Three Kingdoms.

  Chapter 2145 Reserve

  Zhuge Liang and Zaozhi stood on the edge of the Wei River, looking at the villages on both sides of the bank that were almost connected together.

  Most people are lazy, especially when these most people form a social group, they always feel that others should go back to do it, so they don’t have to do it.

  Smart people will know how to overcome this inertia, and even use the inertia of others in turn.

  The work in the fields is undoubtedly hard work, and there is almost no rest throughout the year, but for the future of their own families, these refugees in the fields seem to have buried their inertia deep in the soil along with their sweat.

  Especially these refugees in the farmland, when they saw that Zaozhi and others were working hard in the fields like them, they didn't have any complaints when they worked hard to improve agricultural technology.

  Lead by example, you can set an example.

  There are five virtuous kings, and there are five ministers.

As the chief agricultural director of the entire Hussars political group, Zaoyi would be lying if he said that it was not hard work. Even during the slack season, Zaoyi needs to check the plowing of the fields, the accumulation of fertilizers, etc. from time to time. Often after a year, there is always a muddy smell on my body.

  Zaozhi stretched out his hand to pinch a piece of soil, and then showed it to Zhuge Liang, "The land of the Weihe River is different from other places... Farming equipment also needs to change with time and place..."

  Zhuge Liang immediately grasped the point, "Brother Zijing, could it be that the soil quality of this place is different from that of other places?" 』

  『Of course. 』Zaozhi handed the clod of soil to Zhuge Liang.

  Zhuge Liang used a little bit of strength, and it turned into powder, which fell finely with the wind.

  『What’s the difference? Zaozhi asked with great interest, with a smile on his face. Both of them came out from under the deer mountain, it was a bit like a senior leading a junior, there was a natural intimacy.

  Zhuge Liang didn't care that the fine loess stained his robe, but frowned, took another clod of soil and crushed it again, "Is this soil so dry?" 』

  Zaozhi nodded, "So here, the most important thing is to "protect the lake"..."

  Zaozhi raised his head, looked around, and said, "The land of Huaxia, this is the middle earth, and the earth is prosperous." However, if the soil is strong, the water will be restrained, and if the water is weak, the fire will steal it, and it will be more beneficial to the soil..."

  Simply speaking, it is to maintain water and soil, but it is very difficult to explain a problem of water and soil conservation to the people of the Han Dynasty, so Fei Qian simply used the five elements to explain it, which made Zaoyi and others understand it at once.

  『Therefore, we should use wood to restrain the earth, restrain the abundance of the earth, make the five elements balance, and the heavenly way rotate? Zhuge Liang said, "In this way, the hussars are forbidden to cut down the forest and use black soil for heating, so that's the case?" 』

  Zaozhi nodded.

  People in the Han Dynasty were majestic and majestic, so sometimes they were somewhat rough. Just like the development of agriculture in the Han Dynasty, in many cases, it was due to the growth of population, so we had to consider the update of technology. It was not a conscious development, but a disorderly progress.

Before the Han Dynasty, many agricultural technologies already existed. It was only after entering the Han Dynasty that the population growth put pressure on the feudal courts of the Han Dynasty. Therefore, court officials in the Han Dynasty began to consider adopting higher-yielding technologies. Agricultural technology, so that some agricultural technologies were promoted in the Han Dynasty.

From this point of view, the promotion of agricultural technology by the court of the Han Dynasty, or the conscious increase of agricultural output, was not the initiative of the court of the Han Dynasty, but a change that the court was forced to make. Therefore, in terms of agricultural development, there are some capable Just use it, the perfunctory feeling of using it enough.

At the same time, although during the three or four hundred years of the Han Dynasty, agricultural production was always emphasized, and large-scale market trade was formed in some places, but they were still satisfied with the degree of self-sufficiency, and the small amount of additional output was often It is in the hands of local gentry and rich families, and it becomes isolated, local abundance or poverty, and there is no unified national dispatching mechanism.

"In the land of Hebei and Henan, there are abundant rivers and rivers, so the quality of the fields is also different..." Zaozhi said, walking forward, and then came to a shed, and asked someone to take out a set of plowing tools, "Before A certain man was also looking for a deep plow, but later he got some hussars to help him know the difference in Guanzhong, so he needed a shallow plow and deep plowing...』

The special geographical environment on the Loess Plateau requires water conservation as much as possible, and the capillary structure of the loess can easily lead to water expropriation. The way to reduce water evaporation is to loosen the soil and form a protective layer on the surface of the soil, thus Cut off its channel to draw deeper soil layers.

Therefore, after plowing and harvesting, it is necessary to use light plows instead of heavy plows, and even when leveling the land, use softer willow or wattle made of wickers instead of iron rakes to avoid damaging the surface. The protective layer.

  『The land is different, so the plows are different... 』Zaozhi said, 『The time is different, so the law should be different...Before Guangwu, the people had a hundred acres, but how much is the number today? In Yuzhou, Jizhou, there is even a family with less than ten lands. They work diligently, but they cannot escape hunger. 』

  In terms of land geology, Jizhou and Yuzhou undoubtedly have more advantages than Guanzhong.

Cao Cao and others, including Yuan Shao and Yuan Shu, who already received lunch boxes, set their bases in Jizhou and Yuzhou because they were the main economic bases of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and because the entire climate in the Han Dynasty was relatively warm and humid, and after Guangwu, it became a big river. The downstream area, that is, the area of ​​Henan and Hebei in later generations, has become an excellent area for planting.

At first, the Dahan was mainly millet and millet, so the name Sheji came from this way. Later, wheat and barley were introduced. As for the rice in later generations, it is not the main crop of the Dahan now. Vegetables and fruits are generally not considered serious. In the fields, agriculture and animal husbandry are very separated...

  The planting industry in Guanzhong gradually declined during the Eastern Han Dynasty. There are many reasons for this, but one point is that the geographical environment of Guanzhong has undergone tremendous changes from that of the early Han Dynasty, the most important being soil erosion.

In the pre-Qin period, the Guanzhong Loess Plateau was densely covered with vegetation, even mulberry forests were as dense as silk, and Shanglin Garden was really full of "forests", but with the unrestrained construction of palaces, they were burned and repaired. , Year after year, ordinary people cut down trees for cooking and heating, resulting in a large number of trees on the Loess Plateau being cut down, and then the fragile ecological environment cannot repair itself under the massive damage of humans, so that the Loess Plateau is like a 40-year-old For men who are above the age, once alopecia areata appears, it is not far from losing it all.

Therefore, under the same, relatively simple agricultural production technology, the areas in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, which are relatively easy to preserve water, naturally outperformed the Guanzhong area, which focused on protecting soil moisture, so that the political and economic center of the Eastern Han Dynasty. moved east.

It’s just that the population of Jizhou and Yuzhou is also large, coupled with serious land mergers, resulting in small household residents who are exhausted in order to obtain food and clothing, and have no intention of carrying out agricultural technological reforms at all. The land will not allow ordinary people to master new technologies to obtain higher output. After all, only when ordinary self-cultivating farmers cannot survive can they have the opportunity to absorb more land.

As the court, because some vested interests occupy the pits, even if some people study agricultural technology, most of them are out of interest, and then Xinxin presents the technology on the court amidst praise, and then Put it on the shelf, and don't care whether these technologies are actually used in practice.

Therefore, many descendants of the Dahan gentry will superficially think that the lack of agricultural harvest means that there are not enough farmers farming, so more farmers must be tied to the land, and because the original tax policy formulated by the Dahan is based on population as the main source of income Yes, so the Han Dynasty and even the feudal dynasty that followed fell into a vicious circle. The more they valued the land, the more the population was tied to the land, and the actions became heavier. Even if they thought about turning a corner and turning a The body is already extremely difficult, and can only do everything possible to slow down the speed of its sliding into the abyss on the original road.

   Therefore, the land advantage of Jizhou and Yuzhou has now become a disadvantage that hinders its development. Many big landlords naturally don’t think about improving agricultural technology because the harvest is pretty good. Just like most monopoly classes, big landlords monopolize the land, and they only want to continue to occupy more land. When I was growing up, I only wanted to hide the population and pay less taxes, and I would spend more time on how to dig the corner of the court, but like Fei Qian, who holds a lot of land in his hands but pays attention to the development of farming technology, is like a rare bird. .

  Zhuge Liang looked at the various tools taken out of the wooden house, and couldn't help being a little surprised, "This...are all made by Brother Zijing? 』

  Zaozhi shook his head and said, "No. A certain man was plowing in the field, and he was often confused, so he asked the hussars, and the hussars could be solved by spinning, so that the craftsmen could change it... Kong Ming looked at it, this is the columbine, the meaning of taking the leak, so that planting it here is like pecking and drinking , take the length of the peck, it is a deep seed, if it is short, it is a shallow one, the difference is not more than an inch, and it is even convenient...well, this thing is a coupling...』

  Zao only talked one by one, as if introducing his own toy to a friend, knowing all the functions.

   Zhuge Liang listened, but gradually frowned, "All these things are wonderful, but one thing is not enough..."

   Zaoyi said: "But the price is high?" Is it not available to ordinary households? 』

  『Exactly. 』Zhuge Liang nodded.

Zaozhi also nodded, and then asked people to pack these tools back into the house and put them away, saying, "This is the disadvantage of farming... As for the refugees, when they first got the land, they were mostly hardworking, regardless of hard work, but they only wanted to get something. Just eat and drink...」

  『Kong Ming is very worried. The price is high, and it is difficult for ordinary farmers to support..." Zaozhi said as he walked forward, "The ox plow can be shared, and the cultivation can be rotated. At first, there was no complaint, but now... um..."

  Zhuge Liang frowned slightly, "But lack of support? 』

  "People's hearts..." Zaozhi sighed, "The same is true for agricultural scholars, it is difficult to be fair... This is a digression... Later Huqi set up a utensil shop, which can be rented, borrowed or replaced, and complaints are postponed..."

  Are only the sons of noble families intrigue?

   No, even ordinary farmers, after the threat of hunger is relieved, will have all kinds of disputes because of trivial matters.

  『Besides, there are also new disadvantages...』 Zaozhi glanced at Zhuge Liang and said, 『Let’s talk about this later...Come on, here it is...』

   Turning around the grove, there was a stone wall in front of him, which was high and cut off the line of sight. After opening the door on the stone wall, Zhuge Liang was stunned by everything in front of him.

  Inside the stone wall, there is actually a gigantic warehouse, separated by stone and planks, and covered with dry materials such as lime, and what attracts Zhuge Liang's attention the most is the considerable amount of various grains stored in different categories.

"There are millet, wheat, 穬, 稂, liang, millet, yellow, millet, 穄, hemp, black..." Zaozhi slowly turned around, pointing all the way, and then said, "These warehouses, Sansuke There are nine lands in the east, six in the east of the river, and four in the west of Longxi...all of them are kept secret, just for this time...』

The improvement of agricultural technology has brought about an increase in yield per mu, and some of these increased yields per mu have been consciously concealed by Fei Qian Zaozhi and others. After all, some of these farmers even have as many fingers and toes as they have They may not be able to count them clearly. They just know that the yield per mu has increased, but they have no concept of how much it has increased.

   Therefore, in the process of Fei Qian's vigorous development of farming in the past few years, the extra food production due to the improvement of agricultural technology has been accumulated out of the sight of the children of the gentry. These hidden warehouses are all located in the center of Tuntian Point, and ordinary people can’t get in at all. The purpose, on the one hand, is to resist the attack of the small ice river, and on the other hand, it is also to deal with the current situation...

Fertilized crops and non-fertilized crops, whether they have selected good seeds, etc., are basically two different things when reflected in the final yield per mu. With more advanced equipment and more reasonable ridge cultivation, etc., nowadays Almost all of Qi's farms can reach a considerable special high yield. Although there is no such thing as a so-called hundred stones per mu that is similar to auspicious miracles or advocating inflated increases, most of the line of ten stones per mu can be achieved, which is more than three times the general yield per mu in the Han Dynasty.

Of course, the value of this per mu yield was not achieved overnight, it increased so much all at once, but gradually increased in the following years, so it also gave the surrounding gentry children some misinterpretation and solidified cognition, thinking that hussars Tuntian is nothing more than that, only a little more than ordinary fields.

Although some people know that the hussars have some food and grass savings, they don't know how much, and these people calculate according to their usual habits, and they also think that after the hussars have several military operations, they are basically exhausted. Those open warehouses in Chang'an City did not store much, which made these people think that they had the truth.

"In addition, there are Zhuanghe straw, which can be used by war horses..." Zaozhi smiled, looking at these hoarded grains, there was an indescribable brilliance in his eyes, as if looking at his own children, or watching With a beloved lover?

  Everyone knows that the hussars have a lot of war horses, and they all think that the consumption of these horses is astonishing, but this is another misunderstanding in thinking. It is true that war horses consume more energy than humans, and they are all guys with huge belly. If it is during special preparations for war, or when fattening up, let these big guys eat as hard as they can, twenty or thirty a day. A catty of hay feed is considered small...

  But usually, if it is in the Longyou Grassland area of ​​Yinshan Mountain in the North, it is just an extra meal at night, and it is released during the day to let these big guys eat by themselves, so the consumption is actually not as much as these people imagined.

  Think about the herds of wild horses in nature, no one specially gave them extra meals, and I didn’t see any horses that were hungry or sick?

The reason why the gentry children think that the cost of raising horses in Feiqian is very high is because the cost of raising horses is really high, and the most important reason for their high cost of raising horses is that the horses cannot obtain food naturally for a long time. environment, so they have to require a lot of feed for feeding.

Feiqian's war horses are generally raised in Beidi and Longyou. These areas have been horse breeding lands since the Qin Dynasty, and in many cases even raised more than 100,000 war horses. Otherwise, those war horses when Emperor Wu of the Han conquered the Xiongnu from where?

  In the fourth year of Yuanshou, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the Han Dynasty dispatched the largest expeditionary force in history, led by General Wei Qing and Hussar General Huo Qubing, across the desert to attack the hinterland of the Huns. This battle is the famous "Battle of Han-Hungarian Mobei".

  And in this battle, how many war horses did Emperor Wu of the Han use in total?

  "Historical Records Biography of the Huns" records: "...Nai millet horses sent 100,000 riders, privately followed horses with 140,000 horses, and the grain was not enough. 』

   That is to say, there are 100,000 war horses dedicated to frontal combat. There are 100,000 war horses fed with millet, and 140,000 "private horses" that are not specially fed with grain and fodder. A total of 240,000 war horses have been mobilized!

   Moreover, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty also left some stallions and horses for daily use, so it can be roughly calculated that the number of war horses raised by the entire Han Dynasty at that time should be around 300,000...

   Of course, how much is specific, there was no national statistical agency during the time of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and there was no exact value, but if that guy Sima didn't scribble randomly, then the scale of the Battle of Mobei at that time was quite astonishing.

At the same time, it also reflects from the side that the Huns had a lot of war horses at that time. Otherwise, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty would not have to use such a large number of war horses, and because the Huns tribes were scattered, it was impossible to count the number of war horses, but I believe it must be more than the big Han. Some, that is to say, on the side of the Huns, the number of horses raised will exceed 300,000...

  The number of horses on both sides adds up, tsk tsk...

  So at that time, both sides could raise so many war horses, but now even if the discount is finished and then the fracture is broken, Fei Qian is in Guanzhong Sansuke, and feeds a certain number of war horses with Zhuanghe straw and hay as a standing force. What problem can there be? And because the source of these Zhuanghe straw and hay is almost from their own farmland, so if it is said that it is not expensive, it is not, but if it is expensive, it is naturally not.

It's just that some greedy and short-sighted guys in Sansuke Guanzhong can't see and don't understand this. On the one hand, these people think that the hussars' food and grass reserves are exhausted, and on the other hand, they think that the hussars need to support so many cavalry. The pressure of waiting must have been great, and he thought he had pinched the vital point of the Hussar General, so he started to do it triumphantly...

  (end of this chapter)