Three Kingdoms: Opening War Strategy System
Chapter 67
Liu Chen did not break the illusions of these officials.
His main purpose in making the "mercury thermometer" was for medical use.
As for the temperature detection of the firing kiln, it needs to be as high as thousands of degrees, which cannot meet that high requirement for the time being.
Don't look at the mercury measurement temperature range is -39C-357C.
However, due to process problems, the outer glass may be deformed due to high temperature melting, so the temperature that can actually be measured is not too high.
At first, Liu Chen just wanted these workers in the glassmaking department to practice their craft through this delicate and small glass manufacturing.
It really didn't occur to me that they could be developed.
It was a bonus.
However, there are only three mercury thermometers today, which is naturally difficult to popularize. Moreover, mercury is toxic, and the slightest accident can lead to mercury poisoning.
It is also necessary to prepare sulfur powder in advance.
This allows the mercury thermometer to be broken and chemically turn mercury into mercury sulfide without inhaling it and affecting health.
Although there are huge drawbacks, the advantages are also very obvious.
In this era of artificial visual temperature measurement, the advent of thermometers can accurately obtain the final temperature, which will get greater accuracy for patient treatment!
As a matter of fact.
In addition to "mercury thermometer", there are also "alcohol thermometer" and "kerosene thermometer" and so on.
However, the "alcohol thermometer" measurement temperature range is -110~50 °C, which is generally used to measure the lowest temperature.
Although they are all thermal expansion and cold contraction principles, the measurement accuracy is slightly lower, which is completely inferior to the "mercury thermometer".
"Kerosene thermometer" measurement temperature range is -30 °C ~ 150 °C, also can not be accurately measured, most of them are used for indoor temperature measurement.
And "kerosene" needs to be refined from "oil".
The Han Dynasty has already appeared and is using "oil", but unfortunately the refining technology is too troublesome, and Liu Chen will not get involved in it in the short term.
However, "oil" as the fuel of the internal combustion engine, if Liu Chen opens the industrial era in the future, he will definitely step into this field and will naturally dabble in it!
Of course, these are all afterthoughts.
If you want to apply it to medicine in the short term, the "mercury thermometer" is the safest.
After thinking about it, Liu Chen spoke, "Invite Doctor Hua Tuohua." "
"Yes."
Immediately, officials ran to look for Hua Tuo.
Liu Chen intends to give one of these three mercury thermometers to Hua Tuo's medical school for testing at special times.
"Fair and."
Liu Chen looked at the frustrated teacher and said, "You are in charge of school affairs, bring a thermometer to the school physical chemistry department, and let them use it when experimenting."
"Remember to tell them to be careful, in case they need to sprinkle sulfur powder on the mercury liquid after breaking..."
Liu Chen informed the precautions.
The official in charge of the forging institute on the side wrapped a mercury thermometer layer by layer and buffered it through cotton silk to avoid the glass tube from breaking.
Only then handed over to the frustrated.
Frustrated, he took it and said solemnly: "Please rest assured, I think those teachers and students will be extremely careful with such precious things!" "
"Don't worry too much, if it's broken, it's broken, don't put it on the shelf, things are used for use." Liu Chen said with a smile.
Everyone around thought of something, and suddenly laughed.
Physical chemistry courses have been set up within the school, and some simple experimental operations have been carried out.
Unfortunately, due to the unfamiliar technology, and the later physical chemistry books exchanged by Liu Chen were too esoteric, limited by the material restrictions of the times, many instruments were damaged.
For example, beakers and other glass instruments have broken and exploded dozens of groups, and those school teachers are distressed, so they do not let students operate alone.
When Liu Chen learned of this, he immediately intervened.
It doesn't matter if something is broken or wasted.
But if there is no experimental operation, how to develop that scientific knowledge and explore the future? How to appear the power of science in a certain field!
Some materials also need to be extracted by distillation of a certain material.
For example, the "kerosene" that Liu Chen just said needs to be extracted from "oil", you don't do experiments, how do you know? How to continue to dig deeper?
For example, cement, obviously the composition method is so simple, the material Han Dynasty has it. If you have the spirit of experimental exploration, you can quickly study it with the wisdom of the ancients.
For example, gunpowder, one sulfur dinitrogen three charcoal materials, it is estimated that any person in the future can recite it.
But if there is no specific operation of the experiment, how do you know the specific ratio? How do you know which effect is better with the matching result?
For example, glycerin will appear at the same time in the production of soap, and if you want to carry out a nitrification reaction and become nitroglycerin, you also need to pass experimental research.
So.
Because of the loss and waste of equipment and materials, students are not allowed to do experimental operations? These behaviors of choking on food are absolutely not feasible!
"The subordinates understand that they will definitely tell those teachers!" Frustrated is also crying and laughing.
During the conversation of the group, Hua Tuo and other heads of the medical school came over.
"Your Highness, are you looking for us?" Hua Tuo asked suspiciously.
Liu Chen brought out the mercury thermometer, and when he learned the role of the thermometer, Hua Tuo and other doctors were extremely excited.
"Artifact!"
"This is an artifact!"
Hua Tuo and other doctors were surprised and called the artifact.
They wasted no time asking Liu Chen about the details of his use, measuring a doctor's armpit.
The mercury thermometer can be placed in the mouth and the back, but after Liu Chen thought about it, it was more convenient, hygienic and safe under the armpit!
Hua Tuo took the pulse of the doctor's wrist, measured the pulse while guessing the person's skin temperature through skin contact.
After about a cup of tea, Liu Chen signaled that they could pull out the thermometer.
"Your Highness, this is 37 degrees?"
A doctor surnamed Zhao asked Liu Chen in a low voice to avoid being heard by Hua Tuo, and the effect of comparison could not be achieved.
For Arabic numerals, Changshan has become popular in all walks of life.
"That's right."
Although the thermometer will have some deviations due to process, scale and other reasons. But definitely not too big.
37 degrees This is also the constant temperature of the human body, and the gap is not too big.
Doctor Zhao nodded.
On the side, the doctor surnamed Wang walked aside with the comparison table written by Liu Chen, and almost pasted it on the paper and read:
"37 degrees is the standard constant temperature, 38 is a low fever, and 40 degrees is a high fever..."
"It depends on Dr. Hua's measurement results, no matter what, this time efficiency has been greatly reduced!"
Until the thermometer results came out, Hua Tuo was still groping the patient's skin. After all, guessing by metaphysics and experience also takes time to determine.
Liu Chen instead looked at the Doctor Wang, and saw that he was reading the words on the comparison table, obviously he couldn't see clearly.
If you can't see it clearly up close, this is farsightedness, or it may be presbyopia!
"It looks like I'm going to find a time to polish my glasses out." Liu Chen thought in his heart.
However, without precision instruments, accurate prescriptions cannot be made, and this kind of glasses is also bad for the eyes.
But as long as you control the time and use it when you need it, the advantages outweigh the disadvantages.
Compared with old eyes and blurred vision, you can see the world as it is again, and I believe that many people will choose to wear glasses.
Words like Dr. Wang who can't see clearly at close range can actually be solved with a "magnifying glass", after all, television glasses and magnifying glasses use the principle of convex lenses.
This can be mass-produced!
Liu Chen's mind was like electricity, and the time passed minute by minute until a quarter of an hour later.
Hua Tuo sighed and said: "Normal temperature, no problem!" By the way, what are the thermometer measurements? Is it accurate? "
"37 degrees, standard temperature, incomparably correct!" Dr. Zhao said.
"This is an artifact! You can take your temperature in a short time! Hua Tuo's face was shocked.
Others were also moved.
"Doctor Hua took a quarter of an hour, and this thermometer only needs a cup of tea!"
"Your Highness is really knowledgeable and wise!"
"With this substance, we can know the patient's temperature for the first time, and then prescribe medicine for treatment as soon as possible, no need to waste time!"
"Your Highness, we don't need too much in medical school, just a hundred thermometers for the time being."
Listening to the words of these doctors, the official in charge of the forging institute on the side was full of black lines, and complained:
"Our forging institute has spent a lot of hard work, only three of them have been made, you are lions with big mouths!"
"Huh?! Three?! "
Hua Tuo and other doctors were stunned with a surprised look, how to distribute the three of them?!
The Forge Academy official obviously guessed their thoughts and continued: "Don't think too much, you can only take three of them... One! "
While speaking, the official of the forging institute carefully took the thermometer in Doctor Zhao's hand.
It was then disinfected with alcohol, wrapped and handed over to the medical school people.
Ignoring the confused Doctor Hua Tuo, the official in charge of the forging institute said:
"Your Highness, one medical school, one physical and chemical school, can the remaining one be left for our forging institute to continue research?"
"No problem."
Liu Chen said with a smile. Then he comforted Hua Tuo and other doctors with regretful faces:
"Don't be discouraged doctors, after the manufacturing department is perfect, it can be mass-produced."
Hua Tuo and other doctors sighed helplessly and bowed their heads repeatedly.
"That's it."
"Alas! It's a pity! "
His main purpose in making the "mercury thermometer" was for medical use.
As for the temperature detection of the firing kiln, it needs to be as high as thousands of degrees, which cannot meet that high requirement for the time being.
Don't look at the mercury measurement temperature range is -39C-357C.
However, due to process problems, the outer glass may be deformed due to high temperature melting, so the temperature that can actually be measured is not too high.
At first, Liu Chen just wanted these workers in the glassmaking department to practice their craft through this delicate and small glass manufacturing.
It really didn't occur to me that they could be developed.
It was a bonus.
However, there are only three mercury thermometers today, which is naturally difficult to popularize. Moreover, mercury is toxic, and the slightest accident can lead to mercury poisoning.
It is also necessary to prepare sulfur powder in advance.
This allows the mercury thermometer to be broken and chemically turn mercury into mercury sulfide without inhaling it and affecting health.
Although there are huge drawbacks, the advantages are also very obvious.
In this era of artificial visual temperature measurement, the advent of thermometers can accurately obtain the final temperature, which will get greater accuracy for patient treatment!
As a matter of fact.
In addition to "mercury thermometer", there are also "alcohol thermometer" and "kerosene thermometer" and so on.
However, the "alcohol thermometer" measurement temperature range is -110~50 °C, which is generally used to measure the lowest temperature.
Although they are all thermal expansion and cold contraction principles, the measurement accuracy is slightly lower, which is completely inferior to the "mercury thermometer".
"Kerosene thermometer" measurement temperature range is -30 °C ~ 150 °C, also can not be accurately measured, most of them are used for indoor temperature measurement.
And "kerosene" needs to be refined from "oil".
The Han Dynasty has already appeared and is using "oil", but unfortunately the refining technology is too troublesome, and Liu Chen will not get involved in it in the short term.
However, "oil" as the fuel of the internal combustion engine, if Liu Chen opens the industrial era in the future, he will definitely step into this field and will naturally dabble in it!
Of course, these are all afterthoughts.
If you want to apply it to medicine in the short term, the "mercury thermometer" is the safest.
After thinking about it, Liu Chen spoke, "Invite Doctor Hua Tuohua." "
"Yes."
Immediately, officials ran to look for Hua Tuo.
Liu Chen intends to give one of these three mercury thermometers to Hua Tuo's medical school for testing at special times.
"Fair and."
Liu Chen looked at the frustrated teacher and said, "You are in charge of school affairs, bring a thermometer to the school physical chemistry department, and let them use it when experimenting."
"Remember to tell them to be careful, in case they need to sprinkle sulfur powder on the mercury liquid after breaking..."
Liu Chen informed the precautions.
The official in charge of the forging institute on the side wrapped a mercury thermometer layer by layer and buffered it through cotton silk to avoid the glass tube from breaking.
Only then handed over to the frustrated.
Frustrated, he took it and said solemnly: "Please rest assured, I think those teachers and students will be extremely careful with such precious things!" "
"Don't worry too much, if it's broken, it's broken, don't put it on the shelf, things are used for use." Liu Chen said with a smile.
Everyone around thought of something, and suddenly laughed.
Physical chemistry courses have been set up within the school, and some simple experimental operations have been carried out.
Unfortunately, due to the unfamiliar technology, and the later physical chemistry books exchanged by Liu Chen were too esoteric, limited by the material restrictions of the times, many instruments were damaged.
For example, beakers and other glass instruments have broken and exploded dozens of groups, and those school teachers are distressed, so they do not let students operate alone.
When Liu Chen learned of this, he immediately intervened.
It doesn't matter if something is broken or wasted.
But if there is no experimental operation, how to develop that scientific knowledge and explore the future? How to appear the power of science in a certain field!
Some materials also need to be extracted by distillation of a certain material.
For example, the "kerosene" that Liu Chen just said needs to be extracted from "oil", you don't do experiments, how do you know? How to continue to dig deeper?
For example, cement, obviously the composition method is so simple, the material Han Dynasty has it. If you have the spirit of experimental exploration, you can quickly study it with the wisdom of the ancients.
For example, gunpowder, one sulfur dinitrogen three charcoal materials, it is estimated that any person in the future can recite it.
But if there is no specific operation of the experiment, how do you know the specific ratio? How do you know which effect is better with the matching result?
For example, glycerin will appear at the same time in the production of soap, and if you want to carry out a nitrification reaction and become nitroglycerin, you also need to pass experimental research.
So.
Because of the loss and waste of equipment and materials, students are not allowed to do experimental operations? These behaviors of choking on food are absolutely not feasible!
"The subordinates understand that they will definitely tell those teachers!" Frustrated is also crying and laughing.
During the conversation of the group, Hua Tuo and other heads of the medical school came over.
"Your Highness, are you looking for us?" Hua Tuo asked suspiciously.
Liu Chen brought out the mercury thermometer, and when he learned the role of the thermometer, Hua Tuo and other doctors were extremely excited.
"Artifact!"
"This is an artifact!"
Hua Tuo and other doctors were surprised and called the artifact.
They wasted no time asking Liu Chen about the details of his use, measuring a doctor's armpit.
The mercury thermometer can be placed in the mouth and the back, but after Liu Chen thought about it, it was more convenient, hygienic and safe under the armpit!
Hua Tuo took the pulse of the doctor's wrist, measured the pulse while guessing the person's skin temperature through skin contact.
After about a cup of tea, Liu Chen signaled that they could pull out the thermometer.
"Your Highness, this is 37 degrees?"
A doctor surnamed Zhao asked Liu Chen in a low voice to avoid being heard by Hua Tuo, and the effect of comparison could not be achieved.
For Arabic numerals, Changshan has become popular in all walks of life.
"That's right."
Although the thermometer will have some deviations due to process, scale and other reasons. But definitely not too big.
37 degrees This is also the constant temperature of the human body, and the gap is not too big.
Doctor Zhao nodded.
On the side, the doctor surnamed Wang walked aside with the comparison table written by Liu Chen, and almost pasted it on the paper and read:
"37 degrees is the standard constant temperature, 38 is a low fever, and 40 degrees is a high fever..."
"It depends on Dr. Hua's measurement results, no matter what, this time efficiency has been greatly reduced!"
Until the thermometer results came out, Hua Tuo was still groping the patient's skin. After all, guessing by metaphysics and experience also takes time to determine.
Liu Chen instead looked at the Doctor Wang, and saw that he was reading the words on the comparison table, obviously he couldn't see clearly.
If you can't see it clearly up close, this is farsightedness, or it may be presbyopia!
"It looks like I'm going to find a time to polish my glasses out." Liu Chen thought in his heart.
However, without precision instruments, accurate prescriptions cannot be made, and this kind of glasses is also bad for the eyes.
But as long as you control the time and use it when you need it, the advantages outweigh the disadvantages.
Compared with old eyes and blurred vision, you can see the world as it is again, and I believe that many people will choose to wear glasses.
Words like Dr. Wang who can't see clearly at close range can actually be solved with a "magnifying glass", after all, television glasses and magnifying glasses use the principle of convex lenses.
This can be mass-produced!
Liu Chen's mind was like electricity, and the time passed minute by minute until a quarter of an hour later.
Hua Tuo sighed and said: "Normal temperature, no problem!" By the way, what are the thermometer measurements? Is it accurate? "
"37 degrees, standard temperature, incomparably correct!" Dr. Zhao said.
"This is an artifact! You can take your temperature in a short time! Hua Tuo's face was shocked.
Others were also moved.
"Doctor Hua took a quarter of an hour, and this thermometer only needs a cup of tea!"
"Your Highness is really knowledgeable and wise!"
"With this substance, we can know the patient's temperature for the first time, and then prescribe medicine for treatment as soon as possible, no need to waste time!"
"Your Highness, we don't need too much in medical school, just a hundred thermometers for the time being."
Listening to the words of these doctors, the official in charge of the forging institute on the side was full of black lines, and complained:
"Our forging institute has spent a lot of hard work, only three of them have been made, you are lions with big mouths!"
"Huh?! Three?! "
Hua Tuo and other doctors were stunned with a surprised look, how to distribute the three of them?!
The Forge Academy official obviously guessed their thoughts and continued: "Don't think too much, you can only take three of them... One! "
While speaking, the official of the forging institute carefully took the thermometer in Doctor Zhao's hand.
It was then disinfected with alcohol, wrapped and handed over to the medical school people.
Ignoring the confused Doctor Hua Tuo, the official in charge of the forging institute said:
"Your Highness, one medical school, one physical and chemical school, can the remaining one be left for our forging institute to continue research?"
"No problem."
Liu Chen said with a smile. Then he comforted Hua Tuo and other doctors with regretful faces:
"Don't be discouraged doctors, after the manufacturing department is perfect, it can be mass-produced."
Hua Tuo and other doctors sighed helplessly and bowed their heads repeatedly.
"That's it."
"Alas! It's a pity! "
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