From to 1935 2020

After knowing the truth, the breath was released in his chest, and Wei Lihuang passed away a day later.According to the memories of his family, before Wei Junru left, he kept saying repeatedly: what a Huang Yuanxing, what a Huang Yuanxing...

Due to the fact that the car has too much black history, it has always been the top secret of the CCP. It has been in the Soviet Union for a long time to be analyzed and squeezed out, and it was handed back to China in the late 70s.However, it has been kept as a top secret for a long time, kept in a closed state, and is not officially recognized as existing.

Model [-]: A jewel-encrusted trash can

The first generation of armored soldiers of the Red Army, the first generation of tanks actually driven, started with the four Italian CV33 tanks obtained after the Nanchang zero-yuan purchase. Regarding this car, the official record of the Italians selling it to China is CV35 (that is, produced in 1935), but in fact, the second-hand CV[-] used by oneself is sold (this is a historical fact).

(PS: According to the official historical records, the Nanjing Kuomintang government obtained about 20 tanks of this type from Italy. Thanks to Wu Mingjie for this. The important historical records he found for me are [-] tanks, and the relevant information obtained by Baidu is usually It is ten, and the data in this respect is wrong.)

The first four were obtained when Changsha bought them for zero yuan, four more were seized during the Shanxi Campaign, and the remaining eight were captured by the Red Army during the Huainan Campaign.The last four vehicles have been placed in the Nanjing Teaching Corps as training vehicles.When Chang Kaishen fell from power, these four CV[-]s were acquired by Chen Jitang, and they were all lost during the Battle of Songhu.Among them, the two wrecks with better car bodies were pulled back to Japan and put on display in Tokyo Park, while the remaining two wrecks were recycled by the Japanese army as scrap iron and brought back to China for steelmaking.

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The CV[-] tank in the hands of the Red Army was jokingly called a "jewel-studded" trash can by Soviet instructors.

The reason for this name is that the CV[-] body itself has no bright spots, but because of the obsessive-compulsive disorder of a certain national-level senior technician, he went off in person and carried out crazy modifications on eight CV[-]s: all the rivetings were replaced. Welded eight machine gun turrets manually, and used the most advanced electric rotation design at that time to drive the turrets to rotate. The small [-]-ton ultra-light tank was equipped with a radio station, and even wore the world's first The anti-infantry jumped mines, and in the later period, it was even replaced with a lightweight transistor radio station-a small broken car, but it was full of the most advanced armor auxiliary equipment that the world could find and think of at that time. , The Soviet instructor who came into contact with this tank for the first time was extremely anxious.

"Beggars wear emperor clothes!"

"Gem-studded trash can!"

The first four "trash cans studded with gems" participated in the battle to destroy the Mabuqing transport team, the Battle of Bayanzhuoer, the Battle of Shanxi, and in the later period of the Battle of Pingjin, they also participated in the battle against the Japanese First and Sixth Divisions During the period, three vehicles were destroyed by the Japanese army (recycled and repaired after the war), but all of them were lucky enough to survive until the end of the war.

Due to the trouble in the supply of spare parts for this vehicle, it retired to the second line after the Tongzhou Battle and served as a training vehicle for the armored forces school.During the Battle of Nanjing, after the Japanese army abandoned Eastern Hebei, it was transferred to the front line of Shanhaiguan to supply the infantry. After 1938, it was again withdrawn to the second line as a training vehicle, and it was used until it was retired.

Of the remaining eight CV33 captured by the Red Army during the Huainan Campaign, four of them were equipped with 37mm anti-tank guns supported by the Soviet Union and transformed into self-propelled anti-tank guns. They were called "Italian 37" in the Red Army. The T27 is from the same family (a copy of the Kaden Lloyd armored vehicle), and it is often mistaken for its similar shape to the SU3, the same deformation vehicle of the T[-].

The eight CV[-]s and their deformed vehicles obtained in the Huainan Campaign later participated in the Nanjing Defense War. After the battle, only one Italian [-] and one CV[-] were preserved intact, and all other battle damages were removed.The remaining two vehicles were assigned to the Armored Forces School as a training vehicle after the war, and were collected by the Nanjing Defense War Memorial Hall after retirement.

T27 tank - cousin of the CV33, Carden Lloyd Soviet version.

Because its total weight is only 2.7 tons, its own road passability is strong, and it can be transported away by a truck.After the external sea line of communication was cut off by the Japanese army, it was one of the easiest tracked armored vehicle supplements for the Red Army.This car was also the chariot with the largest number owned by the Red Army of Workers and Peasants during the Anti-Japanese War, with more than 260 vehicles before and after.

In the Soviet Union, this vehicle was regarded as an armored vehicle and a training vehicle, but in backward China, it assumed the role of a tank in many periods.

After the car came to China, there are three main tasks.

One is as a novice coach,

Secondly, during offensive operations, as the assistant of the main T26 tank, mount a machine gun and follow behind the T26 and T60 to cover up and deal with the enemy's anti-tank infantry.

When it comes to defensive operations, it plays an important role as a battlefield firefighter and a mobile machine gun tower.

In the combat manual distributed by the instructor to the tank soldiers, the first sentence is: T27 is as thin as paper, don't let him attack the positions with anti-tank guns alone.

Half of the T27 tanks sent to China by the Soviets were lost in the fierce war.

There are many kinds of its deformation vehicles: the Red Army first gave it and then installed a 37mm anti-tank gun to transform it into SU37 (the official name is Su. 37), but there are actually three kinds of Su 37, one is to install the Soviet-made 37mm Tank guns, the other is equipped with the same type of 37 guns captured by the Japanese army, and there is also a modified version of a different type, but it is replaced with a 37 mm light gun.

In addition, there are products modified with a small amount of 20mm machine guns obtained, similar to the same variant of the Polish TKS.

In addition, some front-line armored units also put 82mm mortars on the vehicle and transformed it into a self-propelled mortar vehicle.

Some troops also equip the co-pilot with a 12.7mm anti-tank gun, and some even mount both American-made and Soviet-made 12.7 machine guns.

The most frenzied modification is that during the Battle of Nanjing, the defensive troops welded a full twelve anti-infantry directional mines on the body of the vehicle, and transformed it into an automatic mine-jumping vehicle for defensive operations.

However, most of the above-mentioned deformed vehicles are "personalized modifications" carried out by front-line combat troops according to their actual needs. The number is extremely rare, and few of them can survive. trace.

Vik Tank E tank

The British-made Vick tank was the best-performing tank that the Red Army obtained before the arrival of the Soviet T26 tank.Six vehicles were seized during the Shanxi campaign, and another four were captured during the Huainan campaign.

For some tanks seized in the early days, the Red Army replaced its original 26-horsepower air-cooled engine with a 91-horsepower engine eliminated from the T75.However, due to the trouble of refitting, I only gave up after remodeling four cars.The three modified vehicles were given to Fu Zuoyi and participated in the Tongzhou Battle and the Xianghe Blocking Battle.The rest were sold to Chen Jitang, and due to spare parts maintenance problems, the car in Fu Zuoyi's hands was soon exchanged by the Red Army for T[-] and given to Chen Jitang.

Chen Jitang obtained a total of ten Vickers E tanks before the Battle of Songhu.Seven of them were lost in the early battle, and the remaining three were taken over by the Red Army when they were withdrawn to Nanjing and participated in the Nanjing Defense War.All were lost at the end of the battle.

After the battle, the Red Army accidentally took back a previously lost tank from the Japanese army, and it was repaired and used by the Japanese army. The abandoned Vickers E tank was damaged again, and it was replaced and restored with parts from other abandoned old vehicles. However, because of the lack of spare parts, the car was quickly relegated to the second line as a training car, and was collected by the Nanjing Battle Memorial Hall many years later.

Similar to the CV[-], a destroyed and captured Vickers E-tank was brought back to Tokyo for exhibition by the Japanese army in the early days of the Songhu Battle, in order to show that its illustrious military service inspired the morale of the people who supported the war.

Ft2 Renault Tank, Quantity: [-]

A very rare chariot in the hands of the Nanjing National Government, which is owned by Zhang Xueliang of the Northeast Army. After the September [-]th Incident, Zhang Xueliang's last "family property" was later given to Chang Kaishen by Zhang Xueliang.Because it is too old, it has been only used as a training tank.During the Nanjing Defense War, this antique tank from World War I was also pulled out and participated in defensive operations as a mobile fortress.The Red Army also knew its poor performance, so it has always been placed behind the infantry line as a mobile machine gun fortress.

Because the position is always behind the infantry line of defense, it was wounded and broken by Japanese grenades many times during the war, and was injured again after repairing.Later, due to the lack of repairing parts, the engine and other available materials were removed after losing its mobility, and then it was used as a fixed machine gun turret on the front line.

During the war, the two vehicles were unsurprisingly caught fire by the artillery of both sides in the tug-of-war, and were finally beaten into parts.

-------------------- Chapter 263 Totally Collapsed --------------------

In the battle of Songhu, in the Japanese army's earlier battle plan, the initial "delusion" of the high-level officials was that only three divisions could be dispatched to wipe out Songhu. For the sake of safety, under the strong request of Okamura Ningji, it was only increased to Five divisions.

When the Red Army officially went south on September 14st and announced that it would defend Nanjing instead of Chen Jitang, the five divisions became seven divisions. As a reserve team, the No.[-] division, which was the most combative, quickly joined in. Then the war became more and more fierce, and the more it fought, the more it got out of control, and the Japanese army was forced to increase the number of troops continuously.

Just like at the beginning of the war, Peng Shichuan said to the media all over the world: the Japanese chieftain had no more soldiers to use. From the time when the number of troops increased to the tenth division, Japan's domestic military mobilization ability has reached its peak.The divisions sent from China to China are getting worse and worse in terms of equipment and training. According to the standards of the Japanese army, they can only be regarded as D-class divisions. Caliber mortar.

If the quality is not enough, cannon fodder is used to make up.Contrary to the fact that the equipment is getting worse and worse, these newly added "rifle divisions" all have an astonishingly high proportion of soldiers and an astonishingly large number of troops. The smallest number of these newly added divisions is 5000 people. Even reaching 3 people.

After all, it was horse dung cannon fodder worth only twenty-five cents, plus a war death pension of [-] yen. No matter how many deaths, the headquarters would not feel sad. (Japanese military pensions have slightly changed in different periods)

By the end of the battle on December 1937, 27, the total number of divisions invested by the Japanese army had reached as many as 12 divisions, and the total number of troops had also increased from the initial 55 to the later period of the campaign. 1936 people-this is a terrifying number. You must know that before the secret mobilization in [-], Japan was originally the [-]th main division.

On January 27, the Battle of Nanking ended.Yasui Fujiji led the remnants of [-] divisions to retreat towards Shanghai in great strides.The third commander of the East China Dispatch Army, Hata Shunroku, was urgently dispatched to clean up the mess—because the army of Kenji Doihara’s six divisions was deeply trapped in Songhu, and the entire army was wiped out. The second commander, Matsui Iwane, was arrested as a criminal Dismissal investigation.The high-level military officials pushed the pot in various ways, and finally sent the unlucky Hata Toshiroku over.

When Hata Junliu came to Shanghai, the troops returning from the front line, plus the garrison in the Shanghai area, were fully prepared, and the Japanese army with intact limbs and basically no injuries, there were only 13 people. Yasui Fujiji, who was passively rescued, paid 3 people Withdrew after the casualties.

Hata Shunroku did not punish Yasui Fuji, and even understood him in his heart.If he really followed Yong Ren's random order to storm Nanjing to break the siege, then the Japanese army would not even have the strength to defend Shanghai, and would be driven down to sea by the Communist forces-at least now relying on these 13 people, they can survive One or two months.

Hata Junliu liquidated the losses, and obtained terrifying data: Counting the wounded soldiers brought back by Yasui Fujiji this wave, there are currently nearly 15 wounded soldiers in Shanghai, and another 22 wounded soldiers were sent away in advance. In the one-month war, a total of 13 wounded soldiers were harvested, plus Yasui's 55 "good" human hairs, this is the last remaining number of [-] Japanese troops who participated in the war.

55-13 42 =

During the Battle of Nanjing, which lasted for four months and about 120 days, the Japanese army lost a total of 42 troops, including 20 irrecoverable permanent losses. (Note: 20 miles, 18 killed in battle, 2 captured)

The reason why the casualty ratio is close to one to one is that during the counterattack in the Battle of Nanjing, [-]% of the Japanese troops in the early [-]s who were surrounded died in battle or starved to death.Instantly increased the death rate.In addition, another reason is that the Japanese army has been killing, burning, looting and looting in the Songhu area for the past four months. They have sucked up their hatred and paid off their debts. The soldiers who participated in the war were all quietly repairing the wounded Japanese soldiers. "If you can't take prisoners, don't take them" has long been the consensus in everyone's mind.

The third reason has something to do with Huang Ke. The crazy abuse of stinky dung landmines and golden dung bombs increased the infection and death rate of the Japanese wounded.In order to save the amount of explosives, grenades and landmines mixed with dried feces were used crazily, whether it was Su Yu's combat troops behind enemy lines or street battles in Nanjing, because these two were the only ones that the Red Army could use in large quantities besides incendiary bombs. equipment.

These explosive weapons, mainly conventional granule black powder, are not very powerful and have insufficient fragments, so it is difficult to directly kill the Japanese army. However, after a little scratch, there is a certain probability of causing subsequent infection and inducing scurvy.During the Battle of Nanjing, the defenders consumed hundreds of thousands of grenades every day. Due to the limited supply of explosives, most of the grenades were made of black powder.

Being led by Huang Ke to ruin the Red Army's military industry, he has long turned dried dung into a "power enhancer" that must be added to "black powder" grenades. (Grenades filled with explosives and TNT will not add dry manure)

Throw 10 dry dung grenades a day, each filled with 1000 grams of dry dung is [-] kilograms.Dried dung powder is blown up in the city and floats in the air.This is not counting dry dung mines, and there are various projectile dry dung explosives.

"Golden dung", a primitive biochemical weapon, can be regarded as being played out in the hands of the Red Army.As a result, the entire city of Nanjing has been filled with stench for the past four months.Microorganisms grew in the air, and the wound infection rate of the wounded remained high. Sometimes a small wound with broken skin, if unlucky, turned into scurvy and killed the Japanese soldier.

"The Red Army has green", green refers to the unlimited supply of penicillin, naturally not afraid of this kind of thing, but the Japanese soldiers on the opposite side were miserable. Because of the aggravated wound infection and induced scurvy, many Japanese soldiers died in the rear hospital.

During this period, sulfonamide had just been invented, and the price was astonishing, and penicillin was also expensive.Twenty-five cents worth of army horse manure, cheaper to die than cured.Financially, the Japanese army, which had broken through production long ago, was willing to import high-priced antibiotics to treat more than 20 wounded.

(Note: Historically, during World War II, the Japanese army was unable to produce its own sulfa powder, which was also a luxury item in the Japanese army. If any Japanese army sprinkled sulfa powder directly on the wound, it would be sent to a military court.)

After the Battle of Nanjing, the Japanese army suffered heavy losses and retreated all the way to Shanghai. During the Spring Festival, the Japanese army’s control area in the Songhu area has been compressed to Shanghai as the center, and the radiation controls Suzhou, Nantong, Jiaxing, and Ningbo (a small corner). A small piece of land.What they have to face is the 60 main Red Army with high morale, which has wiped out the Doihara Department and is repairing and waiting for ammunition replenishment.

Although Hata Toshiro still has 13 combatable soldiers in his hands, these troops are seriously short of heavy weapons, ammunition is also insufficient, and air superiority is not in their hands. After the big victory and the sweep of Zhejiang, it has now entered a turning point in the offensive where its strength is temporarily exhausted and needs to be repaired. Otherwise, the East China Front Army would have been directly driven into the sea.

During this period, in fact, the high-level Japanese army, from the emperor to Malu in the military headquarters, all knew that the war situation in East China was completely collapsed and hopeless.Now is the time to use this window to withdraw troops from the sea at all costs.

But even in this field, facing the 60 people on the opposite side, who are repairing and will definitely attack again after the Chinese New Year, the top military officials are still pretending to be stupid about "who will issue the withdrawal order"— — This is how the Fukushima crisis of later generations came about.

Hata Shunroku was appointed as the third commander, and his superiors wanted him to take the blame.But the old devil became more oily and slippery as he got older, and he refused to give this order to death.When he was urgently sent to replace Matsui Iwane who was taken away by the military police, the only positive thing he did was to speed up the retreat of the wounded.

During this period, China entered the Spring Festival.The opponents who have been fighting fiercely for four consecutive months also need time to rest. Taking advantage of the opportunity of the big victory, the Red Army directly won the northern and central Zhejiang provinces in this wave of victories. Occupied by the Gui army, they were almost completely embraced by the Red Army.

This is another big pot of undigested raw rice.Li Runshi in the north was even more troubled. While they liberated central and northern Zhejiang, they also took over the burden dropped by the Japanese army.During the four months of controlling Zhejiang, the Japanese army frantically confiscated everything that looked valuable there.After the autumn harvest, all the food that could be snatched was taken away.Zhejiang, which is originally a land of fish and rice, unexpectedly began to suffer from food shortages before the Spring Festival.The local people's power has been exhausted.

Coupled with the victory of the Battle of Nanjing, the relationship between the CCP and the Chen Jitangji and Li Zongren regimes in the south also became more subtle and even weird during this period.

Nanjing was the capital of the national government.

Chen Jitang fled without a fight, but the Red Army defended and won the battle. Naturally, he would eat it and not spit it out.

Throughout Zhejiang Province, a large number of cities were also liberated by the Red Army.In the later period of the battle, the Cantonese Army and the Guangxi Army joined the Hunan Army to advance eastward, and fought the Japanese army lightly and lightly, which can be regarded as a little contribution.During the entire campaign, Chen Jitang's air force performed the best, from the beginning to the end, and even played an ace that shot down eight Japanese planes (this is a historical fact)

Facing the more than [-] Red Army occupying Zhejiang, the troops of Guangdong, Guangxi, and Hunan are naturally like the princes after the Battle of Julu facing Xiang Yu, the overlord of Chu. .But until they were leveled and honest, Li Runshi didn't dare to attack Shanghai immediately before his troops finished repairing easily.

So from the end of January to the end of February, the entire battlefield in southern China basically calmed down—in the area bordering the Japanese army in the north, all kinds of bad wars and harassment, cold guns and cold wars continued as usual, but the war temporarily stopped. .

During this month, whether it was the secret negotiations between the forces of the North and the South, or the secret negotiations between Japan and the forces of North and South China, and even the "foreign friends" who had been pretending to be spectators in the early stage, they all took advantage of this short South China armistice period, Began to debut, various performances.

The specific situation can be summed up by applying a sentence from later generations: what cannot be obtained on the battlefield, some forces want to obtain it through the negotiating table.

This is the case south of the Yangtze River.

In the area north of the Yangtze River, Tada Jun learned that the Japanese army was defeated in the Battle of Nanjing, and Kenji Doihara's six divisions were wiped out in Nanjing City. His troops also began to shrink and retreat at this time.

As the "third battlefield" of the Japanese army in China, domestically produced weapons and ammunition were given priority to the Northeast and Songhu.The biggest supplement in the four months was the sending of two divisions, a total of more than 4 people, "rifle divisions" who didn't even have guns.Fortunately, Tada Jun sucked a mouthful of blood from Han Fuqu's body when he beat Han Fuqu in the early stage, and used the confiscated firearms to barely make up for this group of riflemen with incomplete firearms.

He nominally has seven divisions and about 16 troops. In the past four months, he has to deal with the Northeast Army of 25, the Northwest Army of 20 (the two have also expanded), and the Red Army of [-].

In terms of military strength, Tada Hayao did not have the upper hand.Fortunately, the attention of the Red Army has been attracted to fight "political warfare" in Nanjing in the past four months. Tada Jun's troops with insufficient ammunition and weapons can still maintain a slight advantage in the Shandong and northern Jiangsu battlefields by relying on their superior quality.However, as the Red Army entered Shandong in large numbers and opened up base areas behind enemy lines, the situation quickly became an enlarged version of Eastern Jidong.

After entering January 1938, the "balance of power" of Hayao Tada's troops in Shandong became more and more difficult to maintain.After the Battle of Nanjing, Jin Tianjun also keenly realized that he had "spread too much on the shelves" in Shandong and northern Jiangsu, and he would become No. [-] in Doihara if he didn't shrink.Before the Spring Festival, another bad news received by the Japanese army was that the Soviets had built the railway to the border of Inner Mongolia.As for the section from the Inner Mongolia border to Baotou, the remaining distance is less than [-] kilometers, and the Communist Party has already laid the roadbed, and now the rest there is the final railway track laying project.

By mid-February at most, the railway from Baotou to Siberia will be fully connected.Tada's scalp tingles when he thinks that massive amounts of arms will flow to the CCP at a higher speed and efficiency, sharpening the minions of this rapidly growing tiger.

In the telegram sent to the base camp, Tada Hayao said bluntly: at most until the end of March next year, when the CCP’s troops in Shandong fully receive the munitions aided by the Soviet Union, the Shandong war situation will completely collapse-in an easier to understand way, it would be, "If you continue to If you pretend to be smart like this, you will only bow and refuse to make a decision, and our Shandong dispatched army will definitely be wiped out in April!"

While the situation in Jiangnan and Shandong collapsed, the situation in Northeast China was also extremely bad.

When the Red Army counterattacked at the end of the year, Rokossovsky, who succeeded Zhukov, commanded the Soviet Red Army to launch a winter offensive at the same time.

In the past six months, according to Stalin's instructions, Rokossovsky assisted as Zhukov's deputy for the purpose of "seamless integration".As soon as Zhukov left, Rokossovsky took advantage of the situation and launched a winter offensive.

As far as the temperature is concerned, the winter temperature in Northeast China, especially Heilongjiang, is colder than that in Moscow.After one month, the whole of Heilongjiang was frozen.All the Sino-Soviet borders instantly became nodes that the Soviet Red Army could break through at will.

In this winter offensive of the Soviet Union, Rokossovsky attacked from the west. The Soviet army’s strength was one-third less than that of Zhukov’s period, but it had a full 12 more. The victory of the Soviet Union greatly increased the confidence of the Soviets in the combat power of the "brothers of the Communist Party of China" around them.In the past year, the soldiers of the Anti-Japanese War were also trained and watched by Soviet instructors, and Rokossovsky knew how powerful they were.

Moreover, when this wave of attacks was launched, along the Heilongjiang River in the north, two other famous Soviet generals, Lu Jin and Vasilevsky, also led another main force of the Red Army. The tanks ran over the river and entered Heilongjiang Province.

The Soviet army cooperated with the Nanjing Red Army to attack at the same time on December 25. When the offensive stopped at the end of January, the entire Heilongjiang Province had basically fallen into the hands of the Soviet army, and Harbin was also liberated.The reason why the offensive was not continued was entirely because of the harsh weather conditions in the Northeast, which prevented the Soviet Red Army from continuing to expand its victories.

At this point in the war, the total defeat of the Japanese in China has entered the countdown.

At the beginning of January, when the Battle of Nanjing was still ending, the British, who were always "missing" at critical moments, first stood up and wanted to mediate for China, Japan and the Soviet Union, and then Roosevelt followed closely, calling for "world peace."

Both Li Runshi and Stalin knew exactly what these two sons of bitch countries wanted to do.Fortunately, what should be done, both of them finished in January.During the rest period in February, in addition to continuing to step up military training, hoarding munitions and supplies, and digesting the newly acquired land, China and the Soviet Union were aware of the "peace proposal" proposed by Britain and the United States. With a smile on his face, he pretended to respond to the peace appeals of Britain and the United States, saying that he could talk to the Japanese.

But in fact, Li Runshi and Stalin's secret phone call in private, the specific real views of the two negotiators can actually be summed up in a few words.

"Talk about your mother!"

In this era when robbers have to pretend to be gentlemen, the leaders of the two families certainly couldn't answer so vulgarly.In response, they immediately put forward preconditions for peace that the Japanese could not accept: get Japan out of the Northeast, return Taiwan, punish war criminals, try the emperor, and pay huge sums of money.

Naturally, it was impossible for the Japanese to agree to these conditions, so throughout January, the Chinese and the Soviet Union continued to beat the Japanese army until they could no longer fight. Then they reluctantly agreed to "talk" with the Japanese while panting and wiping their sweat.

The reason why China and the Soviet Union are willing to stop and talk nonsense with these hooligans at this point is that the leaders of both sides know the history and know that a major event with far-reaching impact than the war between China, Japan and the Soviet Union is about to happen happened.