I Am Louis XIV

   Chapter 193 Saint Denis (12)

   Pierre Corneille's account of the offensive and defensive battle of Brussels:

Hundreds of years later, people still have many questions about the details of the French Sun King, Louis XIV's first expedition - the Battle of Flanders in France. Of course, this battle, at the time, was also It's just a movement in which the countries of Europa have been attacking and fighting each other for thousands of years, even if this movement opened the glory of the Sun King and even the whole of France for 300 years, and illuminated Yu Ze for a thousand years. Inside - and there are many classic melodies.

For example, the supply and logistics system created by the Marquis of Loise, the French army before, still adheres to the principle that "the commander of the army should be good at using all the resources of the country he invades to ensure his military operations." This strict Of course, in previous wars, if the soldiers could obtain supplies from the enemy, it would be the best for the mobility of the army and the blow to the morale of the enemy. Running with a sore leg.

   But such a supply method is usually more suitable for mercenaries, rather than regular standing armies. Because, in any case, when the soldiers have to find food and other provisions in the task ranks, their ranking is undoubtedly the highest, and once the soldiers are indulged in looting, the so-called military regulations and military law will become castles in the air. In the battle of Flanders, Lois obeyed the king's will, and wherever the army went, the huge warehouses and the convoys that transported baggage could appear there - the soldiers never lacked tents, blankets to keep out the cold, clean With water and bread, they were determined and energetic. Although they went to war many times, there was never a large number of escapes and mutinies, which was very rare at the time.

Some people even say that it was the Marquis of Lois who created the army's logistical support system - routes, warehouses and markets, quartermasters and supervisors, and merchants accompanying the army, etc., but some people argue that these have been produced as early as after the Crusades, However, no one can deny that in the Battle of Flanders, the logistical support of the Marquis of Lois was indeed impeccable. After all, France used more than 50,000 troops in this battle, and as far as the king was concerned, there were There are more than 30,000 people, including several siege battles. Everyone knows that the problem of supply is that the more the number of people is, the more difficult it is to handle, and the stationary army is more difficult to handle than the moving army, but these problems are eventually solved. The Marquis of Lois solved them one by one.

   No wonder he, upon his return to Paris, became the Minister of War, appointed by the king himself, and succeeded in taking over his father's position, and there were few at court who could oppose the appointment.

What's more, in this war, Sebastian Vauban, who was finally able to emerge, was still a captain when the war started, and when the war ended, he became a general - he was in this war. The three-ditch tactics and mortar ricochet tactics were first used in the battle, and they achieved considerable victories. Interestingly, both Lille and Brussels can be said to be the merits of the Viscount Turenne and Vauban, and their victories showed that The defeat of the enemy, and after the war, it remained in Flanders, and it was Vauban that fortified the walls and fortresses of the new French provinces and new cities. After that, we can still see Vauban The "stars" and "flowers" left in the Flanders region, especially the five-star-shaped bastion defense system in Lille, and the double-layered city wall of Brussels with six "flower leaves".

In addition, it is worth mentioning that a group of Bohemian women now appearing in the army, it is not uncommon for women who have always wanted to make money to follow the army, and it is not that there have been more women before. Dangling behind the army, the Bohemians are a well-known cross-border nation, they advocate freedom, unfettered, and pagans, and the women in the caravan often have **** with people, exchange money, or On a whim, but these bohemian women eventually became the prototype of field nurses-before that, there were also women who took care of wounded soldiers, usually for money, or short-term goodwill, but not systematic, but in the In the Battle of Flanders, although the losses of the French army were not very serious, it was amazing that the survival rate of the wounded in the army was as high as 70%. This is really surprising. At that time The mortality rate of the wounded is very high, and even in the process of war, officers must constantly recruit troops to ensure that the military is not too short.

According to later research, about a thousand Bohemian women joined the nursing and healing team. Although Bohemians have so far claimed that these women were hired by the king at that time, most people believe that they were It's wild bragging, but the Nurses International is curiously willing to admit it. Why these Bohemians appeared in Versailles is not known for the time being, but their work - formal and innocent, really reversed the view of some people. At that time, the chastity of unmarried girls was extremely important, so it was not There will be people willing to send their sisters and daughters to the barracks. After the battle of Flanders, those soldiers who have been favored by the paramedics have become their most staunch supporters, and later, their relatives and friends, also in them. With persuasion and proof, he entered nursing school and finally became a field nurse.

At first female nurses were only found on the battlefield, but gradually the nurse's white turban and white apron (dress given to paramedics by the king at the Battle of Flanders) also appeared in various sanatoriums and clinics - more than doctors usually The assistants - those rude butchers and barbers, people of course prefer to see young and gentle girls.

There are many such places—even some amusing and surprising, such as the "King's spectator regiment," which eventually became the norm, which Marshal Vauban insists in his memoirs was inspired by the Viscount Turenne at Dunedin. Inspired and influenced by the Battle of Kirk, while the Viscount Turenne insisted in his memoirs that it was the self-behavior of Marshal Vauban, a clumsy way of compliment that had nothing to do with him, but no matter how much they interacted with each other. Accusation and scorn - in every subsequent battle, King Louis XIV will indeed appear on the battlefield, with binoculars, sitting in a gorgeous tent, watching the whole game like a grand drama battle.

In the eyes of today's people, this is an ignorant and ridiculous behavior - because only soldiers and officers shed blood, but at that time, the king's royal presence was the greatest encouragement to the soldiers and officers, no matter what else, Louis Every time Fourteen watched the battle on the battlefield, it finally brought victory.

This may also be a puzzling question, but it is nothing compared to other doubts - some scholars even believe that records and documents written by people at the time may have undergone extensive redaction and modification , and cannot be viewed as historical facts, but only as evidence and appreciation of literary works.

The most famous of these is the book "The Battle of Flanders" written by Pierre Corneille, in which he wrote, "When the light of the Sun King shone on the city walls, the Spaniards in it Howling like an owl in the dark night... Before the generals stepped into the trenches, the cities hoisted white flags, begging for a chance to negotiate... Every city was collecting women's bracelets and men's forks before the army came. Casting a huge silver key as a certificate of surrender... The king's entry into Charleroi is like entering Paris... In the French military camps, there is a nightly feast to celebrate the victory, even the most ordinary soldier can drink it Coffee, wine, and broth... tents stretched for hundreds of miles, covering the entire plain... Outside the walls, Flanders' fools burned oyster-like houses, hoping to delay the king's progress, but their The city fell completely before seven days, and countless women and children left their homes crying..."

If these are still believed to be believed, then what is described in another manuscript, which was discovered after an interval of four centuries, can only be said to be the strange imagination of the playwright, because he Not only did he describe a series of strange things that happened after he entered Brussels with the army, but also wrote werewolves, vampires and wizards - these were believed to exist at the time, and now we all know that these monsters exist only in fantasy and nightmares.

  —

This manuscript finally sold for a good price at auction, and people in the seventeenth century did not know about the fact that a film was made about it. Pierre Corneille was born in 1606. He was in his twenties. When he was three years old, he wrote his first play "Merritt", and then wrote a good play called "Made". Even so, writing plays is not a career for a well-born child. , his grandfather was the seal counselor of the Parliament of Normandy, and his father managed the Mizusawa Forest for the Viscount of Rouen. They arranged his future path - to become a lawyer, and at the same time for the Mizusawa Forest Affairs Department in Rouen and the French Navy. Serving in the Rouen Department - to the surprise of the two, Pierre Corneille ended up in power - was Bishop Richelieu admired at that time or because of his talent in theatre, he was Richelieu A member of the bishop's five-member creative team.

It's just that he was admired by Richelieu for his talent in drama, and what was rejected by Bishop Richelieu was his talent - at the age of 30, Corneille boldly wrote a big play "Cid". De is a real figure in history who was exiled by the king and recalled for his exploits on the battlefield and eventually became Duke Protector and ruler of Valencia, but to describe this character in detail, continue It was impossible to follow the Trinity at that time, so the play, while being very popular, aroused the resentment of the rigid and stubborn Bishop Richelieu, who not only clearly expressed his displeasure, but also inspired other scholars He and the playwright criticized and condemned the play, and at the same time he exerted great pressure on Corneille,

No, it should be said that with the identity and power of Bishop Richelieu at that time, Corneille did not have the qualifications to become his enemy - Corneille quickly succumbed. After all, he was still the son of his father and the father of his son. He not only Repented to Mr. Bishop, and wrote three consecutive plays that strictly adhered to the "Three Uniforms", "Sina," "Horace," and "Poliject". Although these three plays are excellent, they are all for the sake of Written to cater to the preferences of Bishop Richelieu, a tolerant monarch, a righteous citizen, a devout believer... Finally, he wrote a "Death of Pompeii", describing Cleopatra and her Brother Ptolemy's struggle for power.

I have seen these several plays before Louis was in power. I have to say that even the three plays and three plays created to cater to Bishop Richelieu have already revealed that Corneille is incompetent in the creation of plays. The brilliance of resistance, and Corneille, who returned to Rouen in 1952, entered the king's sight again, or because Bishop Mazarin appointed Corneille as his lawyer when he was dying, so that he could leave his legacy to his most beloved. The child of King Louis XIV, after the death of Bishop Mazarin, Corneille originally wanted to leave Paris and return to Rouen, but the king decided to keep this person after reading his materials and his works.

Although Corneille's dramas after "The Death of Pompeii" only focus on the twists and turns of the plot, while ignoring the shaping of characters, Louis can see that this is more of a subtle resistance and oppression. Post-distorted vent - After the battle of Flanders, the king will start to work on domestic ideological and educational matters, and for most people now who may not even know their own name, it is necessary to establish the king's supremacy in their hearts The location, drama may be one of the best ways, don’t forget, even those small plays in the market with rough costumes and poor acting skills, people are rushing for them, let alone works created by characters like Gao Naiyi. .

In order to let Corneille return to the old style as soon as possible and abandon the dross of the past, after consideration, Louis XIV asked Corneille himself - as long as Corneille was in his sixties this year, he was allowed to accompany the army this time. A real war would give the gifted playwright a broader mind and a sharper eye, which the king dismissed as the Three Uniformity—a 17th-century classicist tragedy The rules that must be followed, in simple terms, is that there can only be one story line (not multiple lines), the time cannot take more than one day, and there must be only one location (can not change the scene).

It is not without merit, such a drama is fast paced and full of content, but the problem is that it is impossible to present a person's multi-facetedness in such a short time, fixed location and monotonous clues, so in three Yiyi dramas are filled with a large number of stereotyped characters. Black is black and white is white. Almost as long as there is a beginning, the audience can guess the ending. Therefore, these dramas mainly focus on real historical events and characters. In this way, at least the playwright does not have to make the audience understand the character, event or even the whole process in such a short time, so when the Sanyi drama arrives, it must win with the costumes of the actors, the props and the burlesque interspersed in it. ...This is quite detrimental to the publicity the king wants. Louis can hardly imagine that every time he comes out, there will be a clown dressed in colorful clothes and running somersaults and blowing trumpets and drums or something.

With the support of the king, Corneille, who had not created any works for seven years, suddenly revived his second youth. Not only did he insist on following the army, but he also recorded enough content in ten Bibles along the way. He used it in his later creations, and the other part was censored and destroyed. As for what people have discovered now, it is very likely that Corneille wrote the content from memory after returning to Rouen in his later years. I have to say that before. The records of Corneille's Flanders found by the people of It's a fake, a fake.

   I'm a little late, so I added 500 words.

   (end of this chapter)