Super Chief

What penicillin is, I am afraid that no one knows better in this world except Shi Xiong.

Well, in addition to Stone Bear, people like Joe La Cruz and Jean Agusta also know some, but even Agusta, who cultivates penicillin and purifies penicillin, does not really know the great effect of penicillin. .

　　 In later life, even children in junior high school will know what penicillin is used for. To put it bluntly, this thing is a very effective anti-inflammatory drug. In the terms of later generations, this is an antibiotic.

However, penicillin is prone to allergies-about a quarter of people who use penicillin will have an allergic reaction, and penicillin is not a broad-spectrum antibiotic, so at the time when the stone bears crossed, penicillin was rarely used in clinical practice. .

　　 But in this era, penicillin is an out-and-out magic drug!

　　 Food, transportation, canal, military, education, etc. are currently being promoted by Shixiong in the tribe. Of course, apart from these important tasks, Shixiong's medical work has not fallen behind at all.

Birth, old age, sickness and death, this is something that everyone will experience. Birth, old age, and death cannot be controlled by a stone bear. There is no one in this world who can control a person’s birth, old age or death. However, if there is enough medical treatment for sickness, With methods and drugs, it can really be controlled well.

　　In this age, why is the average life span of people so short? Quite simply, it is caused by the low level of medical care.

　　 People in this era are also ill, but the same disease, such as a cold, may be cured by taking a few antibiotics in later lives. But in this era, in this era without any antibiotics, a cold can kill people.

　　 For example, the Spanish flu that occurred in 2015, there were no antibiotics at that time, so after a flu, 500 million people in the world were infected with this flu virus, accounting for 29% of the global population at that time.

　　 And how many people died in that flu? Nearly 40 million people worldwide!

　　 Because there were no antibiotics at the time, a flu caused so many deaths.

　　 There is also the white plague of tuberculosis. In the era without antibiotics, once infected with this white plague, almost no one would survive.

　　 In those days, tuberculosis was even more discolored than the current diseases such as cancer and AIDS.

　　 In addition, the reason why so many people died during World War I was actually related to the lack of antibiotics.

　　 Approximately 10 million people died during World War I, but among these million people, at least more than half were not killed on the spot. According to statistics, there were about 9 million wounded during the First World War. As a result, because there were no antibiotics, about 6 million of them died alive from the infection. Only 3 million wounded survived...

　　 It can be seen how much antibiotics have contributed to the improvement of human life expectancy.

　　In this era, the average life expectancy of North American Indians is less than 30 years old. One of the major reasons is disease. The other is that in the war, many wounded died because of unavoidable infection.

　　 Let alone the New World in North America, the same is true in Europe, and the same is true in the world-the average life span of humans in this era is only a pitiful 31 years!

　　 Diseases and wound infections are the greatest enemy of mankind in this era!

　　In the original historical time and space, after penicillin was refined as the world's first antibiotic, the two experts who refined penicillin even won the Nobel Prize in Medicine for penicillin.

And it is precisely because penicillin was discovered to be purified that later various other antibiotics came into being-for example, streptomycin, which eventually ended tuberculosis, as well as erythromycin, spiramycin, cephalosporin, pioneer and so on... …

　　 It is with these antibiotics that the average life expectancy of human beings has been greatly improved!

　　 Before penicillin was purified, the average life expectancy of the population in developed European countries was less than 40 years. But in the 21st century, the average life expectancy of the population in these developed countries has exceeded 71 years!

　　 It can be seen how great the effect of antibiotics is.

　　 Others don’t know what antibiotics do, but Shixiong knows! He also knows what role penicillin occupies in antibiotics.

　　 It is no exaggeration to say that if antibiotics are the key to improving the average life span of human beings, then penicillin is the originator of antibiotics!

　　 This is also the reason why Shi Xiong called out Agusta by himself and equipped him with the best personnel and equipment that the Yanhuang tribe can currently equip, allowing him to develop penicillin.

　　 Penicillin is not difficult to discover. Even in this age, individuals have probably seen penicillin or a variant of penicillin.

　　 Food stored at home for too long, or food that has not been found under the table for many days, usually grows hairs and molds, and there is penicillin in that stuff.

　　 Penicillin can be found everywhere, but how to cultivate and purify it is not something ordinary people can do.

In the original historical time and space, the British bacteria expert Alexander Fleming made the greatest discovery in the history of human medicine due to an unintentional mistake, and his mistake was also called "medicine" by later generations. The greatest mistake in history".

　　 At that time, Alexander Fleming was not studying penicillin, he was studying Staphylococcus.

As a result, he went out on vacation after a certain staphylococcal culturing job was over. When he came back ~www.readwn.com~ he suddenly discovered that the petri dish he had cultivated staphylococci had forgotten to wash, and a lot of it had grown in it. Blue-gray mold.

　　The original staphylococcus culture dish grew out of the gray mold because it forgot to wash it. This is a kind of mold contamination. Although the situation is not serious, it is actually a work error for medical experiments.

But Fleming discovered that around this blue gray mold, the staphylococci that should have grown likewise disappeared, and a sterile circle was formed in the petri dish. This phenomenon is called in later generations. "Bacteriostatic Zone".

　　 Fleming immediately realized that this was because the blue-gray mold secreted a substance that kills or prevents the growth of staphylococci. According to the color of the mold, he called this substance penicillin.

　　 Penicillin has since been on the stage of human medical history gorgeously!

　　 Only then Fleming also discovered that the sterilizing substance is not in the mold itself, but in the culture medium. But when he tried to separate this substance from the solution, he found that it was very unstable, decomposing rapidly in alkaline or high temperature environments, and quickly deactivated even at room temperature. Therefore, Fleming never succeeded in isolating penicillin, he could only cultivate Penicillium strains from generation to generation.

　　 Then Fleming wrote a paper on penicillin and published it in order to get help from others.

　　 But unfortunately, his paper did not get the attention of others at the time.

　　 Until 1939...

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