New Shun 1730

Sutras are all good sutras.

However, as the economic foundation and production relations have changed, it is easy to read the scriptures incorrectly.

Zhu Xi's Neo-Confucianism is not without its merits, but when the feudal system still exists, the hierarchy is strict, and there is no cross-regional class system such as the imperial examination, you can imagine how it will be distorted: the Celestial Dynasty can still be a farmer, and the emperor can be emperor at dusk. Hall.

When it comes to Japan, this Zhu Xi Neo-Confucianism may focus on the point that "people's hierarchical identity is immutable." There is a reason why the shogunate chose Zhu Xi's Neo-Confucianism as its official ideology.

It is reasonable for this master to dislike Zhu Xi's Neo-Confucianism.

But he didn't expect that this master didn't learn Yangming's Xinxue. This was really beyond Liu Yu's expectation.

In order to protect Confucius, Yangming Xinxue took all the blame for Confucius under the background that the Ming Dynasty almost destroyed the world. In Dashun, it was considered to be empty talk about Xinxing. Anyway, someone has to take the blame. Wang Yangming is famous enough, so this No one else can take the blame.

But in Japan... the hierarchy is so strict and the feudal constraints are so serious. It is said that the theory of mind should be the most disseminated and the easiest to be recognized as a theory to break the hierarchy.

Liu Yu never expected that this master and craftsman was neither Zhu Zi nor Yangming, but a member of the ancient Confucian school.

Hearing this, he thought about it for a while and said with a smile: "Retrospection is false, but relying on the past to change the present is true. The ancient Confucianism talks about great meanings, and the great meanings can be interpreted as you like. If you are dissatisfied, but lack the theory, you can only find truth from ancient books to express your feelings. own thoughts.”

"This reminds me of something, why don't you listen to it?"

The master craftsman of Taziwu was slightly excited when he heard Liu Yu give such an evaluation, but he did not argue. Instead, he asked Liu Yu what he wanted to say.

Liu Yu recalled it and quoted a passage with a smile.

"People create their own history, but they do not create it as they please, not under conditions of their own choosing, but under conditions that are directly encountered, established, and inherited from the past."

"The traditions of all dead ancestors haunt the minds of living people like incubus. When people seem to be just busy transforming themselves and the things around them and creating things that have never been heard of before, it happens that in this old world In an era when they could not go back to the old and the new had not yet been established, they tremblingly invited the spirits of the dead to help them.”

“Borrowing their names, battle slogans and clothes in order to act out new scenes of world history in this long-revered costume and in this borrowed language.”

After quoting this sentence, Liu Yu laughed and said: "So you Confucians just think that the old cannot continue as usual and the new has not yet been established, so you borrow the names, costumes and slogans of the ancients to perform new ones. scene.”

"Let me analyze it for you. You hate the division of scholars, farmers, industry and commerce into four classes. Scholars are scholars and people are people. The shogunate also promoted Zhu Xi's theory. You don't dare to directly say that this is wrong, let alone directly oppose the way of Confucius and Mencius, or the way of Zhou Gong and Confucius. It’s too sacred and respected by others, so you use the name of ancient learning to say what you want to say.”

"Am I right?"

The master of Taziwu was astonished, recalling the somewhat difficult words Liu Yu had just quoted, and the more he thought about it, the more it made sense. It seemed that the sentence revealed the essence, but he didn't know which great scholar said it?

Thinking about what Liu Yu said later, which directly dispelled these ideas, he couldn't help but ask: "Is the same true in Tang Dynasty?"

Liu Yu laughed and said: "Theories based on the ancients and the present are blooming everywhere. How can they be used now? Wang Anshi used the technique of applying to the Shang Dynasty, but concealed its name, and wrote "New Meanings of Zhou Rites". It is really a common thing, and it is not enough. It’s strange. You are in a small country, how do you know the culture of the place where Confucianism originated?”

"As far as I can see, whether you are engaged in Confucianism or Xinxue, it will be over sooner or later. Maybe one day the shogunate will come out and say that Confucianism and Xinxue are heresies, and Zhu Xi's studies must be regarded as orthodox, and heretics cannot be taught. "Now that he has given the order, your mouth can still speak, but if your neck is cut off, can you still speak?"

"This place is so far away from Edo. When I buy things with silver coins bearing the Kirijidan cross, no one dares to accept them. This shows how strict the control is. Let me see, it is useless for you to learn. Why not study Zhuzi's teachings carefully? In the future It’s also good for future generations to have a living without losing their heads.”

"Righteousness is a sword and cannot replace it. Master holds a sword in one hand and a sutra in the other. If Shao Zhengmao messes up his words, he will be punished. You are a small country with scholars, peasants, industry and merchants who are insurmountable. How can you have a chance to hold a sword? You can't hold a sword, and the sword holder tells you to only learn from Zhu Xi. If you don't learn, then kill all the heretics, then isn't it the only one who can learn from Zhu Xi?"

The three words instigated rebellion. The masters and craftsmen of Taziwu had never heard such remarks before, and they were at a loss for a while.

If we say it is vulgar, there are some irrefutable truths in the vulgarity.

If it makes sense, it is completely inconsistent with what he has learned.

After thinking about it carefully, I really can't find any reason to refute it. Liu Yu thought to himself that if this were in Dashun, I would be sprayed all over my body as soon as I finished saying these few words, and the spray would have to be based on the classics. Even if I'm talking about this with a half-hearted Confucian scholar like you, your knowledge level is still insufficient, and even if you think about it, you can't find enough words to refute.

After a long time, the master craftsman of Taziwu sighed and asked leisurely: "The Tang Dynasty is a big country, why are you here?"

Liu Yuzheng said: "Practice the way of benevolence and righteousness, build the land of kingship, promote the words of Confucius and Mencius, and realize the righteousness of all people."

After Da Yi said these few words in awe, Liu Yu did not blush at all, and said to himself: "I am also a Confucian scholar..."

The Terakoya master was shocked and said, "You are also a Confucian scholar?"

Liu Yu nodded naturally and said, "Of course."

"Uh..."

He looked up and looked at Liu Yu carefully, thinking that you just talked for a long time, but there was no words of sages, how can you be like a Confucian scholar?

Thinking again, Tang is a holy land of Confucianism. Are all Confucian scholars in Tang like this? Abandoning red tape, can you seek true benevolence and righteousness?

He has never been to Tang either. Although he has learned some Chinese studies and recognizes Chinese characters, the shogunate has been closed to the country for a long time. Apart from knowing that Tang changed its name to Shun, he does not know much about Tang.

"I came here for this, do you think there is anything wrong?" Liu Yu did not go into detail whether he was a Confucian scholar, but directly asked the Terakoya master, thinking that if he was for [practicing benevolence and righteousness, building a land of kingly way, promoting the words of Confucius and Mencius, and achieving the righteousness of all people], then landing in Tosa and going to war with Tosa Domain, is it right? Or wrong?

The benevolence and righteousness of Confucianism are universally applicable beyond all nations. Of course, if we don't talk about what is benevolence and righteousness, and only talk about benevolence and righteousness, then this is the case.

Benevolence and righteousness are definitely correct.

The master of Terakoya hesitated for a moment and said, "If you really come for this, it's not wrong. Our country is small, not as big as the Tang Dynasty, but our great Confucian Ito Jinsai once said: There is not only one Tang and Wu in the world. If Jie and Zhou repented of their evil, then Tang and Wu would not have to be punished. If their evil remained the same, then the world would all be Tang and Wu."

"If the Tang Dynasty really wants to practice benevolence and righteousness and build a land of kingly way, it is understandable."

"I didn't believe it at first, but it can be seen that your army behaves in moderation, trades fairly, does not disturb or disrupt the people, and has a strict formation. It is a real king's army. But I don't know what your benevolence and righteousness and kingly way are like?"

Hearing that this person actually quoted the interpretation of Mencius' words, Liu Yu was secretly happy. He knew that Mencius's teachings were once difficult to spread in Japan. Just like the previous dynasty deleted Mencius for a period of time, Japan also banned Mencius from spreading in Japan for a period of time, and spread rumors everywhere, saying that whoever had "Mencius" on his ship would encounter strong winds and waves. This rumor was widely circulated, and Liu Yu heard about it when he was in Nagasaki.

Thinking that the shogunate had been closed for so long, no one knew what Dashun was like anyway, so he could just blow it around.

As for the direction of blowing, it was naturally blowing in the direction of the interpretation of Ming and Song in the market in the previous life. Anyway, the Japanese closed their country and could not see it, just like the Europeans swung it around and blew Dashun.

The ideal country that cannot be seen or touched is the most perfect ideal country.

If you can't see or touch it, you will not be disillusioned if you only stay in your imagination. It's outdated to reform the system by referring to the past. After all, the words time and space, time will produce a sense of alienation, while space is closer.

So, according to my memory of the praise of the Song Dynasty and the Ming Dynasty, I easily portrayed a paradise of benevolence, justice and morality in the impression of people who had never really seen the Celestial Empire in this closed country, which was comparable to the rule of the Three Dynasties.

The tax rate was one in thirty, and the agricultural tax was extremely low.

The cabinet politics, the emperor ruled the country and the cabinet handled government affairs.

The imperial examination system, class mobility, and those who were good at learning became officials.

No scholars were killed, and no one was convicted for speaking.

The emperor did not attend the court, and the country continued to operate.

The king died for the country, and the emperor guarded the country.

The cabinet system, the imperial power was controlled by others, this was the co-governance of the monarch and his ministers, the world was not the world of one person, but the world of all people in the world.

The mind was open, no one was convicted for heresy, Confucianism flourished, and the heart school led the liberation of thought.

The morality was extremely high, and the doors were not locked at night and no one picked up lost items on the road. If there was a disaster in Henei, the people would be moved to Hedong and the grain would be moved to Henei.

Confucian scholars learned all six arts, and they could expand the territory by martial arts and enter the cabinet and become prime ministers by literature. Common people could directly go to the capital to file a complaint with the Great Edict. If officials did not accept the complaint, they would be stripped of their official positions.

The price of corn was so low that the court had to pay to buy rice from the people to prevent the low price of corn from hurting farmers. Merchants were not allowed to lend money at high interest rates. If the interest rate was higher than three percent, and if the principal and interest doubled within three years, it would be a serious crime and only the principal would be repaid.

People were respected only based on their knowledge and abilities, not based on their origins and fathers, and there was no unchanging caste of the four classes of people.

Of course, there were beggars, but these beggars were all lazy. The court would recruit these beggars into the army, not only to provide them with food and clothing, but also to set up camps in the army so that they could learn to be human after solving the problem of food and clothing.

There were nurseries and orphans, and widows, widowers, and orphans were all taken care of. The court set up granaries and charity granaries everywhere to prevent disasters.

Any policy formulated by the cabinet, as long as it was passed, the cabinet had the right to advise, execute, and supervise. If officials in the world have arms, there will be some treacherous villains occasionally, and they will be cleared out by the three-year inspection, imperial examination and major plan.

As long as scholars pass the examination, they can be exempted from taxes and labor service, or continue to study, or be a teacher in the countryside to spread the words of the saints.

The emperor is the model of the world, and benevolence and righteousness are the first. Every year during the farming season, it is necessary to offer sacrifices to the sky and personally hold the plow; the queen also has to raise silkworms in spring to show the example of women in the world...

After saying this, the master of Terakoya felt a little breathless, as if the blood was boiling in his body, hitting his heart and pumping to his brain, and there was a white light in front of his eyes, that was the glory of the three dynasties and the world of benevolence and righteousness.

Under the closed country, he had never seen what the Tang Dynasty looked like.

However, he saw the Tang people's army and even watched a big show - yesterday, Liu Yu spent twenty taels of silver to hire a Marine Corps officer to steal two kilograms of salted fish. The price of silver gave the officer ten lashes - with such an army comparable to the king's division, doesn't it mean that only such a dynasty can give birth to such an army?

The dreamlike feeling lingered in front of his eyes and could not be dissipated. The man in front of him was already a count, but he was so approachable and without any pretensions. If it weren't for such a celestial dynasty, how could there be such a person?

Seeing that he had fainted, Liu Yu was afraid that he would think something was wrong, so he added: "Don't think that thirty tax dollars is a small amount. It seems impossible. However, with 900 million acres of land in Dashun, one stone per mu is pure. In terms of grain, if one stone is one tael of silver, the tax can still be 30 million taels."

"This money does not belong to the emperor, but belongs to the household government, and the world is public. One is to support the army, and the other is to protect the people. For example, to repair water conservancy and build palaces, it is not to recruit the people, but to give money. The people are happy, every time This matter must be rushed.”

Closing this loophole, which is most likely to be found based on mathematics, actually hits the wound of the special enfeoffment system of the shogunate.

When the master craftsman of Terakoya was thirsty, he heard Liu Yu sigh again: "I heard that the people in Japan are extremely miserable. There are four public and six citizens, and there are villagers, group leaders, and common people who take advantage of them. The lords of each vassal, They are so extravagant that they even say that farmers are like flax, the more they squeeze, the more oil they produce, and they levy heavy taxes privately."

"There was a poem in the Celestial Dynasty: There is no idle land all over the world, and farmers are still starving to death; those who are covered with silk clothes are not silkworm farmers. This is just a poet's sigh to criticize the state affairs. Now it seems that it is true in Japan."

"After seventeen years of living under the rule of law, famine came. I heard about the suffering of the Japanese people, so I specially sent sweet potatoes to help the famine. But I also heard that some wealthy households took the opportunity to annex the land, so that the rich were connected to each other and the poor had no place to stand!"

"After entering Tosa, I saw that the people had plenty of food to eat, but they could not eat the rice they grew. They could only eat radishes and sweet potatoes. People are not heartless, and human nature is good. Seeing this, crying, isn't it compassionate? The Holy Emperor is far away in the capital, and there are also some I have heard that there is nothing in the world that does not belong to the royal family. The purpose of establishing education in small states is not to take the land, but to practice benevolence and righteousness."

"I also heard that in Japan today, every son inherits his father's inheritance. The four peoples are not connected, and there is no way to select scholars through the imperial examination. The mediocre people all set up courts, use rotten wood as officials, and use the country as private property..."

He made a fierce exclamation, surrounded by the words benevolence and righteousness, which spoke to the heart of the master of the temple.

Liu Yu cupped his hands and said: "Sir, since you are a student of Confucianism, you should know what benevolence and righteousness are. Aren't what I'm talking about benevolence and righteousness? The world is not owned by one person. The emperor has thousands of miles of land, so why does he care about the size of Japan? It's really unbearable. The suffering of the people is about to overthrow tyranny and promote virtuous government.”

"I don't understand Japanese, so please take advantage of your awe-inspiring spirit and write an essay to inspire the aspirations of all people!"

It was the enthusiastic scholar who was dazzled by Liu Yu's ideal country, and was inspired by Liu Yu's last sentence to use the awe-inspiring righteousness in his heart. Then he thought about the unfair treatment he had received due to the primogeniture system, and immediately poured out ink, Under Liu Yu's temptation, he wrote an article.

Poverty spreads all over the world, but heaven's wealth will last forever; when villains govern the country, disasters will come; this is the profound warning of the past saints to future generations of kings and ministers. Dongzhao Shenjun also said: "Compassion for widowers and widowers is the foundation of benevolent government."

However, during the past hundred years, those above have become increasingly arrogant and extravagant. Regardless of morality and righteousness, he used his nepotism in the inner circle to work hard to gain important responsibilities. Therefore, he only sought personal gain for one person and his family, and received large sums of money from the people in the inner circle.

In the vast wilderness of Xiangbao, the people's strength has been exhausted, and countless people have died of hunger, but the looting continues. Like this situation, from admiring the government to the various vassals, it became a common practice. Eventually, the whole world was impoverished and everyone complained. There is no way to tell the people's complaints, and the people's complaints are soaring to the sky, but there are floods, cold summer, grass worms, failure to harvest crops, and hunger. This is the reason why God has given us this profound warning.

However, there are still many people who are not aware of it, and villains and evil people continue to take charge of political affairs. They are planning to squeeze out gold and rice, and they are angry with the world.

They were rich in land, newly cultivated land, etc., and had plenty of food and clothing. However, they saw natural disasters and punishments and did not know how to pick up the food themselves, ignoring the common people begging for food. In this difficult time for people's livelihood, they are still well-dressed and well-fed, enjoying themselves among actors and prostitutes, just like in the past. This feeling and scene are actually the same as King Zhou’s long night banquet...

...Each village maintains an account book at the head of Ditou Village to record the annual tribute and rent. Although there is always concern about destroying the accounts, in order to save the people from poverty, all these account books and documents should be burned immediately.

Those who have no land, or those who have land but cannot support their parents and wives, can make the land equal in the world and then divide it, and pay a tax of one per thirty, in order to promote benevolent government.

Today's actions are different from the rebellion and rebellion of Ping Jiangmen, Mingzhi Mitsuhide, Han scholars Liu Yu, and Zhu Quanzhong of this dynasty; nor are they due to the selfish desire to steal the world. Gai Wei was just imitating Tang, Wu, Han Gaozu, and Ming Dynasty in their sincerity to punish the people and fight against crimes. The sun, moon and stars should be able to discern the original intention of the cause.

Today, the people of the Tang Dynasty are traveling far away, and they will not miss the autumn. They are sincere kings, and they want to build the land of kings. They have no intention of invasion. Since the heavenly dynasty is used as a model, our country can also imitate its politics.

There is a king above, and there are ministers below. The ministers are all talented people, selected and selected. The capable ones go up and the rotten ones go down. There is heaven above and earth below. The earth is equally divided among the people. The people eat their own food and take food for thirty years. one for public use...