Super Military Scientist

The first thousand five hundred and forty-three chapters are too cold

After hearing what his son said, Zhao Zhongyao said, ‘this problem may be like this. Because this gold meteorite is an alloy body with high hardness and density composed of iron, nickel, copper, gold and other metals. The melting point of this alloy body may also be high. ’

When Zhao Zhongyao said this, he glanced at the sky outside the spacecraft and said, ‘maybe because of the high melting point of this golden meteorite. Therefore, when it flies to the moon, it does not generate enough temperature to burn it after friction with the very thin atmosphere that almost does not exist on the moon. Therefore, the appearance of this golden meteorite is still good. Another point is also very magical. I was thinking that the place where this meteorite hit may be a relatively soft place. Therefore, after the golden meteorite hit this piece, it did not explode, but embedded under the surface.

The reason why this piece of land is so soft may also be because this place is located in the entire Aitken Basin. The entire Aitken Basin was originally a huge impact crater. After the formation of this huge basin, the soil on the entire surface is in a relatively soft state.

Therefore, when the nuclear material of this Drow Venus crashed into the Attene Basin, there was no explosion. It's just embedded in the surface.

To say that this is already a very magical thing. But I feel that the consequences are even more magical. It was after the nuclear material of this Drow Venus hit the huge Aitken Basin at the south pole of the moon. Soon afterwards, another comet’s remains ice material also collided near the south pole of the moon, and hit the nuclear material of this Drow Venus.

As a result, the debris of this comet instantly evaporated into a cloud of ice. After all, after the comet hits the gold meteorite, it also produces very high temperatures. The entire ice mass is vaporized.

It's just that the vaporized ice mist will form a kind of "plasma" ice gas at the very low temperature of the moon's surface. This state can make the ice gas in a very stable state. If there is no external force to disturb, it can always be in this state.

Especially the polar regions are the coldest places on the moon. In such a place, it is easiest to form a ‘plasma’ ice fog phenomenon.

This phenomenon can actually be done at home. For example, we can take a cup of very pure water and put it in the refrigerator to quickly freeze it. When we turn on the refrigerator and take out this glass of water after a while, we will see that this glass of water is not frozen and is still liquid.

This is because when these very pure water encounters low temperatures, the water molecules that are originally active inside are quickly frozen by the low temperature people in the refrigerator. In this way, these water molecules were frozen by the low temperature before they could freeze. In this way, this cup of water can be kept in a liquid state in the refrigerator.

But when we took this cup of water out of the refrigerator, the temperature outside suddenly rose. But these water molecules are still in a state of ‘sleep’. They did not freeze immediately.

If we don't shake this cup, these water molecules will always be in'sleep'. The water in the cup can always be in a liquid state. But when we shake the cup, these water molecules in ‘sleep’ will suddenly wake up. Then it will freeze immediately. After all, when it was first taken out, the water temperature in the cup was still very low.

We are now using this phenomenon to explain the white fog phenomenon we encountered just now, and it couldn't be more appropriate. Zhao Zhongyao looked at Feifei and said.

Feifei heard this truth from her father, and felt it was very reasonable. Because what they encountered just now can only be explained by the phenomenon that such pure water does not freeze in the refrigerator.

It's just that Feifei still doesn't quite understand what is going on with the phenomenon that such pure water can not freeze in the refrigerator. So I looked at my dad and asked, ‘dad, what is going on with this kind of pure water not freezing in the refrigerator, can you tell me more about it? ’

At this time, Zhao Zhongyao looked at Feifei again and said that this phenomenon is called supercooling of pure water. There is a principle to this phenomenon, let me tell you more now! ’

At this time, Zhao Zhongyao looked at Feifei again and said, ‘Chemically, water has a strange phenomenon called supercooling and superheating. Take a cup of pure water and cool it quickly without any vibration. At this time, a strange phenomenon will appear: the temperature of the water has obviously dropped below zero degrees Celsius, but there is no ice. Someone has successfully supercooled the water to minus 72 degrees.

Of course, too cold water is extremely unstable. As long as you throw in an ice crystal, a grain of sand, or even touch the cup lightly, the too cold water will suddenly "wake up" and become one. Chunks of ice. Why does water produce supercooling? Scientific experiments know that liquid water molecules are in a mess, but the water molecules in the ice are arranged in a strict "formation".

When the water is about to form an ice team, it must first have some tiny ice crystals as the "core", so that water molecules can be arranged around these cores continuously, so that the "team" will continue to grow bigger and form ice blocks. In ordinary water, because it contains many extremely tiny suspended objects or the cooling process is slow, tiny ice crystals are easy to produce at this time, so freezing is not difficult.

However, when extremely pure water cools quickly, ice crystal nuclei are not easy to produce. Therefore, although the temperature has been cooled to below zero, the water molecules at this time are still like "rabbit crowds", and they are always discharged due to the lack of "cores". If there is no "formation", there will be a wonderful phenomenon of overcooling. If a small ice crystal is thrown into the super-cold water, it will immediately freeze like an army forming a "formation."

This phenomenon is not a typical overcooling phenomenon. Although the truth is easy to understand. In actual operation, it is still more difficult. Because the water you want to experiment with and the water container must be very pure. Only when very pure water is placed in a very pure container can such an experiment be made. If the water is not pure enough, or the container is not pure enough, then such an experiment will not be easy to complete.

But in the impact crater on the moon, we encountered this kind of supercooling of pure water, which is really amazing. ’

Feifei heard what Dad said, and felt very miraculous about what Dad said. What they have experienced before, can be said to be something rarely encountered.

‘Dad, you are so good. Listening to what you say, I know this kind of overcooling phenomenon very well. It's just that I still don't understand. What happened to the ice material of that comet. Could it be said that these ice materials are the same as the ice materials on our planet! Is the ocean on our planet formed by the ice material of comets hitting the earth in the early days of the earth? Also, is life on our planet related to comets? Feifei, from these special phenomena of ice material, thinks about comets and life on earth.

After hearing what his son said, Zhao Zhongyao thought for a while and said, ‘Okay, mom, you want to understand this knowledge, then I will tell you some stories about comets and life on earth! ’

‘As for the origin of life, the current scientific community does not have a unified conclusion, but it is generally believed that the origin of life on earth comes from outer space, and comets are considered to be the protagonists who bring life to the earth.

The reason why a comet is called a comet is related to the intelligent life on the earth. The comet should be the magical star containing the seeds of intelligent life.

Scientists have discovered through chemical analysis of comet dust brought back by space probes that the particles contain glycine, an organic compound, and we know that this glycine is actually one of the main materials that constitute life proteins. The discovery of organic compounds in comets is a great support for the scientific community’s argument that life on the earth comes from comets.

But this also shows that organic compounds are easy to form, but this does not mean that life has ever survived on comets, but it at least shows that the basic materials of life have been formed on comets. Comets are actually ice clusters containing a lot of ice, and they move in large numbers in the Oort Cloud at the edge of the solar system.

Perhaps it is because they are considered to be a large amount of "sealed" material that was thrown to the edge of the solar system at the beginning of the formation of the solar system, so they all believe that they seem to retain some information about the origin of life and even the origin of the solar system. It is said that comets are celestial ice clusters in the solar system that are not "warmed" by the sun's heat, but in fact, comets such ice clusters are not immutable.

In fact, some comets do not always fly around the sun. Most of them will volatilize after flying thousands of years, leaving only tiny dust particles. Even some giant comets such as Halley's comet, they generally only have a life span of hundreds of thousands of years.

We know that when a comet enters the inner solar system, due to temperature changes, the comet will emit wisdom to form a long tail, that is to say, it will lose several tons of ice or other matter every second. In the end, only a small amount of ice can remain, and eventually the Hui hair and Hui tail cannot be formed.

When the comet finally has no ice to shed, it will be like an asteroid or even split into many small objects due to the loss of the ice sealant and power. Not only because comets themselves are mainly composed of ice blocks, their lifespan is shorter than that of other stars, but some comets break into the solar system due to the gravitational influence of other stars are also a major reason for their extinction and extinction.

In fact, comets fly into the interior of the solar system often in random collisions, and many of the pits on the surface of planets are caused by them. The impact of a comet 4 billion years ago is generally regarded by scientists as a gift for the origin of life brought by the comet to the earth. It is the God who created life, but it can also be said to be a super killer who destroys life.

According to statistics, they are likely to have a major blow to the earth every 40 million years, and a large-scale "mopping up" of life on the earth. According to scientists' estimates, the dinosaur extinction event that occurred in the Tertiary period of the Baidi 65 million years ago, which is the most famous extinction event in the history of the earth, is likely to be caused by a comet hitting the earth.

In fact, the terrible thing about a comet is that it can explode in the air without directly hitting the ground, just like it can explode directly in the air. The temperature and energy produced by its explosion are like a hot cyclone. , And then cause more casualties to creatures on the ground. To say that the **** closest to us may be a comet.

A lot of life on earth may have been brought by it, but many have been taken away by it. We must pay attention to these wisdom stars wandering in space. They are likely to contain the seeds of the origin of life on Earth. Even the seeds of the origin of the solar system. When we study comets, we will definitely gain a lot. It will definitely enable us to finally uncover the mystery of the origin of life on Earth and the origin of the entire solar system. Zhao Zhongyao told Feifei some stories about how life on earth was born.

Feifei was more curious about things like comets after hearing what his father said. He was wondering whether there would be some whole comet material on this moon.

So Feifei said again, ‘Dad, listening to you say that, we can be sure that the fire of life on earth must have been ignited by comet material. ’

At this time, Zhao Zhongyao said again, ‘Of course it is possible. However, this is only a speculation of scientists, and there is no sufficient evidence for whether it is so. In short, the issue of the origin of life on Earth is a very complex issue. It is not so easy to solve. ’

‘Dad, then we’ve seen the lunar south pole now. Should we visit the north pole of the moon? I don't know what the north pole of the moon looks like. Feifei does not want to discuss the topic of comets and life anymore. After all, this is something that even scientists have not yet concluded, and ordinary people have no way of knowing how life on earth originated.

After hearing Feifei’s words, Zhao Zhongyao said, ‘you’re right. The topic of comets and life on earth is a topic that will never be finished. We don't need to talk about this topic now. We still have business to do! ’

‘Dad, should we go to the North Pole of the moon to see below. I don't know what the north pole of the moon looks like. Feifei said, looking at his father again.

‘Okay, let’s go to the north pole of the moon and see. However, I don't know what the north pole of the moon looks like. Just know some superficial knowledge about the north pole of the moon. Zhao Zhongyao said again.