Struggle in Soviet Russia

Whether it is the National Security People’s Committee, the procuratorial system, or the court system, as well as the NKVD and the Central Supervisory Committee, they are all internal institutions of the alliance. In a sense, the existence of these institutions is to ensure The security and stability of the alliance, and the maintenance of the social order of the alliance.

There can be no antagonistic relationship between the departments of the alliance. At best, it is a restrictive relationship in terms of authority. It is impossible to have an antagonistic or even hostile relationship between you and me. Hostility is fundamentally a kind of emotion. Emotions are exclusive to people, and there is no emotion in a department.

Within a normal institutional system, these departments should be in a cooperative relationship, just like the "legal system" theory put forward by Safonov and the others, whether it is the NKVD or the NKVD, there is nothing. The power to participate in the judicial system, their investigative powers, and their arrest powers should all be restricted, and the departments that give them restrictions are the procuratorial system and the court system.

The procuratorial system and the court system are in charge of judicial power. They have the power to determine whether a person’s crime is established and what kind of punishment is imposed on him, but they do not have the power to carry out investigations and arrests.

Therefore, from a procedural point of view, this is a kind of decentralization and a restrictive mechanism. It can ensure that the judicial system is not interfered by, or at least, is less interfered with by the factors considered, thereby guaranteeing the justice of the alliance judicial system to the greatest extent.

Only when this kind of judicial system is established and sound can people feel safe, and society can have long-term stability, and there will be no political disasters caused by man-made actions, just like the chaos that occurred in the years of war.

Fundamentally speaking, although the civil war ended in the early 1920s, the alliance has not been stable in the ten years before the outbreak of the war against Germany, especially politically, it has been in a turbulent environment. The intense collision of various ideas led to a series of fierce political struggles.

According to popular sayings in Victor's previous life, the Great Purge was a campaign of political persecution launched by Comrade Stalin in order to eradicate dissidents and eliminate the opposition. Victor also believed in this once before.

But after being reborn, especially after becoming the actual controller of the National Security People’s Committee, he was able to access almost all the archives of the alliance, and therefore, he also had a deeper understanding of the true historical facts.

Judging from the current archives of the Union, the struggle between the Bolshevik party and the opposition has existed since Lenin's time. At the Seventh Congress of the Russian Communist Party in 1918, the Russian Communist Party, which had just taken power, almost fell apart. It was at this conference that Comrade Lenin’s political report on war and peace was met by Trotz. The fierce opposition of the fundamentalists, the final vote was 30 votes in favor, 12 votes against, and 4 abstentions. According to the principle of two-thirds approval, Comrade Lenin's report can only be considered to be passed barely.

In subsequent congresses, this kind of struggle with the opposition has never stopped, including those with Osinsky, Smirnov, Likov, Tomsky, etc., including the struggle with Zinoviya. The struggles among the "new opposition" such as Russia and Kamenev all occurred during the lifetime of Comrade Lenin.

This struggle lasted until 1927. Before the 15th National Congress of the Communist Party of the Communist Party of China (Bolsheviks), the Bolshevik Party held a referendum before convening the National Congress. As a result, there were more than 725,000 votes for the members of the whole alliance who supported Comrade Stalin and participated in the voting, but only more than 6,000 votes for Trotsky.

Therefore, the 15th National Congress of the Communist Party of China was actually when Comrade Stalin established his personal authority in the Bolshevik Party, because it was at this Congress that Trotsky, Zinoviev, Kamenev Ninety-eight people, including Pidakov, Smirnov and others, almost included all the opposition from the Bolshevik Party’s power to the time, and they were all expelled from the Bolshevik Party organization.

However, it is a well-known fact that most of the people who were expelled from the party at the 15th National Congress, including Zinoviev, Kamenev, Bukharin, have not only remained in high positions in the following years, but also He was successively re-accepted to join the party and became a member of the Bolshevik Party. Just imagine, if Comrade Stalin was really purely trying to exclude dissidents and eliminate the opposition, why did he give these people a chance to come back?

Want to catch it?

Please believe in the fact that in political struggles, no one will use the tactics of wanting to get caught, because this is a place that only pays attention to nights and dreams.

In later generations, there were many people who poured dirty water on Comrade Stalin. Among them, Comrade Khrushchev was the most eye-catching performer, but even this grumpy "Shei" was in his memoirs. It reads: "This person may cause a lot of harm when he is angry, but when you prove that you are indeed correct and provide him with reasonable facts, he will understand that this person is adhering to a useful cause and giving Support...Yes, when you firmly oppose his opinion, if he believes that you are correct, he will abandon the original point of view and accept the other person’s point of view."

The development of world history tells us that when any political change occurs, there will be forces of opposition. This has nothing to do with the content of the change or who initiated the change, but only with whether the change must be resolutely implemented.

Are Americans clean? Look at Lincoln. Did fewer Americans die during the Civil War?

Therefore, if you want to see the issue of the Great Purge correctly, you don’t need to think about how many people died, and you don’t need to think about whether the person in charge of the alliance was Comrade Stalin or someone else. What people really need to see is In the alliance at that time, was there a huge threat that was deep-rooted and threatened the Bolshevik Party’s rule?

According to the information that Victor saw from the materials originally managed by the NKVD, this threat obviously exists. It includes the bourgeois forces that have not been completely eliminated since the victory of the October Revolution; Comrade Lenin executed the new The stubborn rich peasants who emerged during the economic policy period; in the early 1930s, a large number of Western citizens flooded into the Soviet Union due to the Western economic crisis, as well as spies and saboteurs who accompanied them into the Soviet Union.

Of course, the most serious one is the large number of bureaucrats who have quickly sprung up from the alliance land less than two decades after the alliance was founded.

All of this is harmful to the interests of the alliance and is a malignant tumor that may overturn the entire country at any time. However, the Central Supervisory Committee formed at the 15th National Congress of the Communist Party of China was composed of 195 members of the Central Committee and composed of 9 members of the Central Committee. The Central Procuratorial Committee failed to perform its duties. On the contrary, many of these Central Committee members were eroded, and they betrayed their beliefs.

So at the time of the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, in early 1934, the Central Committee reorganized the Central Supervisory Committee and the Central Procuratorial Committee. The Soviet Supervisory Committee and the Bolshevik Party Supervisory Committee were newly established. No effect.

All this explained to the Bolshevik Party Central Committee at that time that there was no way to eliminate the crisis simply by relying on the method of inner-party struggle. Therefore, at this time, the role of the People's Committee of the Interior has risen.

In fact, considering from a very realistic perspective, one can also understand the fact that if the Great Purge is really just a movement used by Comrade Stalin to eradicate dissidents and eradicate opposition, then since he can set off such a large scale within the entire alliance. Bolan, killed so many people, but can still sit in his seat safely for more than 20 years, how high is his authority in the alliance? Since there is such a high level of authority, why do you want to do this, and give yourself a stinking consequence for thousands of years?

The topic is coming back here, regardless of what caused the Great Purge in the past, or what its true background is, at least one thing is correct, that is, Comrade Vyshinsky engaged in it. Coming out, the alliance law system based on pure violence has serious problems. He over-elevates the status of the law enforcement department, but devalues ​​the status of the judicial department.

The law enforcement agencies are violent organizations, and they unilaterally raise their status without adding a bridle to their power. The subsequent results are too serious.

In addition, don’t think that there is no political struggle in the judicial system. After all, struggle is everywhere. Vyshinsky occupies a very special position in the socialist judicial system of the Union. His words were dismissive, of course, some people were full of plans to replace them.

Victor is not very clear about what people like Safonov and Goryakov intend to do, but he knows that what they do is not only to limit the power of the People’s Committee of the Interior, but also to challenge. Vyshinsky’s authority in the judiciary.

Since they hold high the banner of the socialist legal system, it should naturally be clear what position they should hold on the issue of Fabischenko.

What is the legal system? Since Fabischenko has committed a crime, he should pay the price for his crimes. If it is because of his merits in the war that he has ignored the crimes he committed before the war broke out, it is not a manifestation of the rule of law. It is the rule of man through and through.

Therefore, in order for Victor to be clear about his position, Safonov and the others must also be clear about their position. This is the crux of the problem.