The Treasure Hunt of an Antique Dealer

"The Mongolian Yuan Empire who robbed more than half of the Eurasian Continent, the emperors are a bunch of poor ghosts under the ground?" Charlize Theron instantly looked bewildered! &1t;/

She is not an ordinary Western girl who has read only American middle school history textbooks. Generally Westerners only think that the Mongols were savages and murderous, but she knows more: Genghis Khan’s meeting was already great, not just unified In addition to the grasslands and deserts, Jin Guo and Xixia, who still fought in the traditional China region, had almost no strength to fight back. &1t;/

Temujin also wiped out his opponents in the seven-year Western Expedition to the Khorizmah. By the way, he fought with the Turkic-speaking Qincha state powers and the Oruosi duchy in the ancient Indus and Volga areas. There are so many small countries that have fallen so many that you can't remember them all in history! &1t;/

The Mongols are barbaric. This group of killing embryos likes to destroy the country and massacre cities all the way, but they don't have the habit of making historical records. &1t;/

In the traditional Eastern world, fighting is not to be counted. The wealth that the Mongol Empire collected from the Middle East and Central Asia was incredible! The principalities of Oros did not have flower heads, but Khwarazmo has a population of at least 20 million, and even a large country with a population of 50 million. It has been controlling the trade channel between the East and the West for a long time, and it is very rich. Mongolia People destroy it, but the profits are overturned. &1t;/

The population difference is estimated to be two and a half times, and this is also "thanks" to the Mongols' ways of warfare-massacre, massacre, or massacre! It was destroyed all the way, and there was no documentary record. Later generations knew little about the original Western Regions great power of Hualazimo. &1t;/

So it seems that Tiemu who died in Xixia couldn't be a pauper. How could he become a pauper when he got to the ground? &1t;/

Charlie felt that Nong Bosheng's words were unbelievable. After being blinded, she was disbelief! &1t;/

Seeing this situation, without Nong Bosheng’s explanation, Zhang Hongfu, who was sitting a little further away, smiled and said, “Miss Charlie, the old farmer is right. The Mongolian Khan and the emperors of the Yuan Dynasty are helping the poor under the ground.&1t ;/

It is not that gold and jewelry were not used in the burial, but because of the special burial system of the Mongols. Compared with the emperors of the Chinese dynasties, the Mongolian sweats did not bring much underground wealth, and it was relatively monotonous, which was really shabby. Can. ”&1t;/

This is Liu Chengjun added to Charlize-Theron: "The Western understanding of the number of burial objects of the Mongolian Emperor Yuan should come from the record of a Westerner who has seen the preparations for the funeral of a high-level Mongolian nobleman.&1t;/

At the beginning, there were a lot of Westerners living in the eastern part of the Mongol-Yuan Empire. For example, the number of Westerners in the Yuan capital was very large. Except for a few merchants, messengers and scholars who traveled far away, most of them were prisoners in the war. &1t;/

If they did not kill them all, the Mongols would like to take the aristocrats and even all of them to the east. Later, many of these people became the second-level people of the Mongolian Yuan, and they were part of the Semu people. &1t;/

Some of these people stayed in China, and there were still a lot of people in Beijing in the early Ming Dynasty. &1t;/

But some returned to the West, the Middle East, and Central Asia, and brought back the wealth stories of the East. &1t;/

Combining Marco Polo's account, we can understand how much Europeans wanted the East. Medieval Europe was like a bunch of paupers. &1t;/

It was dumbfounded to see the Mongols preparing to use some gold and silver objects as funeral objects. In addition to the possible exaggeration in the records and hundreds of years of misrepresentation, most of the earth believed that Genghis Khan and his descendants were carrying the astronomical treasures. Going underground, there is not so much at all. ”&1t;/

Speaking of this, Liu Chengjun pointed his finger down to the northwest of the tent, "It is not much more than the wealth that the Xiongnu who took more than a thousand years in the morning, Shanyu, brought into the ground, and the Mongolian emperors have special burial systems. Let alone coffins, bones are estimated. It's all rotten, it's really hard to find."&1t;/

"Secret burial, I know this."&1t;/

Charlie has a brother like Zhang Nan. If you don't know this one, and you don't have any interest in underground baby, then this month will not be able to stay here. &1t;/

From 12o6 Genghis Khan Temujin unified Mobei to establish the Mongol Empire, and Kublai Khan’s name was changed to "Daeyuan" in 1271, to 1368 Xu Da led his army to capture the capital of the Yuan Dynasty and destroy the Yuan Dynasty, and then to the ghost power of Yuanchen in 14o2. The Chi usurped the regime to establish Tatar, and the Northern Yuan was destroyed. The Mongol and Yuan empire added up to less than two hundred years. &1t;/

Among them, there are 15 emperors. From Temujin, the founder of the Mongolian Khanate, to the demise of the Northern Yuan Dynasty, the burial place of the emperors and the great khan of the Yuan Dynasty is a mystery. &1t;/

These Yuan dynasty emperors and sweats were most worried that the body would be disturbed after they were finished, and they would engage in secret burials. The burial process and the place of burial were kept strictly confidential. &1t;/

Up to now, there are five different burial sites in the legend: Bulhan Hele Dun Mountain, Lugou River, Da Otuoke, Babaishi and Qilian Valley. &1t;/

The current mainstream research believes that every emperor of the Yuan Dynasty from Tie Muzhen was buried in Qi Nian Valley or Hangai Mountain, but later generations wanted to find the tombs of the Meng Yuan Empire, and it turned out that they even had shadows. Was not found. &1t;/

Just hard to find? &1t;/

Secret burial, the Mongols made this secret burial almost to the extreme, even decent. &1t;/

At this meeting, the Nongbo Sheng said: "How the Mongol Yuan Emperor was buried, the Mongols themselves have no record. The first thing that was seen in the literature was actually in the Ming Dynasty.&1t;/

Ye Ziqi of the Ming Dynasty recorded in it: the emperor of the Yuan Dynasty drove a landslide, "using two pieces of wood, digging out of them, the humanoid shape is combined into a coffin, and the remains are placed in it... and painted, after finishing, the circle of gold is used for three circles. "&1t;/

This is the two ends and the middle of the coffin with golden hoops, and then a deep trench is dug and buried, &1t;/

"Take a thousand horses to make peace. Kill a camel on it, and guard it with a thousand horses. In the coming year, when the grass is born, the tent will be moved and scattered, and the hope is flat, and no one knows." &1t;/

This Lamu should be Nanmu. The deep burial depth of the coffin of the Yuan Dynasty emperor will not reach ten meters, because the funeral procession cannot dig the tomb in advance, and the pit of more than ten meters can not be quickly dug by people alone. &1t;/

It is estimated that the depth of four or five meters is at the end, and the average Mongolian tomb is only two or three meters. If you double it, you can’t make a mistake. &1t;/

The Ming people said that concealing the traces of the tombs was a method of trampling down with thousands of horses, then killing the baby camel in front of the female camel, and using the female camel to find the burial site for sacrifice a year later. These legends are false, but I think it is very likely to be a fact. &1t;/

Just waiting for the female camel to die old, no one really can find a place. &1t;/

Moreover, once the grass on the grassland grows up, the old shepherd can only determine the approximate location, and the Mongols can rob tombs at the level of the large tombs with ground seals. &1t;/

Without metal detectors and Luoyang shovel, the possibility of finding a coffin on a large grassland is almost zero, not to mention that the people involved in the funeral are estimated to be sent thousands of kilometers away after the ceremony. ”&1t;/

Nong Bosheng said this, and Zhang Nan interjected: "I have never seen a tomb in the Yuan Dynasty, but I have seen a later Ming Dynasty tomb on the construction site.&1t;/

As long as it is a tomb that seeps water but does not accumulate water all year round, not to mention the coffin, even the human bones are rotten. &1t;/

The great sweats of the Mongolian Yuan Dynasty didn't even build a masonry tomb, so there would be no scum left behind. ”&1t;/

Pondering water is sometimes equivalent to isolating the air, because the water in the tomb is different from running water or surface water, and many of the water with low oxygen content is close to zero. &1t;/

Charlie turned her mind and said, "Brother, I remember the book said that the best nanmu is golden nanmu, and your name comes from here.&1t;/

Nanmu can be the best beam in a wooden structure. Your single name is Nan, and you are hoping that you can be the pillar of the country. ”&1t;/

Zhang Nan smiled and said: "I know this, who told you that"&1t;/

The girl’s Chinese culture hasn’t been learned in vain over the years, and it’s very rare for her to speak these ways. &1t;/

"I asked when my brother-in-law was chatting, what does this name mean, I'm curious, the Chinese people's name is very different from the habits of Westerners."&1t;/

Zhang Nan has lived in the United States for several years, but he basically maintains the basic Chinese habits and will never become a banana man. &1t;/

The people around here are consciously and unconsciously centered on him, and they will also learn some Chinese style and culture. &1t;/

Even if you don't learn, you stay for a long time, it's natural to be infected. &1t;/

"Well, it was given by the elders, and it took a little thought."&1t;/

When Charlie heard it, she asked: "Isn't it said that the golden nanmu has not rot in thousands of years, how can it be rotten?"

Zhang Nan did not answer directly, but instead said to Zhang Hongfu: "Lao Zhang, I heard that you are also an expert on ancient wooden architecture"&1t;/

When Zhang Hongfu heard this, he smiled and said to Charlize-Theron: "That's right, the best golden nanmu can indeed be immortal for a thousand years. In addition to the oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance of nanmu, there is one more important thing. The prerequisite for storage is the storage environment and conditions!&1t;/

I have seen a lot of nanmu used as beams and pillars in some Ming dynasty buildings, and there are also some nanmu building materials in the temple buildings that have been preserved during the Tang and Song Dynasties. It is normal to be immortal for five to six hundred years or even a thousand years because of the good environment and dry humidity Appropriate, will not be directly attacked by rain. &1t;/

This is the case on the ground, but the preservation method is different when the ground is low. &1t;/

In Xichuan Lushan and other places, there are many gloomy woody nanmu preserved. Although the environment is very humid, it almost cuts off the air. The soil layer where the gloomy wood is preserved is silt, like a sealed layer. &1t;/

For the same reason, if the ancients put the thick-walled coffin of nanmu in the golden voucher of the underground palace, the nanmu coffin could indeed be stored for a long period of time in an environment with constant temperature and humidity and no oxygen. &1t;/

But if the thin-skinned nanmu coffin is directly buried in the ground, just as the Ming Dynasty records: the coffin is made of nanmu, the center is divided into two, and the shape of the scorpion is wide and narrow, and it is only enough to fit the body. &1t;/

From the meaning of this passage, we can see that the coffins of the emperors of the Yuan Dynasty were actually simple human-shaped thin-walled coffins, which were cut with a tree, but they were still thin-walled coffins without a coffin. &1t;/

The consequence of this burial is that the coffin will directly face the gravity of the covering soil, as well as the erosion of rainwater, plus the damage of rotten mold and underground insects. &1t;/

Some people say that nanmu "can't be soaked in water, and ants can't den, and it's immortal for thousands of years." This is actually an error, and it is a business method handed down by people who sell wood. &1t;/

When this nanmu was still a big tree, there were natural enemies such as nanmu tip-boring weevil and nanmu gray hair golden flower insect. Some old materials of nanmu also have insect eyes, and nanmu is relatively mothproof, not absolute. &1t;/

Buried underground, in addition to gold, even stones will be weathered, and wood will not be able to resist erosion. &1t;/

For at most a century, the thin nanmu coffins of the Meng Yuan emperors no longer existed. &1t;/

Speaking of unreliable coffins, and the bones and funerary objects in the coffins, the records say that the palace car Yan used mink coats and leather hats for his death, and his boots, socks, waistbands, and boxes were all made of white powder leather. &1t;/

The white leather products of these leather jackets and boots are estimated to be shorter than the life of the nanmu coffin, and it is estimated that it will be wiped out in less than a few decades. &1t;/

As for the human bones in the coffin, as Mr. Zhang said, in such an environment, usually four to five hundred years of effort will be so bad that nothing is left! &1t;/

The gold products are not bad. The Ming Dynasty said that the Yuan Dynasty emperor's coffin was sacrificed in the coffin of the Yuan Dynasty. There were two gold pots, one lamp, and one spoon each. Funeral, use gold as a hoop to tie it up. &1t;/

Just such a little thing, medieval Western travellers who have never seen the market would think it is a huge amount of wealth, but compared with the funeral goods of the Chinese Han emperors, it is not only a bit shabby, but even uncultured. &1t;/

The characteristics of gold are very stable and will not rot, but gold will walk in the soil, especially in the sandy soil environment of the Mongolian plateau. For seven or eight hundred years, one careless person can make gold fall several meters. . &1t;/

According to the different objects, the degree of descent is also different, and some even produce translational phenomena at the same time. &1t;/

The original burial posture is gone, no longer gather together, it becomes more difficult to imagine! ”&1t;/

Well, in the second half of this period, Charlize Theron felt like he was listening to a fantasy story! &1t;/

"Gold can walk in the soil"&1t;/

The tone is a bit surprised, more incredible. &1t;/

Now the answer to her was changed to Nong Bosheng, and the curator said: "Charlie, the soil under our feet is not static. We call it the soil movement.&1t;/

Not to mention the six to seven hundred-year-old tombs, as far as I know, the burial custom in many areas in China is not to build masonry tombs, but to bury the coffins directly in the earth pits. &1t;/

Some old graves of more than one hundred years have moved, and as a result, the bones left the original grave site and moved more than one meter laterally. &1t;/

I have all heard of such a real thing: a family moved their graves to their ancestors, because the old people in the family lived a long time, and it is said that the old ancestor was buried with a golden hairpin on his head. &1t;/

But when the tomb was moved, the coffin was found to be rotten, and the bones were not rotten, but the golden hairpin was gone! &1t;/

But the bone picker they hired was very experienced. He asked the workers to dig a deep 6o centimeters under the tomb owner's skull before he found the golden hairpin in the underground sand. &1t;/

Gold has a high specific gravity. Because of its own weight, buried in the soil will produce a sinking force like water dripping into oil and people falling into quicksand. &1t;/

Under the action of external forces such as earthquakes and groundwater, although gold objects move and sink into the soil extremely slowly ~www.readwn.com~, they can go. ”&1t;/

Charlize Theron is an insight into this trip, it turns out that gold can go under the ground! &1t;/

Zhang Nan has known this for a long time. A similar situation is that the rich landlord buried silver dollars in an emergency, did not wrap it in a container such as a clay pot, and surreptitiously dug a pit and fell down. &1t;/

As a result, I wanted to dig things out after a few decades. The original depth was one meter. As a result, I couldn't see anything at the original depth! &1t;/

Continue to dig, and then dig a few dozen centimeters, and finally found them. These silver dollars have slowly sunk in a few decades. &1t;/

Suddenly, Charlie lifted her head and said, "No, I see that you have dug dozens or hundreds of earlier Huns’ tombs. There are also many unearthed gold products, but they are almost on the same level as those people’s bones. ."&1t;/

Moving in a hundred years, this place is also sandy, and it will sink in a hundred years, but it’s okay for two hundred years. It doesn’t make sense. &1t;/

Now Zhang Nan laughed. The experts didn't laugh much. The little girl was only 17 years old, not an expert, and it was not surprising that she didn't see her name. &1t;/

It was Zhang Nan who solved the doubt for her. &1t;/

"Charlie, you haven't found all the tombs of Shanyu and the nobles are particularly strong&1t;/

The bottom is built layer by layer, and of course it will not sink. The Xiongnu man-made tomb is more particular than the Mongols thousands of years later. "...&1t;/

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