Blue and White Society

Chapter 85: The fourth thought of Shan Hai Jing: the only and true supreme

Chapter 85 The fourth thought of Shan Hai Jing: the only and true Supreme God

The Classic of Mountains and Seas is full of clues and involves a vast expanse. Interpreting it is by no means a one-day effort.

I have a lot of ideas about it, and I can say one, which must involve many, complex clues and cumbersome connections between each other. To interpret one, it is necessary to lead to another passage to testify, and why it can testify, you must first let you understand why the other passage is interpreted that way, and if you want to do this, you have to involve other passages. Know where to start.

Thousands of words in length, and only a few bits and pieces can be picked out to interpret, and there is not much to say at one time.

So I don’t know how much I will write about my personal interpretation of Shan Hai Jing.

After thinking about it, I realized that some readers may not even understand some of the most basic things, which will make it very troublesome for me to interpret. The wrong things are regarded as common sense, and then they are different from what I understand, and they will not be able to match the channel.

So I must also include some popular science, let you first understand my "understanding outside the scriptures", and then follow me into the "understanding inside the scriptures".

Since the Book of Mountains and Seas is an ancient matter in the period of the Five Emperors, it was decided to start with the "Emperor".

Let’s not talk about what abilities Di has, how strong Di is in Shan Hai Jing, and whether Di has supernatural powers.

Let me start with the simplest status of the Three Emperors and Five Emperors.

Emperor Everyone knows that the title Qin Shihuang created means that he is more powerful than the ancient emperor and the ancient emperor.

The one with the highest merit is the emperor, and the one with virtue is the emperor. The former is the ancestor of mankind who has made an unparalleled contribution to "all mankind". The latter is the supreme leader who has great virtue to many clans and is expected by all clans in the world.

Everyone knows the Three Sovereigns and Five Sovereigns, but it is a pity that the Three Sovereigns are not mentioned throughout the Shan Hai Jing, and there are more than five Sovereigns.

Three Emperors and Five Emperors were first said by Confucians in the Han Dynasty, and because of the Five Elements Theory that emerged during the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods, five popular "emperors" in history were selected, corresponding to the Five Elements and Five Virtues.

As for the Three Emperors, at first there were the Emperor of Heaven, the Emperor of Earth, and the Emperor of Thailand. What merits they have, I don't know.

During the Spring and Autumn and Warring States period, humanistic thinking was extremely developed, so the sages began to bestow more ancient ancestors with the status of emperors.

To put it bluntly, in the real ancient times, there is no title of "Emperor".

So one after another, various emperors began to appear.

Huang at this time refers to the ancestor of great merit, not necessarily three.

Later, I insisted on three, probably to correspond to Tianditai, or Tiandiren.

First of all, there are different opinions on which three emperors. The more mainstream ones are 'Fuxi, Nuwa, Shennong', and there are 'Suiren, Fuxi, Nuwa', and 'Fuxi, Shennong, Huangdi'.

The above are all recorded sources that are more formal. As for some informal ones, such as the addition of Gong Gong and Zhu Rong, it is purely a family opinion in a very late period.

After all, as I said, the emperor is posthumous, and it was originally given by the descendants. The first ancestor with merit can be named the emperor, and the descendants can list anyone as the three emperors. Huang, so what? It can only show that we are filial...

In ancient times, there was no title of emperor, only emperor.

The so-called Three Emperors is just to select three of the most popular ancestors who are qualified to be called emperors, so that they can be passed down from generation to generation to show their respect.

So what is the earliest statement of the Three Emperors?

The earliest statement is "Zhuangzi": there are Chaoshi, Suirenshi, and Zhishengshi.

That's right, there is no such thing as Fuxi Shennong. The three unknown ancestors who invented house building, fire making, and production tools are the three emperors defined by Zhuangzi.

Who is it? I don’t know, the meaning of these three names is: there must be the first person to build a house, and he is defined as Youchao. There must be the first person to light a fire, and he is defined as Suirenshi. There must be the first person to make tools, and he is called Zhishengshi by definition.

It can be seen that Zhuangzi does not have as many political goals as Confucianism, and he did not consider popularity. He directly chose the three most simple and simple, and listed them as the three most respected emperors. It can be understood as the champion of the emperor, the runner-up of the emperor, and the third runner-up of the emperor.

But Zhuangzi's champion and runner-up, of course Confucianism will not use it.

Ban Gu in the Eastern Han Dynasty listed 'Fuxi, Nuwa, and Shennong', and so far these have become the most mainstream three emperors.

Shennong refers to Emperor Yan, so let’s not talk about it first.

Nuwa has only one sentence in the "Shan Hai Jing": "There are ten gods, named Nv Wa's intestines, who turned into gods and lived in the wilderness of Su Guang, across the road."

There are so many in "Shan Hai Jing", it's gone.

"Shan Hai Jing" does not directly describe Nuwa, but only talks about Nuwa's intestines, which turned into ten gods and appeared in the crop field.

There are only two reasons for only writing about Nuwa's intestines and not about Nuwa's deity. One is the definition and description of Nuwa in Shanhaijing, which was deleted when I said "Liu Xin Xiushu".

Another reason is that, even for the earliest author of Shan Hai Jing, the word 'Nu Wa' is common sense, and it should be known by individuals, so there is no need to say more.

There are many similar ‘common sense’, such as people, such as dogs, sheep, cows, snakes, fish, birds, and… ‘dragons’.

There is no definition of the dragon itself throughout the Shan Hai Jing, and there is no such thing as "there is a beast named dragon".

Instead, when describing various animals, strange beasts and even gods, they directly write words such as 'dragon head', 'dragon body', and 'dragon tail'.

The choice of words is arbitrary, as if dragon is common sense, just like words like 'sun', 'mountain', 'sea', 'dog head', 'human face' and 'fish tail'.

Is it necessary to explain what a person is in the scriptures? If the readers don't even know what it is, how can the author write it?

So, just as the original author didn't intend to explain "human" at all, he didn't think there was any need to explain words like "dragon" and "nuwa" at all!

No explanation! Because they are common sense.

That is to say, Nuwa was a familiar and common-sense existence in the eyes of people as early as the Yao, Shun and Yu period.

So besides the Classic of Mountains and Seas, what is the earliest document describing Nuwa?

In the academic circles, it is generally accepted that the earliest description of Nuwa is the "History of History" in the Western Zhou Dynasty. Although this book itself does not exist, its content has been quoted in many other books later.

This has been researched, so I won’t explain it. In short, the word ‘Wa’ has a Chinese character, which means ‘an ancient holy woman who transforms all things’.

This is the earliest legend of Nuwa. From ancient times to the Zhou Dynasty, she was the **** who transformed all things.

It is not to create man, but to create all things!

The earliest record of the legend of Nuwa's creation of man was in the Song Dynasty, and it was too late.

The legend of refining stones to mend the sky is much more credible. It first came from the "Huainanzi" in the Western Han Dynasty, and this book originated from the legend of the pre-Qin period. Regarding Nuwa, there are also records of seventy transformations in one day, a human face and a snake body, and the invention of Shenghuang, Se, and Xun.

The so-called seventy transformations a day means that she is deriving various things every day.

In fact, it is in line with the "transformation of all things" in the Western Zhou Dynasty. Combined with the Shan Hai Jing, it also means that the intestines of Nuwa have turned into gods. Even the intestines are like this, let alone other things.

It is conceivable that in the eyes of people in the Shan Hai Jing period, Nuwa may be all over her body, and everything has turned into everything in the world. Any **** can be regarded as one of Nuwa's countless incarnations.

That is to say, the earliest legendary image of Nuwa that we know is an existence that created gods and all things.

As for refining stones to mend the sky, it is not mentioned in Shan Hai Jing, so I will not talk about it. "Huainanzi" is so detailed that it probably has artistic processing. But when the sky fell and such a big matter, writing Nuwa to handle it also shows that Nuwa is the supreme **** in people's common sense since the pre-Qin period, and even all the way back to the period of the five emperors in ancient times!

An existence that embodies all things and is the mother of all gods.

Some people may ask, Nuwa transformed all things and derived gods, so what about Pangu? Where did Pangu go?

Pangu really appeared too late, only in the Wei and Jin Dynasties did he have his legend. Moreover, it was written by a literati in the state of Wu, and it was probably described through the legends of the Baiyue people in the south.

There is no text before Han Dynasty that mentions Pangu. There were no tombs in the Han Dynasty, and Pangu was painted...

On the contrary, in the tombs of the Han Dynasty, we have now excavated pictures of Nuwa Fuxi, Chang'e flying to the moon, and Queen Mother of the West...

Even Chang'e flew to the moon, but there was no Pangu to open the sky, which is enough to show that Pangu was never the creator **** of Zhuxia.

Nuwa is the God of Creation! It is the supreme belief of the Yanhuang family since ancient times.

In ancient times, Nuwa's status was the highest! none of them.

The evidence is very simple. Qu Yuan in the Warring States Period wrote in "Heavenly Questions": "Nuwa has a body, who made it?"

There are two interpretations of this sentence, the first one: Nuwa's body is so strange, who designed it?

Second type: Nuwa actually has a body? Who created it?

Under the first interpretation, Qu Yuan was wondering why Nuwa is so strange with a human head and a snake body?

Actually, I'm more curious, why didn't Qu Yuan write about Emperor Yan's body? Isn't Yandi's horn strange?

Under the second interpretation, Qu Yuan’s point of doubt becomes, isn’t everything in the world created by Nu Wa? So who made Nuwa's body?

But no matter which interpretation it is, it proves one point! That is, in Qu Yuan's cognition, Nuwa is the highest, and there are no other gods above her.

If Pangu existed, or any other **** with a higher status than Nuwa existed, then Qu Yuan would not have asked this question.

Instead, we should ask, Pangu has a body, who made it.

Qu Yuan asked Nuwa's subtext, which already showed that Nuwa's godhead has been capped.

However, after the Qin Dynasty, the Han Dynasty dominated Confucianism, leading to another emperor who replaced Nuwa.

He is Fuxi, the head of the three emperors and the first of the hundred kings that we are familiar with now.

The next thing I want to say may be subversive to some people.

Because the Fuxi you understand does not actually exist.

It may not be appropriate to say this. Let’s put it another way: there are still prototypes. There really is Fuxi, and he is indeed a meritorious ancestor.

Since it is the Classic of Mountains and Seas, is there Fuxi in the Classic of Mountains and Seas?

The answer is: zero.

The "Shan Hai Jing", which records the legendary figures and the most ancient emperors, does not have a single word about Fu Xi!

So do the archaeological artifacts from before the Warring States Period have something about him? The answer is: zero.

Then, are there any records about him in the classics before the Spring and Autumn and Warring States? The answer is: zero.

He is the head of the three emperors and the first of a hundred kings. No classics in the Western Zhou Dynasty mentioned him, and neither Mozi nor Mencius later mentioned him. Including Qu Yuan's "Heavenly Questions", which I have always loved, did not mention Fuxi.

You must be very curious about how Fuxi became the head of the Three Emperors.

The answer is of course because of Confucius...

Confucius mentioned in "Book of Changes: Xici": "In ancient times, Bao Xi was the king of the world. If you look up, you can see the image in the sky, and if you look down, you can see the law on the ground. The pattern of birds and beasts is suitable for the ground. It is close to the world. The body is far away from all things, so I started to gossip, with the virtue of understanding the gods, and with the feeling of being like all things..."

There is more in the back, I will not post it, it means to describe his achievements in knotting ropes, making nets and teaching people to fish.

In short, what Confucius meant was that the ancient Bao Xi family was able to become a king because he created the gossip...and by the way, he also made the net.

But it is mainly gossip. After Bao Xi died, Shennong continued to evolve. After Shennong died, Huangdi evolved... until now, it has become the Book of Changes. And my favorite Zhou Gong, what's wrong with this...

Above, this is the earliest description of Fuxi.

Confucius' influence is of course great. After that, in the middle and late Warring States period, some sages began to mention Fuxi in their classics, and his deeds began to appear.

For example, the cultural relics of the late Warring States Period—Chu silk script is the earliest physical cultural relic describing the legend of Fuxi. It is said that he and Nuwa created the world, which also shows that Nuwa is really the supreme creation god.

However, this national treasure is abroad, and there is only a copy in China.

It is also mentioned in "Zhuangzi" in the late Warring States period. I will not post the original text, but just mention a name. It is mentioned together with various creations and the ancient ancestors who made inventions. The status is not high, and even very low. Among dozens of ancestors, Fuxi ranked second to last...

It can be seen from this that the legends of Fuxi actually started to be praised when Confucius began to praise him, and then his legends appeared one after another in the middle and late Warring States period.

Besides, at that time, Fuxi’s name was uncertain, some were called Paoxi, some were called Baoxi, some were called Fengxi, some were called Fuxi...

Nu Wa has always been called Nu Wa.

From this, I feel that in the middle and late Warring States period, the legend of Fuxi has just emerged and is being processed...

It wasn't until the Western Han Dynasty, when Confucianism was the only one, that Fuxi's name was confirmed, and its legend suddenly became rich in details!

Sima Qian in the early Western Han Dynasty was quite honest. "Historical Records" did not give Fuxi too many records. He thought that Fuxi's records were not true and did not adopt them. , as "Easy" gossip'.

It means: I heard from my ancestors that Fuxi was very honest and created the Eight Diagrams of the Book of Changes.

It’s gone, this is Sima Qian’s full description of Fuxi’s achievements...

No wonder the academic circles believe that "Historical Records" is already a very honest history, and Sima Qian is still relatively objective.

So here I also believe that Fuxi must exist, one of the ancient kings, a certain ancestor in ancient times. It's just that this ancestor, among the hundreds of ancestors, can't be ranked first. Before the Spring and Autumn Period, he was not well-known at all. His greatest achievement was the creation of gossip.

If it weren’t for the fact that the Book of Changes became more and more popular, and the Zhou Dynasty reached its peak, coupled with the propaganda of Confucius, the popularity of Fuxi’s family may not be ranked in the top 30 among the many ancestors of the humanities...

The earliest Fuxi status is not to mention the head of the Three Emperors, he may not necessarily be the Thirty Emperor.

But with the improvement of Confucius' status and Confucianism becoming the mainstream, Fuxi has also risen. After all, "Zhouyi" is one of the five Confucian classics, and the Yijing gossip, Fuxi is the earliest originator.

For example, Liu Xin, that is, the guy who I have always criticized for missing half of the book of mountains and seas.

He pushed Fuxi to the highest peak: "The blood horse is the king after the sky, and he is the first of a hundred kings. The first virtue begins with wood, so the emperor is Taihao."

This is also the first time that the 'Taihao' that has been passed down through the ages is directly linked to Fuxi.

Note that before Liu Xin, Taihao was Taihao, also known as Dahao. And Fuxi is Fuxi, the two have no relationship at all.

Confucianism has defined it in this way for generations, and it has become the truth for us now.

"Shan Hai Jing" mentions Da Huan, but there is no such thing as Fuxi or Fu Xi, nor does it say who made the "Yi".

"Shan Hai Jing · Hai Nei Jing" records: "There is the Ba Kingdom in the southwest. Da Hao gave birth to salty birds, salty birds gave birth to Chengli, Chengli gave birth to Houzhao, and Houzhao began to be Ba people."

I don't see any relationship between him and Fuxi. All the remarks about Da Hao being Fuxi suddenly appeared after the Han Dynasty dominated Confucianism. The Chu Silk Book of the Warring States Period did not mention this matter at all. It can only be said that Confucianism is too good at 'repairing books'.

As for the morality and the like, I won’t explain it.

As you all know, the five elements always say that binding the ancient emperor is a very typical far-fetched behavior.

In addition to Liu Xin, Ban Gu from the Eastern Han Dynasty also helped Fuxi to the altar.

Ban Gu's "Baihu Tongyi" wrote: What are the three emperors, Fuxi, Nuwa, and Shennong.

In one breath, Fuxi was promoted to the first place!

So far, Fuxi has become the supreme emperor, surpassing Nuwa, and ascended to the top as the first of a hundred kings and the pinnacle of ancestors.

And his life experience also appeared, Hua Xu's Lei Zesheng Fuxi.

Yes, Hua Xu was directly involved. The Chu Silk Book of the Warring States Period never mentioned Fuxi's life experience. In that creation myth, he and Nuwa jumped out of chaos.

In the eyes of Confucius, Fuxi was originally a personal ancestor. He wrote the Book of Changes and was respected. It was never mentioned that he had anything to do with Nu Wa.

As a result, a hundred years after Confucius' death, later generations turned him into a human head and a snake body, and then curled up with the supreme **** Nuwa, becoming brother and sister, saying that he and Nuwa created the world together.

So far, Fuxi and Nuwa have become siblings.

In the murals unearthed from the tombs of the Han Dynasty, there is a double helix picture of Fuxi Nuwa with a human head and a snake body.

But his merits are a little bit low, just relying on the Book of Changes and fishing, his qualifications are a bit low. Although he lived in symbiosis with Nuwa and gained popularity, his achievements are indeed not as good as Nuwa's.

So in the Jin Dynasty, Fuxi's achievements increased to: inheriting the sky and becoming king, writing gossip, making book contracts, making thirty-six strings for a harp, making wedding ceremonies, and taking sacrifices for cooking.

Among them, making a harp and making a marriage were originally the achievements of Nuwa...

From being mixed up with the supreme **** Nuwa, and mixing credits, to directly transferring Nuwa's achievements to Fuxi's...

In the literature of the Tang Dynasty, Fuxi and Nuwa brothers and sisters were not enough, they became husband and wife directly!

The record that the two are siblings is hundreds of years earlier than the record that the two are both siblings and husband and wife!

From being okay, to brother and sister, to being both brother and sister and husband and wife...

After doing this, Nuwa's contribution to Fuxi's assistance was all except for mending the sky.

Further back, Fuxi made many, many more inventions, all in all getting better and better.

When you get here, you can see it too.

The later the era, the more detailed Fuxi's records...the greater the credit...the higher the force.

Nuwa, on the other hand, is just the opposite... Forced to plummet all the way!

Judging from the literature, not counting the Classic of Mountains and Seas, Nuwa was hundreds of years earlier than Fuxi.

And we are talking about the Classic of Mountains and Seas. According to my previous assumptions about the Classic of Mountains and Seas, there was an original author in ancient times who wrote the earliest draft, and he mentioned the words of Nuwa's heart.

During the period of the Five Emperors, Nu Wa was believed by the whole people, the supreme mother goddess of Yan and Huang. She first incarnated all things and mothered all things. At the same time, he is also the emperor of ancient times and the ancestor of humanities.

After all, the heaven and the earth are unparalleled, so the beliefs of the Yanhuang lineage must be the ancestors.

In short, Nuwa's divinity, personality, and divinity have always been extremely high! And the earlier the period, the higher!

The later the period, the lower it is. As time goes closer to modern times, Nuwa's compulsion is also declining step by step.

When we arrived in Qin and Han Dynasties, we had to refine stones to mend the sky.

This is okay, it fits her personality as a creator god.

But later, Nuwa's ability to incarnate all things was gradually weakened.

First there was an older brother Fuxi, and then the merits were transferred, from Nuwa making marriages to Nuwa assisting Fuxi to make marriages...

Following that, there was Pangu, who directly overthrew her status as the Creator God.

But in the Song Dynasty, the godhead plummeted again, and the legend of Nu Wa's creation of human beings appeared... Conghua everything was completely reduced to a tool for human creation.

In the Ming Dynasty, he still had to be molested by King Zhou in novels to draw out the gods. In modern times, she has become one of the prehistoric girls who can be attacked.

It can be said that the Nuwa understood by modern people is not the earliest Nuwa.

Instead, the Trinity of Pangu, Fuxi, and Nuwa should be combined to be the Nuwa of the Zhou Dynasty and even earlier.

The reason for this situation may be due to the establishment of a patriarchal society, which made the supreme Emperor Wa step by step, becoming a vassal of gods such as Fuxi and Pangu. After thousands of years, the status and contributions of Nuwa and Fuxi have shifted, which is probably the result of male superiority and female inferiority.

So far, this is what I understand as Fuxi and Nuwa.

Nüwa transforms all things into beings, and Fuxi began to write the Book of Changes. This is the original setting of the two, and the two are not related, and the original literature does not mention each other...

Based on this, it will be obvious to interpret the Shan Hai Jing.

There is no emperor in Shan Hai Jing, because the emperor was conferred by later generations.

There is no Fuxi in Shanhaijing, because Fuxi was not well-known in the era of the Five Emperors...maybe not as good as Kuafu...

There is Nuwa in Shan Hai Jing! Although her meritorious deeds were not written or were edited out, and the scripture only mentioned "Nuwa's intestines", this is enough to show that Nuwa has a high status in the Shan Hai Jing.

Nuwa's intestines turned into ten gods!

Don’t look at the records that seem to be the tip of the iceberg that don’t seem to be nutritious. In fact, if you think about it carefully, this is actually the most amazing side description in Shan Hai Jing.

Nuwa is the only small part of the body in the Shan Hai Jing that can transform into the existence of God.

In the academic circles, it is recognized that Queen Mother of the West, Huangdi, and Dijun are the strongest in Shan Hai Jing. But in fact, these three seem to be far behind Nuwa who didn't appear...

Yellow Emperor and Di Jun also introduced the lineage, and the Queen Mother of the West was disheveled and fierce.

Nüwa has no other descriptions, only mentions her intestines, turns into a god, and appears in the vast corn and wheat fields... across the road...

I don't know if this is a crop circle...

It’s purely my imagination. First of all, the book of mountains and seas is rare. It doesn’t describe the appearance of the god, the nature of the **** or anything else. It is only said to be the intestines of Nuwa.

Through searching through the Shan Hai Jing, the narrators often have to write down their appearance, at least what they look like, whether there is any snake or something.

Nuwa’s Intestine has no... There is no too much description at all, so that those of us who come later do not know what is being said here!

So either the narrator couldn’t describe his appearance at all, or the four words Nuwa’s intestines have already been described, but we don’t understand.

In summary, I personally feel that the author of Shan Hai Jing is actually writing about 'a special phenomenon' here.

This situation will only occur when writing about phenomena that are not formed naturally and may not be seen once in a lifetime.

And the narrator probably didn't see it with his own eyes, but just heard it, so he simply wrote it down.

I haven't seen it, so I don't know how to describe it in detail.

According to other people's narration, he can only write such strokes as 'Nuwa's intestines', 'Stay in the wild of Suguang', and 'Stay across the road'.

Suguang Zhiye means an extremely vast and huge corn crop land. To stand across the road means to stand across the road.

To be honest, I really want to guess directly: This is ten spiral flying saucers that have landed, landed in the field, and blocked the road...

But I don't have the slightest proof.

I have said in previous articles that the evidence for testimony will only use the content of Shan Hai Jing itself, plus real existence, or scientific knowledge, and reasonable logic for argumentation and deliberation.