Inherit For Three Thousand Years

Castiglione was an Italian painter with an outstanding reputation among the missionaries who came to China in the early Qing Dynasty. He enshrined the Qing court for fifty-one years. During the three dynasties of Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong, he painted hundreds for the court. There are many Chinese painters under his influence.

Because he was good at Western painting, and Emperor Qianlong later forced him to paint and write with Chinese brushes, his figures, flowers, feathers, and landscape works are very rich in Chinese and Western styles, making Qing court paintings refreshing, and he painted in the Qing Dynasty. Has a very high status in history.

This "Turkey Picture" is an ink and color silk. The size is very large, about 1 meter in length and 1.8 meters in width. On the upper right of the picture is the "Turkey Poem" by Emperor Qianlong inscribed by Yu Minzhong, a scholar of Wenhua Temple. First, the section: "Chen Yu Minzhong gave a letter to the edict." The seals include: "Chen Min China and India" and "Report to the Country" Zhu Wen privately printed two pieces.

In the lower right corner of the screen, there is the title of Jin Ting Biao in regular script: "Chen Jin Ting Biao Gong Painting", and the seal: "Ting Biao" privately printed in white.

In the center of the painting, a turkey standing on a rock is depicted. The head of the chicken is turned to the right of the painting. Its eyes are piercing, its sharp beak is bent, and its claws are firmly grasping the rock.

On the right side of the picture is a green pine that is twisted and twisted, the bark is mottled and vigorous, the pine branches are on it, and the needles are also freehand in shape and meaning.

In the lower left corner of the picture, a turkey twisting its head and pecking its feathers is painted, as if looking at a turbulent stream in the rocks. The upper part of the turkey is painted with brown and purple Ganoderma lucidum, and the lower right corner is painted with white peony. There are several small flowers around it.

The whole work uses Western methods for turkey, ganoderma, and peony. The dotted tree stone pen is a traditional ink look. The turkey is accurate in shape, realistic and realistic, feathers, pecks, and claws are rich in texture, using perspective, light and shade, and layering and other Western realism techniques. Elements to express.

The peony is graceful and luxurious, the color is fresh, and it is charming and pleasant. The background of the picture is quaint, the turkey and peony are exquisitely realistic, and the combination of the two is harmonious and unified. This is undoubtedly a masterpiece of the combination of Chinese and Western.

This "Turkey Picture" was not only recorded in the Archives Collection of the Office of Internal Affairs of the Qing Palace", it was also published in the thirty-third episode of "The Collection of Famous Chinese Paintings" in the eighteenth year of the Republic of China (1929), and the twenty-third episode of the Republic of China's 20th year. Year (1931) Volume 31 of "Hushe Monthly".

This "Turkey Picture", which Lang Shining and Jin Tingbiao collaborated on, is well-documented and has an orderly inheritance. It is definitely a masterpiece of Qing dynasty paintings.

Xiao Yao appreciates the technique and color of this painting very much.

Technically: The hairy lines are neatly arranged on the hook, short and thin lines, similar to Western sketch lines. This kind of line is based on the change of light. The ink line is lighter in the backlight, and the ink line is thicker in the backlight. It is rendered with lines and colors (ocher, cyan) to form this artistic effect of expressing feathers.

The neck line of "Turkey Picture" is short and thin, all hooked down clockwise, with titanium dioxide in the middle for highlighting, and then rendering. The color rendering uses cyan, head cyan, two green, titanium dioxide, etc.

These rich color rendering techniques, realistic realism, accurate modeling ability, and fine and neatly arranged line techniques are an important basis for judging the level of a Western painter’s artistic level. Among the painters of the Ruyiguan in the early to mid-Qianlong period, except for Castiglione Castiglione. In addition, other painters do not possess such a high level of Western painting.

Color: "Turkey Picture" is very rich in the use of pigments. In the seemingly uniform tone, it uses more than 20 kinds of pigments, many of which are between blue and blue, such as feathers. Cyan, head green, ocher, magenta alum white; cyan, head green, two green, alum white used for the neck; Zhu dart, magenta, alum white used for the first part; Garcinia and alum white of the pecking part; paws The brown red, ocher, magenta, titanium dioxide.

The details are portrayed: the white space around the eyelids, the highlight treatment of the eyeballs, the rendering of the eye socket colors (red dart, magenta, alum white), the posture of the claws and the lines and stripes are all very powerful.

Xiao Yao liked this painting very much, and he carefully appreciated it, and then he put it back on the Bogu frame with love, and then picked up another painting to watch it.

This painting is still a work by Castiglione, and it turned out to be a relatively rare "Portrait of Qianlong".

In this painting, the character's face is exquisitely portrayed, and it has obvious traces of European painting. It is a work independently completed by Castiglione Castiglione in the early Qianlong period.

Castiglione's works were made in the early Qianlong period. Because the painter was young and powerful, the depiction of the faces of the figures was more detailed, and all the paintings were done by Castiglione alone.

Considering that this painting was independently completed by Castiglione and it is also a portrait of Qianlong, the price should be around 170 million yuan. The "Turkey Picture" was completed by Castiglione and Jin Tingbiao. Although the scale is larger, the value is lower. His estimate is about 80 million.

The third scroll opened by Xiao Yao is still the work of Castiglione Castiglione, and it is his fine painting "Eight Horses".

There are many works by Castiglione on horses, but this picture is definitely a masterpiece of its kind.

In terms of painting skills, Castiglione created a novel painting method different from traditional painting. He used Chinese brushes, paper silk and colors, but he was able to use European painting methods to focus on the anatomical structure, volume and texture of the fur of the horse, making the horse image in his brush accurate, proportionate, and three-dimensional, rather than resembling it. Ancient Chinese painters used long and strong lines to outline the outline of objects.

He used fine short lines to depict the horse’s appearance, fur folds, and raised blood vessels and tendons underneath the fur, or use the shades of color to express the horse’s concave and convex muscles, in accordance with the sketching method. The images of horses in the paintings are quite different.

In the palace more than two hundred years ago, this unique painting method was loved by the emperor, and this influenced the painting style of some Chinese court painters. As a result, this combination of Chinese and Western painting methods is still used today. There is no shortage of descendants.

Xiao Yao estimated that although the price of this work is not as good as "Portrait of Qianlong", the price will never be less than 100 million yuan.

All the works on this grid of the Bogu frame are Castiglione's works, but the remaining works are not considered as fine works, and the prices range from 5 million to 20 million.

Xiao Yao simply took a look and then put it down.

The works placed in the first grid gave him a huge surprise, and the works placed in the next grid did not disappoint him either. All of them were Xu Beihong's works.

Xu Beihong's position in the history of painting needless to say. He has a broad and profound artistic accomplishment, and he is good at drawing and oil painting. He is particularly creative in Chinese characters, animals, and landscapes, which has opened up a new realm for modern Chinese painting.