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However, after listening to the report of Pengzhou standing committee, Zhao Jianhui put forward some views on this issue. The specific economic operation is not the director of Zhao Jianhui. He just expressed his personal views on solving the local economic development at the current stage from the perspective of policy.

These are some ideas that he thought about the examination during his study in the Party school and slowly began to take shape.

"... in the 30 years of reform and opening up, China's economy has maintained rapid growth, with an annual growth rate of more than 9%, and industrialization has developed by leaps and bounds. Many foreign scholars believe that this is a "growth miracle" in modern economic history. How did this so-called "growth miracle" happen? Many experts and scholars are exploring the "mystery". There may be many answers. I think the most fundamental reason is that China has chosen the market economy and taken the road of market-oriented reform. This choice has changed China's development track and the pattern of world political and economic development. "

"It is not uncommon for China to choose the development of market-oriented system. Why can China's market-oriented reform and development achieve such outstanding achievements in just 30 years? I think one thing worth studying here is that China has walked out of its own market economy development model. What is the development model of China's market economy? How should this model be summarized? At present, there are different versions of various statements. For example, many people agree with the "progressive reform model.". However, in the final analysis, the "progressive reform model" is only a summary of China's market-oriented reform in terms of policy operation characteristics, and more essential things need to be studied in depth. "

"In the history of modern market economy, it is difficult to see cases similar to the development of China's market economy. In the classical literature of western economics, it is also difficult to find a strict academic argument that can annotate China's market economy. The development of China's market economy tries to combine and compatible the basic concept and basic system of socialism with the general rules of market economy, which is very different from any previous model of market economy. "

"... I think an important feature of our country's market economy development model is that in the process of market-oriented reform and development, we do not give up the basic principle of taking public ownership as the main body, but also adhere to the policy of common development of multiple ownership. Under the strong leadership of the party, the control force of the national economy and government management always play a leading role. Obviously, this development model is not only different from the market economy development model of some countries in central and South America, but also different from the market-oriented road of Eastern European countries and Russia, but also different from the so-called government led market economy model of Oriental countries. "

"In China's market economy model, of course, the price competition mechanism plays an important role, but at the same time, the control of the national economy and the role of government management are particularly powerful. In this regard, there are many critical views in foreign academic circles. The so-called reference to China as "authoritative capitalism" comes from this. There are also many criticisms in domestic academic circles. The sharpest opinion is that this situation does not conform to the general law of the development of market economy. I think the problem may not be so simple. "

Hegel has an important proposition: all real existence is reasonable. Here, I want to use the famous Wagner theorem to explain the rationality of the existence of China's market economy model. In the 1870s, the German economist Wagner found that once a country fully entered the process of industrialization, the number and proportion of government economic departments will expand, public finance will continue to expand, and the national economic power and government management will continue to strengthen. Wagner predicted that this trend, as a regular phenomenon, will still play a role in the next 50-100 years. Wagner gave several basic reasons for this trend: large-scale industrial development requires the expansion of public infrastructure; The fierce market competition requires the increase of public welfare projects; The active economic monopoly force requires strengthening market management; Industrialization leads to rural bankruptcy and requires the comprehensive help of the government.

After the publication of "Wagner's theorem", several famous economists (including Nobel laureate Samuelson) have verified the empirical data with the British Industrial Revolution, the development of the United States after World War II and the comparative development of Britain and Germany after the 1960s. The conclusion is that although the actual situation is very tortuous and complex, the general trend of "Wagner's theorem" exists.

In the period of planned economy, although we have established the national basic system of industrialization, it is the reform and opening up and market-oriented reform that has pried the all-round and high-speed development of China's industrialization. In this new development environment, we can also find the basis for the continuous strengthening of national economic power and government management in China. In addition, China will be a developing country for a long time. It has heavy tasks in the process of industrialization, such as Urban-Rural Coordination and regional development coordination, land and resources and environmental protection, the establishment of an innovative country, national economic security, controlling the growth of a large population, maintaining market order, and planning global development strategy. It can be said that the reason for the existence of "Wagner theorem" in China may be more sufficient.

Further investigation will find that the state LED market economy model with Chinese characteristics has played a very important role in the sustained and rapid economic growth for 30 years after the reform and opening up.

——Efficient accumulation of state led industrialization. One of the most basic bottlenecks of China's modern industrial development is the lack of capital accumulation. In the period of planned economy, the government made initial accumulation through unequal exchange with agricultural products and established the basic system of national industrialization. The reform and opening up has introduced the competition mechanism and price mechanism of market economy and started the historical process of industrialization in an all-round way. Now, although there are many ways of capital accumulation in the new era, the main ways to obtain the most important capital accumulation are one is to rely on the introduction of funds from abroad, the other is through land accumulation, that is, the government and developers obtain a large amount of funds through low-cost land acquisition.

The total amount of capital obtained by relying on land accumulation is much larger than the introduction of funds from abroad. Some research institutions estimate that the total amount is more than 20 trillion yuan.

Existing research data show that since the reform and opening up, the land transfer income of local governments at all levels has exceeded 35% of the financial budget.

Although this accumulation method is unequal to many land lost farmers with insufficient compensation, and the subsequent social contradictions it brings are also very difficult, no one can deny that it is relying on this extremely huge land capital accumulation that China's industrialization and urbanization can develop so rapidly and GDP can maintain the level of long-term sustained and rapid growth. The institutional condition of this land capital accumulation is the consistent land nationalization system since the founding of the people's Republic of China - which is actually the hardest foundation with public ownership as the main body.

If this is not the case, after the reform and opening up, we will overthrow this system, implement land privatization and transform, and completely put land ownership into private hands. In this way, the degree of market liberalization will certainly be high and the market competition will be more full, but the development cost of promoting industrialization and urbanization will be very high, and it will take a longer time to obtain today's industrialization development achievements.

——The state manages resources, energy industry and economic stability. A country's resources and energy industry is the basic economic sector of industrial development. Its development and supply and demand situation not only play an important role in the micro operation of downstream industries, but also have an important impact on the macro operation of the whole national economy and national economic security. Under the planned economic system, this economic sector is completely monopolized by the state and operated under unified nationalization.

After the market reform, the development of this economic sector is faced with two choices. One is that the industry enters the field of complete competition, carries out thorough market-oriented transformation, and private capital at home and abroad undertakes the main body of investment and development (this choice has been made in the market-oriented reform of many developing countries); The other is not to change the country's economic control and government management, but to transform the original nationalized management system. We chose the latter. Facts have proved that this choice is reasonable.

After the reform, great changes have taken place in the industrial capacity and enterprise appearance, and many enterprise groups have entered the top 100 in the world. In particular, under the overall management of the government, state-owned enterprises play the strategic function of macroeconomic stability of the national economy, undertake important social responsibilities in maintaining stable growth, and provide relatively cheap primary products for downstream enterprises. In fact, they are the state's subsidy for all industrialization costs (this important cost factor can not be ignored). In addition, in China, private capital is still unable to enter the development stage on a large scale. Holding by the advantage of national capital can also avoid the strategic control of large foreign companies and large capital.

——The government's strong economic organization. China's entry into the modern market economy has two inherent deficiencies, one is the institutional problem, the other is the problem of public goods. From the perspective of institutional issues, China has no mercantilist tradition and relatively developed modern industrial and commercial social foundation, and the planned system completely excludes market economic activities. In this case, the development of China's market economy is not carried out spontaneously from bottom to top, but the ruling party consciously changes its ideas and the government promotes the market-oriented reform from top to bottom. This kind of government organizational behavior includes putting forward reform policies, giving up the field of market activities, reducing the proportion of planned pricing, transforming state-owned enterprises, providing an institutional platform for the operation of market mechanism, managing market order, and so on. It can be said that in China, the "invisible hand" of the market is supported by the "visible hand" of the government. If not, the market-oriented reform held high the banner of privatization at the beginning and completely relied on the spontaneous implementation of private subjects, the development of China's market economy may be another result.

From the perspective of public goods, China has a vast territory, the market economy has been fully started, and the problem of effectively providing public goods is very prominent. Who will build a large port? Who will organize the modern transportation network? Who will invest in basic farmland water conservancy facilities? Who will govern the big rivers? Who will preside over the land planning? Who will control environmental pollution? There are other problems

Of course, according to Coase's principle, these public goods can also be provided by private individuals under the condition of clarifying property rights. However, it is almost indisputable that if public goods are provided in this way, the transaction cost will be much higher, at least the level of social infrastructure will never be the same as today.

In the 30 years of reform and opening up, the government has used its strong economic organization to provide large-scale and complete public goods for market development, which has laid a good foundation for the sustainable development of China's economy. If our enterprises are all privately controlled, what can we do to promote the construction of this kind of public goods in less than a few years? This disadvantage has emerged in some developed countries