Rebirth: It’s Like Flowing Water

Xu Xiaoqian recently went to the United States, and there are a lot of things she needs to deal with in Meisi.

When Xiaoer was preparing for her new album, except for the song selection, she pestered Qi Lei for several days and asked her brother Shito to write five, six, seven or eight new songs, and she disappeared.

And Li Hanhan, I don't have time to record the show today.

And Qi Lei happened to have no class. He was the only one left in the empty classroom of the young eagle class, and there was no iced tea in front of the window.

It made Qi Lei suddenly feel a little helpless.

Fortunately, the boring time only lasted until noon. The teacher who taught the history of Western journalism came to find Qi Lei. In the afternoon, if there was something to do, tell him, the counselor, and let the eighth class of young eagles study on their own.

Later, I felt embarrassed again, and simply said, "It's okay to change the class. In the afternoon, you will study communication, and tomorrow I will make up a lesson on the history of Western journalism during your class."

If you change to another department for self-study, you will study on your own.

Qi Lei was worried that he had nowhere to pass the time, so he readily responded, "Whatever you want."

In the afternoon, I went to the Eighth Phase of Young Eagles, but Qi Lei didn't go to class according to the teaching plan. "Today, there is no communication class or self-study. Let's chat!"

I saw Qi Lei moved a chair and sat in the middle of the crowd.

As for Teacher Xiao Qi's style, everyone is already familiar with it. When he talks about chatting, it is really just chatting. You can chat about anything.

A few days ago, there was a girl who asked Teacher Xiao Qi to solve her relationship problem!

In short, this is a big babysitter.

The atmosphere was very harmonious, Qi Lei was so idle that he was willing to brag with everyone, and occasionally he would tell the story of him fooling foreign devils abroad.

However, before you knew it, everyone started talking about a relatively heavy topic, which was the knowledge gap that Qi Lei talked about in the first lesson.

Until now, some students still do not understand and are very confused.

For example, 2 to the Nth power, choose the right one, and tolerate the wrong one, but how can the actual situation be as simple as that?

Some classmates asked: "How can I maintain a tolerant attitude? Or, to give myself a reason to accept the wrong answer?"

"In many cases in life, it seems that this kind of tolerance for wrong answers is not applicable."

"For example, the conflict of values. Many people have seen or heard of "The Three-Body Problem", and they are convinced of the dark forest law in it, and even use it as a guideline for doing things."

"In fact, there are also people who regard natural selection and survival of the fittest as their life beliefs and principles of action. Another example is the self-interest that can be seen everywhere, and some people are really selfish. "

"Then correspondingly, there must be people who are extremely opposed and disgusted."

"Appropriately to allow the wrong options mentioned in [Knowledge Gap], should we tolerate and recognize selfishness? Wouldn't the values ​​collapse?"

"For another example, if a person who believes in God tolerates a pagan, is there still faith?"

The girl thought about it, and there happened to be a book on World War II she was reading on the table.

Then he said, "Yes, let the Chinese tolerate a war criminal who invaded China? I can't agree with such a wrong answer anyway."

I saw Qi Lei nodded and said with a smile, "In this world, there is no reason that can explain all problems. Otherwise, philosophy would not be so difficult to learn, and communication would not be an esoteric subject. "

"However, in fact, there is no need to be confused. You can try to find the essence, that is, the underlying logic."

Suddenly stood up, went to the back of the podium and took out two books.

He smiled at the girl and said, "Speaking of the question you raised, I really saw an interesting topic recently."

Picking up one of the books and shaking it in front of everyone, it was "Being a Sober Modern Man" written by Liu Qing, a distinguished professor of Huayue Normal University.

"Professor Liu quotes a very interesting question in the book - is patriotism really a virtue?"

When everyone heard this, they looked at each other, their first reaction was: Is this still a discussion? of course!

Qi Lei said, "Indeed, for many people, this is a matter of course. But for people who are not patriotic, or have a rational mind, it is really a problem."

Opening the book, "Let's see what's going on first."

In the book, Liu Qing cited a case from one of his students.

The original text is as follows:

A student many years ago went to teach in a middle school after graduating, and finally served as the head teacher of the first grade, and organized students to hold speech contests with great interest.

The literary and art committee members in the class were the most vocal about winning the championship. With the title of "patriotism", she praised the motherland's long history, great rivers and mountains, outstanding people and great achievements of the past dynasties, and finally expressed her emotion: patriotism is our uncontrollable passion and a noble virtue. , We should cultivate the sentiment of patriotism since childhood and dedicate our youth to the motherland.

……

But the story happened. A classmate in the class who was nicknamed "Little Philosopher" expressed his dissent. He said, "This speech is quite confusing."

The little philosopher raised three questions:

First, "can't help" is instinct, and most instincts are not virtues.

When you are hungry, you can't help eating, and when you meet a beautiful girl, you can't help but take a few more glances. Is this a virtue?

Second, since patriotism is an instinct that one cannot help but let go of, why should it be cultivated from an early age? What the **** is going on here?

Third, is patriotism because of the great history and achievements of the motherland? So, assuming you were unfortunate enough to be born in a less-great country, would you still be patriotic? Will it love other, greater countries more? Should the citizens of many small countries around China love China more?

Qi Lei read according to the book. After reading this, the classmates in the classroom looked at each other.

You think what this little philosopher said is unreasonable? Neither.

However, everyone unanimously agreed, "What kind of little philosopher is this, this is a little gangster!"

Some classmates also said, "Every sentence is reasonable, and every sentence is wrong! This is a traitor, looking for reasons for not being patriotic!"

Qi Lei smiled, "Don't worry, I thought so when I saw this. But let's look down."

Having said that, Qi Lei continued to hold the book and read:

"These three questions suddenly plunged the scene into chaos. The delicate literary and art committee members were deeply affected and almost cried because of their grievances. A boy came out to complain and asked the little philosopher, what do you mean? Shouldn't we advocate Patriotism? Do you love your country!?"

Qi Lei raised his head, "Look, someone has already asked questions for us in the book, but the method is not advisable. It's a typical way of snapping a hat."

Everyone laughed and the focus was on how the little gangster answered.

Qi Lei continued, "The little philosopher replied, I have thought about this for a long time. I love my country because I prefer myself. This is a selfish instinct, not a virtue. Of course I love my country, because I Selfishness. Patriotism doesn't have to be so mysterious, and it doesn't have to be so pretentious!"

"..."

"..."

"..."

A group of people are all stunned, why do they feel that their university is in vain, and they are not as good as a gangster?

The girl before was so anxious, she gritted her teeth, "He, he, he, he... How can he be so reasonable!"

It seems that what the little philosopher said is impeccable.

However, the deep-rooted inherent thinking makes everyone understand that patriotism is of course a virtue! What is there to say about this? Just don't know how to respond.

Qi Qi looked at Qi Lei, "Professor Xiao Qi, what should I do?"

Qi Lei laughed, "Don't ask me what to do, let's see how Professor Liu Qing answered."

He lowered his head and glanced at the book: "This problem also stumped Professor Liu's students, so he threw the problem to the teacher."

Then she closed the book, "It's too long, so I won't read it."

"To sum up, Professor Liu Qing answered that patriotism is a virtue from two aspects."

"First, he used the method of proof by contradiction to prove that selfishness and patriotism are two different things."

"The so-called selfishness is self-centered egoism, advocating the principle of individual interests first."

"Patriotism, on the other hand, is the yearning for the interests of the group and the 'preference' for the group to which one belongs. The elements of altruism cannot be summed up in egoism."

"If patriotism and love for this group are not virtues, then, for the same reason, isn't loving family a virtue? Loving the nation and human beings are also the preferences of the group you belong to, aren't they virtues?"

"What about loving the earth (including the natural environment and all animals and plants)? Isn't it a virtue?"

"Then what is virtue?"

"Secondly, Professor Liu Qing put forward a more esoteric argument, that is: Loyalty of Love and Criticism."

Qi Lei bared his teeth, "It's quite complicated, but after refining it, some of the sentences are very characteristic. He said: Patriotism is not a natural instinct, but an emotion that needs to be cultivated through education."

"Education is a discourse-dependent activity, and it cannot exclude the inherent requirements of discourse: reason and judgment."

Everyone, "..."

The classroom was suddenly quiet, and everyone was thinking.

Some people understood Liu Qing's explanation, while others were vague.

Qi Lei is a teacher, and he can understand Professor Liu's thinking. However, the students below have limited experience and insufficient knowledge, so it is really difficult to understand.

And Qi Lei, "Don't you know? It's too complicated to be used as a practical skill, that is, there is no way to manifest the Holy Spirit in front of people."

Spreading his hands, "How can I refute those trolls in the forum with this long list?"

Haha, the whole class laughed.

Qi Lei continued, "I was confused at first, although I understood what Professor Liu Qing meant, but if I want to distill it into an easy-to-understand class explanation that can be explained clearly in three or two sentences, I think about it. For a long time, there was no answer."

Everyone rolled their eyes, you didn't have an answer, so what the hell? We don't understand even more.

But Qi Lei, "Oh, what a coincidence!"

He suddenly held up another book, "I am a person, I am lucky! When I was anxious about this matter, this book gave me the answer.

Everyone was excited and looked at the book.

Well, it was written by another person surnamed Liu, Liu Run's "Lower Level Logic".

I saw Qi Lei open the book to the page of the catalogue, "Mr. Liu Run is a scholar and businessman who pays attention to methodology."

"Although I don't like methodology very much, it doesn't prevent me from reading his point of view and drawing nutrients from it."

"Don't say it, I really got some inspiration."

"One sentence in the book, a dozen or so words, explains Professor Liu Qing's question - is patriotism really a virtue?"

Everyone's eyes lit up, "One sentence? A dozen words? Is it true or false?"

But it was Qi Lei who turned around and picked up the chalk, and wrote on the blackboard: "There are three laws in the world: natural laws, ethnic laws, and universal laws."

Next, Qi Lei explained the three principles to everyone.

……

"The law of nature is the law of nature. Life, old age, sickness and death, the weak eat the strong, cloudy and rainy, day and night."

"If a lion attacks you and wants to eat your flesh. What do you do? Either take up arms and fight to the death, or turn around and run."

"You can't reason with a lion, it doesn't understand it, it doesn't make sense."

"In this case, the only rule is the law of the weak."

"This is the law of nature."

"So, the theory of evolution, natural selection, and the dark forest, these are the laws of nature."

"Teacher Liu Run believes in the book that under the laws of nature, who is stronger and who is wiser."

"But here comes the question, what if you can't beat a lion and run away by yourself? Can you only accept your fate and be eaten by a lion?"

"In other words, everyone lives by the laws of nature, and they only believe in the creed of the law of the jungle. Not only is it meaningless to reason with the lion, but it is also meaningless with the same kind. Because everyone will not trust each other, it is difficult to cooperate."

"So, the law of ethnic groups was born."

"A person's strength is small, and it is difficult to survive in the face of cruel nature. Then gather more people to cooperate with each other and jointly resist the invasion of lions."

"What is an ethnic group? [Clan] is a human race of the same blood, in order to survive and continue; [Group] is a group of people with the same purpose, and the group is to be able to achieve goals.

Because there is a goal larger than the individual goal, everyone gets together and forms a group.

Family, company, religion, country are all ethnic groups.

Because of this goal, which is greater than the individual goal, everyone must transfer part of their right to choose and make decisions to the collective. The new law that emerged at this time was the law of the ethnic group.

For that larger goal, everyone sacrificed the interests of some people and used the strength of the group to protect the weak and weak of the individual. Those rules are the rules of the race.

So, the question now is: I can't beat the lion and the beast alone. In order to survive, everyone gathers together to make a group rule and live together.

This is the origin of the primitive colony.

However, there is also a problem with the law of ethnic groups: what if there is harmony within the ethnic group, but conflicts are also prone to occur between ethnic groups?

Originally, the tribes were only created to fight against lions and beasts, but they killed each other because of other survival problems.

Thus, the universal law came into being.

What is a universal law? It is something that everyone can understand and identify with across individuals and organizations.

Everyone agreed that your ethnic group will occupy that mountain top, and my ethnic group will be on this mountain top. Not only is the lion the common enemy of everyone, but we also coexist peacefully without aggression.

Gradually, the embryonic form of society was born.

Because there are universal laws, I can't convince you, I can't teach you, but you can keep your thoughts, and I can keep mine. Because there must be something we all agree with.

These universal values ​​transcend ethnic conflict and lead to a wider range of trust. "

Speaking of which, Qi Lei suddenly asked, "What is the law of nature for lions?"

Everyone was stunned for a moment, and someone tentatively answered, "Is it the way to survive?"

Qi Lei, "Huh? You're right."

That classmate's face turned black immediately, do I understand? What is dumbfounded?

Qi Lei, "It's the Tao! It's the lion's survival principle and ideological system."

"Lions also have a sense of group and a concept of territory, so lions also have group laws and universal laws."

"However, the main thing is the laws of nature. Maybe the proportion of the three laws is represented as a number, the laws of nature account for 99, and the other two laws each account for 0.5."

"What about us humans? For humans, what are the laws of nature?"

The classmate said without thinking, "It's also the way to survive!"

Qi Lei rolled his eyes at him, "Do you still want to be blinded?"

Qi Lei, "It's a technique! It's a tool!"

Everyone, "..."

"As civilization progresses, we have strict cultural systems, moral systems, and legal systems. These are the products of ethnic and universal laws."

"So, the proportion of the three laws to us is different from that of the lion, and the proportion of the latter two will become larger and larger."

"Natural laws can no longer be called 'Tao', they are just tools for us to deal with changes and crises."

"What is a tool? It's a tool! A gentleman hides a tool in his body and waits for it to move from time to time."

Pointing to the classmate just now, "How do you still survive? You go out on the street and shout about this way of survival and try it? Do you think someone is paying attention to you? Everyone is staying away from you. This person is either sick or cold-blooded."

He asked again, "A family raises children, fosters parents, and cooperates with husbands and wives. What is the rule?"

Everyone thought for a while, "The law of ethnic groups!"

Qi Lei, "Yes! What is the law of monogamy?"

Everyone thought about it again, husband and wife belong to the same family, or is it the rule of ethnicity?

Qi Lei, "Wrong! Monogamy is a universal law."

"It violates the natural law of survival of the fittest. According to the natural law, stronger individuals and better genes should have more offspring. But monogamy is not."

Qi Lei added, "What is law? It's a universal law. What about morality? It's also a universal law."

"The difference is that the law replaces individual freedom with group decision coercion. You say, if I want to kill someone, I will kill someone, that's freedom. But if the ethnic group doesn't do it, you can't kill someone, and if you kill someone, you will pay for your life."

"And morality is a group decision that has no mandatory binding force. It must be realized by consciously abiding by it and by the commonality of the group."

"For example, self-discipline, industriousness, and bravery are not legally binding and require self-identification and self-discipline."

"Then look back at patriotism. What is patriotism?"

This time, everyone didn't even think about it, "The law of ethnic groups!"

Qi Lei, "That's right! It is a group rule that sacrifices some personal interests to ensure the interests of the group. However, it has no legal binding force and needs to be realized consciously and collectively."

"So, consciously obeying and sacrificing personal interests are virtues."

After listening to everyone, they suddenly realized, "Yes, the law of ethnic groups, this is virtue!"

But Qi Lei's voice came over again. He didn't want to talk about whether patriotism is a virtue or not.

Suddenly asked, "Let's look back at the little philosopher's argument. He is patriotic because of selfishness."

"What is selfishness?"

Everyone didn't even think about it this time, "The law of nature!"

Qi Lei, "That's right! So many people think that the little philosopher's arguments are irrefutable, and they seem to be correct. Where is the problem?"

"It's because he is using the laws of nature to interpret the laws of races."

Guys, "..."

Qi Lei, "Of course he can use selfishness to explain his patriotic motives. However, as we said earlier, the laws of nature are just tools for us at the moment. And everyone's tools may not be the same."

"That's why what he said makes sense, but it makes many people uncomfortable and disagree. Everyone's tools are different."

When the eagle class heard this, everything was clear. If you understand it this way, it is indeed much simpler and clearer.

And Qi Lei, "Ask everyone, in a company, if you are an ordinary employee, what rules will you apply?"

Everyone didn't even think about it, "The law of ethnic groups!"

Qi Lei, "Wrong!"

"wrong?"

Qi Lei, "A company is a group of interests, and the rules of the group apply. However, if you only practice the rules of the group, you are a big injustice. Patriotism can be interpreted as selfishness, let alone a company with clear interests?"

"The correct way is to obey the laws of the race, but also to be able to use the tools of the laws of nature, and at the same time to package yourself as a believer of universal laws."

Everyone, "..."

Qi Lei asked again, "What is the general rule in the company?"

"It's not just about law and morals."

"The universal law makes you look gregarious, the group rule makes you a good employee, and the natural law makes you not suffer on the basis of being gregarious and excellent."

"For another example, if you are not an employee of the company and you are a self-employed person, do you have to apply the rules from a different angle?"

"What are the rules with your peers? What are the rules with your customers and consumers?"

"For another example, whether in work or in life, we face individuals and have no fixed answer. Faced with your peers, the laws of nature and survival of the fittest may be more useful."

"Faced with a client, you can treat him as fat and use the laws of nature. You can also apply the rules of ethnicity from the perspective of the same kind, ordinary people, then sacrifice a little personal interest in exchange for common interests."

"You can also use general rules and act according to rules."

"As for an individual in work and life, if he uses the laws of nature for you, he is a lion. There is no reason for you to use other laws. You can only fight back with the laws of nature."

"If he uses the rule of race and is willing to sacrifice a little personal interest to fulfill you, then this friend is worth making."

"As for the situation of the universal law, whether it is business or polite, it seems that you can only accompany you back."

"This is Mr. Liu Run's point of view. He believes that we can always encounter "giant babies" or "barbarians" in our lives, precisely because everyone does not communicate under the same rule."

"He can not only explain whether patriotism is a virtue or not, but also simplify the various problems we encounter in our lives."

In fact, Qi Lei, a guy who doesn't like methodology very much, is teaching everyone a method, a method to see the essence of the problem.

There is no need to discuss whether patriotism is a virtue or not, but without discussion, it is impossible to delve into the underlying logic.

Only by understanding the underlying logic can you simplify the process of dealing with problems, and you will be less tired and more transparent.

……

.

Ps: There are two books mentioned in the article, "Being a Sober Modern Man", which is not recommended by the old man, and requires a certain threshold to read.

For readers with a certain dialectical ability, it is a good book.

The second book "Lower Logic", you can read it if you are interested. And everyone can understand, more or less there will be some benefits.

However, it is worth noting that this book is more inclined to business thinking, so don't go astray.

In the same way, "Being A Sober Modern Man" also has preferences, which are more inclined to the interpretation of national character and to cut into the problem from a political point of view.

Many people ask the old man to recommend books on history, which is really hard to say.

I've always felt that you have to be interested in this stuff, otherwise it's useless to recommend anything. However, I have never seen a good book that can cultivate interest.

After thinking about it for a long time, let's talk separately!

1. If you are only interested in history and want to have a shallow understanding of historical knowledge allusions, then let's talk about Chinese history! enough. (The emperor chat group is more interesting and easy to read)

Want to go a little deeper, it is Wu Han's "Chinese History Common Sense" (important historical events, characters, knowledge, allusions, suitable for fragmented time reading.)

2. After reading the above two books, you are still interested. If you want to systematically understand the historical process and the changes of dynasties, you can read Huang Renyu's "Great History of China" first.

(A little boring, but very systematic, good book.)

(It can be accompanied by a "Historical Chronology", or a Chinese and foreign historical chronology. There are many versions, all are fine. The old one is Chen Huiying's "Chinese and Foreign History Comparison Chronology")

Third, if you want to understand not only history, but also the underlying logic of Chinese culture and oriental philosophy, then Feng Youlan's "History of Chinese Philosophy".

(There is a threshold, it is boring, but after reading it, you can benefit a lot. You can collect it and put it on the fork.)

4. If "China's Great History" and "Chinese Philosophy History" failed to persuade you to quit, then it may be true love, but the old man still does not recommend you to read the tome "Twenty-Four Histories" or "Zizhi Tongjian" ".

It's no problem to buy it back with a fork and eat ashes, if you have the conditions, it's fine in other cases.

Anyway, as far as Lao Cang himself is concerned, "Twenty-Four Histories" can only be used as a reference book, and I didn't have the courage to read it.

Another use is that when you are on the line with the gangster, you can take out the official history to find which book, which page, which sentence, and slap the other person's face directly. It's so fun!

Well, the old man has done such a thing.

As for "Zizhitongjian", because it is a chronicle, the historical facts of the events and characters are not coherent, and it is difficult to even be a reference book.

Anyway, it's been many years since I bought it. I seem to have only read a dozen pages. I really didn't have the courage to read it all.

Who has the perseverance to tell the old man, I will say goodbye to you.

It's not as real as "Yi Zhongtian Chinese History". It is a thin 24 volumes, and there is hope to read it. (It's been a year since I bought it, and I haven't turned it over yet)

There is another reason for recommending this set, and that is: for the first time reading history, the old man felt that he needed a guide, that is, someone who provided opinions. Even if you overthrow it in the end, it can make you see it a little more clearly.

Fifth, if you can even read the whole history...it's not easy. Then the ultimate recommendation - "Faculty Comments on Twenty-Four Histories". After this set, your historical view and historical knowledge reserves have surpassed at least 99% of the people.

6. If Chinese history can't satisfy you, then... a comparison of Chinese and foreign history chronology is enough. Look again at Oceans and Civilizations, Guns, Steel and Germs.

7. If you say it's not for yourself, show it to your children. Lao Cang's personal point of view, I don't need to recommend anything. He is not that interested at his age. It is better to play "One Hundred Thousand Whys" than to watch anything.

This is the enlightenment book of the old man. I always think that I am curious about all kinds of knowledge, and I like to ask why. This is the root cause.

The above is the old man's personal recommendation.

The old man still said the same words, "It turns out to be like this" and "It turns out to be like this"...

I'm just cheeky to offer you a possibility, not an absolute~www.readwn.com~ I hope everyone can look at the problem with an inclusive mentality.

Well, starting from the 1st, the old man is going to enter the vacation mode, and the frequency of the extras will not be too high.

Bye bye!

……

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