardashev, the civilization level of the universe can be divided into three categories: Level I civilization, Level II civilization and Level III civilization. For each level increase, the available energy increases by 10^9 times.

"Our new human civilization, including the old human civilization on Earth, has not reached the level of Level I civilization. According to the classification, our technological level is about Level 0.7, which can give us a glimpse of a corner of Level I civilization."

"I think that at least reaching Level I civilization, or a civilization between Level I and Level II, is qualified to fly in the universe. There should be no doubt about this, right?"

What Heigl said about flying in the universe refers to actually traveling between various stars, not as simple as launching satellites and landing on the moon. The distance between stars is really far, and is generally measured in light years. The closest star to the sun, Alpha Centauri, is 4.37 light years away.

This is in light years! How much is a light year? 9460.8 billion kilometers!

This distance is so large that it is simply despairing. At the fastest speed of human spacecraft at present, it will take 100,000 years to travel!

100,000 years is too long, and it is impossible for humans to do it.

Therefore, at least between level I and level II civilization, the speed of the spacecraft must at least reach the sub-light speed level, and the time of navigation must be shortened to ten or a hundred years, before it can be said that it has taken a small step in traveling in the universe...

Scientists discussed it in a low voice for a while, and agreed with this view. According to this classification, humans are indeed the lowest level of civilization... This sounds uncomfortable, but it is true.

Only when you reach level I civilization, or a civilization between level I and level II, can you accelerate the spacecraft to the sub-light speed level and compress the flight time to dozens or hundreds of years. Only such a civilization can be considered to have entered the starry sky and be a true interstellar civilization!

Humans, not at all... Even if people use the cheating Noah spacecraft with constant rest mass, they can't make it reach sub-light speed. This is determined by technology and the energy level that can be used.

"Such interstellar civilizations should be very rare. At least we humans have not observed it in the past one or two hundred years of modern science. There has been no communication between any extraterrestrial civilizations and us." Hegel continued, "Do you have any objections to this?"

"Yes, it is true... Although one or two hundred years is nothing on the scale of the universe. But humans have never observed the activities of extraterrestrial civilizations, which can also indirectly indicate that interstellar civilizations may be rare." Yu Yifeng thought about it and thought that there were no big loopholes in Hegel's words

"Then the question is, since life is common in the universe, but interstellar civilization is rare, why is this?"

Even Yu Yifeng couldn't help thinking about it, and he didn't have a clear answer.

Assuming that life is common in the universe, why is interstellar civilization so rare? According to Hegel's point of view, there must be some obstacles that block the evolution of almost all life in the universe!

"We call this obstacle the Great Filter!" Hegel said seriously, "This Great Filter will filter out all unqualified lives, leaving only a very small number of lucky races. Only civilizations that pass the Great Filter can grow into interstellar civilizations!" "Almost all life will encounter this Great Filter. Yes, I think almost every planet will encounter it! It is like a steel wall that blocks the progress of all life, and it is extremely difficult to break through this wall, or even impossible to cross it!" "Only a small number of extremely lucky and powerful civilizations can cross this Great Filter and then slowly progress to interstellar civilization. The probability is: one in ten million to one in a hundred million..." "I think this explanation is a hypothesis with a relatively high probability. If the Great Filter theory is established, it can be judged that it must have appeared before interstellar civilization!" Hegel said categorically. Talking about this, the topic is already very heavy. But Yu Yifeng had to cheer up and continue listening. Life is too common. Because of the existence of a Great Filter, most races are filtered out. It is indeed...somewhat true. Scientists are really amazing. In fact, they know nothing and have very little information, but they can infer so many things through constant guessing. This is wisdom, the wisdom that humans are most proud of.

So, what is this big filter? Has mankind crossed it, or is it still ahead, waiting for humans?

These are two very good and very bad situations... If humans have unknowingly crossed this big filter, then the future will be smooth sailing.

If the big filter is still ahead of humans, then humans will have to challenge the success rate of one in ten million to one in a hundred million...

Thinking of this, Yu Yifeng's heart couldn't help but beat wildly. Even if it is one in ten million, it is surprisingly small! Can humans really cross it?

No matter how confident you are, if you challenge the odds of one in ten million, your face will probably turn pale and your heartbeat will speed up. With a pass rate of one in ten million, are humans really so lucky?

As the leader of civilization, Yu Yifeng has to worry about whether this so-called "big filter" is real... whether it is the wild imagination of scientists trying to scare himself.

"Professor Heigl, I have some ideas." Dr. Rimbaud suddenly raised his hand. "I have also heard some about the Great Filter theory. Now, let me first talk about some possibilities of the Great Filter so that everyone can distinguish it."

"The first one is the formation of life. In the past, we thought that the formation of life was very difficult and could only be formed under extremely accidental circumstances. A large number of our previous experiments did not create life artificially, so we think this one has reason to become a major filter.

But because of the emergence of life on Mars... life is likely to be universal, and this article has been rejected first. I won't say more. "

"Second, the breakthrough from prokaryotic life to eukaryotic life. It took our earth more than a billion years to achieve this. It may be a very small chance... This kind of small probability time can become a big problem. filter possible.”

"Yes, Dr. Rimbaud, after the birth of life on the earth, it took more than a billion years to complete the evolution of prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells. It is impossible to determine whether this evolution is inevitable or an extremely low probability accident. If eukaryotic cells were produced The odds are only one in a billion, so this could be a big filter," Heigl agreed.

"Moreover, the Martian virus has not yet broken through to eukaryotic life, which provides a little evidence for this statement." Someone suddenly said below, "The Martian virus is not eukaryotic life, which is really good news for us."

After hearing this, scientists began to discuss that life on Mars is carbonyl-based organisms and is indeed inferior. No eukaryotic life has been found on Mars.

From this point of view, the probability of a breakthrough from prokaryotic life to eukaryotic life may be very small, and it is indeed qualified to become a great filter!