Xinshun 1730

Chapter 1089 Industrial Revolution ([-])

The industries in the county are almost all developed around the needs of capital in southern Jiangsu.

The layout of the local industry and commerce is relatively complete.

The grain store, and the sorghum liquor industry, oil extraction industry, and bean cake processing industry that are supporting the grain store.

The store sells cotton, cotton, silk, tea, white, black, brown sugar, spices, ironware, and basic groceries from birth to death transported up from Yingkou along the Liaohe River.

The inn car shop provides a full set of services for water transport in summer and sledge ice transport in winter on the Liaohe transportation line: meals, drinks, horse feed, kiln sisters.

The songs of later generations sang: My home is on the Songhua River in the northeast, where there are forest coal mines and soybean sorghum all over the mountains and plains.

Coal mines or something, forget it for now.The railway is still early, and the southern Jiangsu region, which has the greatest demand for coal, now uses coal from Xuzhou Prefecture.

As for soybean sorghum, it is somewhat similar to the original evolutionary route, but also somewhat different.

The evolutionary line of soybean is basically the same.

The development of the soybean industry in Northeast China originally originated from the European war preparations before the First World War, the demand for smokeless gunpowder for oil; and the Japanese agriculture’s demand for bean cakes and fertile fields before the synthetic ammonia industry.

Now, the soybean industry here has also developed in a commercialized mode of capital demand.

Capital from southern Jiangsu came to the Northeast to enclose land and grow soybeans along the Liaohe River Basin where transportation is convenient.

The candle industry and soap industry in southern Jiangsu are in urgent need of soybean oil in the northeast.

The cotton planting industry in northern Jiangsu also needs the cheapest nitrogen fertilizer that can be found at this time.

And because the chemical fertilizer industry is impossible to establish at this time, and the saltpeter in South America is too far away as a nitrogen fertilizer, so due to the particularity of legumes, planting soybeans in capital enclosures has become a priority for capital investment in southern Jiangsu. .

Because of the spontaneous nitrogen fixation mechanism of legumes, the yield of beans is in a very strange state.

With the use of chemical fertilizers in later generations, the yield of wheat per mu increased from the original one or two hundred catties to fourteen to five hundred catties.

With the use of chemical fertilizers in later generations, the yield of soybeans per mu has risen from the original two hundred catties to three to four hundred catties.

Judging from the situation in Dashun at this time, the general yield of wheat per mu is lower than that of soybeans.

A large amount of vacant land was recruited to reclaim wasteland after being occupied by capital.In addition, Liu Yu suppressed the uprising in Jiangsu Province, and a large number of members of the uprising army were dispatched to the Northeast in a form similar to contract slaves, and the harvesting and planting of bean crops was relatively convenient, making the soybean industry specially oriented to Jiangsu, Nanyang, and Japan , developed rapidly.

It is the demand for capital that promotes the cultivation of beans.The difference is nothing more than that it was originally sold to Europe and Japan, but now it is mainly sold to Jiangsu.

However, bean crops cannot be planted every year and need to be replaced.A large number of immigrants from the Huanghuai area led to a rapid increase in sorghum planting area, and it soon became the staple food in the Northeast.

In the north of the Songliao watershed at a higher latitude, rice is the staple food because of the escape of Koreans and the rice planted in Japan.

In the south of the Songliao watershed at a lower latitude, the staple food is sorghum rice.

The reason for this is somewhat different from the original history.

Beginning in the middle and late Ming Dynasty, the imperial court promoted the cultivation of sorghum in the Huanghuai area.

The function is to control water, sorghum stalks are used as the skeleton of some small river embankments, and at the same time, the development of sorghum wine in the Huanghuai area was also promoted.

Dashun implemented drastic reforms in the Huanghuai area, as well as the development of shipping and the extension of the Liaohe transportation line in the Yingkou area, allowing a large number of people in the Huanghuai area to enter the northeast.

The sorghum planting technology and sorghum brewing technology brought by them spread rapidly.

And soon, sorghum became a widespread staple food in the area south of the Songliao watershed, and with the population growth in the southern area, some people were squeezed northward to cross the Songliao watershed, so that sorghum planting continued to move northward to the Songhua River basin, and The rice cultivation extending from the Ussuri River in Vladivostok gradually became heterozygous.

With the experience of the last Huaihe construction project, the imperial court did not curb the wine making industry in the Northeast.

On the contrary, the wine industry serves as a reservoir, which can ensure that when necessary, enough food can be bought for money.

Sorghum rice is also food, and it is definitely cheaper than rice for disaster relief.

Originally, the only food resource that Dashun could control was the grain of rice collected every year.Now you can get all kinds of messy food, as long as you spend money, you can buy bulk commodities.

Taking this Sanjiangkou County as an example, all its industrial layout and economic development are actually arranged around the needs of Jiangsu capital.

Farmers and land-holding capital grow soybeans.

Soybeans are processed here into soybean oil and soybean cake.

It is actually very convenient to transport bean cakes along the Liaohe River to Yingkou, especially when winter arrives, it only takes less than ten days to transport them from Changchun, the descendant of Huanglong Mansion, to Shenyang with an ice sledge.

Soybean oil and the like are generally waited until summer, and are transported along the river by boats to Yingkou, where they are loaded on ships and transported south.

Sorghum is basically used for wine making, and then the high-strength spirits are packed and transported to Yingkou; or they are transported upstream along the Liao River to Mongolian pastoral areas in exchange for skins.

Since last year, there has been another industry here.

Flax cultivation.

The fine flax varieties introduced from the Raksha country and the Grinkov flax combing machine imported from the Raksha country made the flax industry take root and grow.

The new Grinkow carding machine has rapidly increased the production efficiency of flax fibers; and in the long winter, a large number of women spun these flax fibers into flax yarns. Anyway, they are idle, and there is no cotton here. The buying system quickly developed in the surrounding areas.

These linen yarns will also be transported to Yingkou, and then transported from Yingkou to Songjiang Prefecture. The main direction is to be used as warp threads, spun into British blended cotton cloth, and smuggled in large quantities to North America and Europe to attack the cotton textile industry that has just started in the United Kingdom. By the way, it is exchanged for silver. .

The quality of pure cotton cloth is so good that the British anti-smuggling department knew it was smuggled goods at a glance.However, the smuggling group in the Netherlands provided a real method that disrupted the market to the greatest extent. Blended cotton cloth mixed with flax, cashmere and cotton yarn quickly became a bulk commodity in the smuggling industry.

The hemp carding machine just invented by the Raksha people was soon introduced to Dashun, which is in urgent need of hemp yarn for warp.

However, in view of the higher value of cotton planted in northern Jiangsu, flax is still planted in the northeast region, twisted into finished yarn, and then transported by sea.

The local people have long been used to industries such as sorghum and soybeans.

The flax industry is a newcomer, so I can't help being curious.

Of course, you must know that this thing is for weaving, which is something that almost a fool knows.

But the point of contention is rather peculiar.

At this time, those coachmen who were driving horses and plows were skillfully using small notes, bought a few catties of sorghum wine produced in the local pot, asked for a few catties of mutton by-product of sorghum wine grains, and the rest of the inn wine shop, Talking about the new star product that appeared this year and shipped from the remote southern Jiangsu region - the cotton cloth with a width of [-] feet [-] was shocked by these immigrants who were originally farming men and women weaving.

Then they were discussing: "You said, is the twine here used for this two-foot-eight cloth?"

The people in the inn are very familiar with these things, because these drivers and sledge drivers mainly transport various goods from north to south.

Last year, linen yarn was popular, and this year there is a two-foot-eight cloth, which inevitably makes people think.

The width of the original loom was only one foot, so it is now commonly known as small cloth.

And this kind of improved cotton cloth with a width of more than two and a half feet is commonly known as large cloth.As for how this thing is woven, and how it can be woven two and a half feet wide, the local people basically don't understand.

But this year's new large cloths have quickly gained widespread market recognition. Cutting clothes to make cotton trousers is much more convenient than before.

There was a debate about whether there was hemp thread in the big cloth, until a store clerk said with a strong Jiangsu accent: "This two-foot-eight big cloth really doesn't have hemp thread. This is all Nantong cloth. The hemp thread, the cotton cloth produced by the big factory in Songjiang Prefecture, has the hemp thread."

"I came here with the shopkeeper to do the hemp yarn business. I know what's going on here. The cloth in Nantong is similar to the hemp spinning here. It's all done by looms. And those big factories in Songjiang Prefecture are from the upper Dagong. It’s different. The big factory over there uses hemp thread, but the machine spreader doesn’t use hemp thread.”

The so-called scatter machine is a common name.

According to Liu Yu's name, it is called the package purchase system.

The so-called Shang Dagong is also a common name.

According to Liu Yu's name, it is called the factory system.

The hemp thread textile industry in the Liaohe River Basin has both large-scale industry and machine-spreading.

The process of turning flax into fibers requires the use of a carding machine, which is factory-made.

And hemp fiber is spun into hemp thread, which is subcontracted to rural women, which is a contract purchase system.

The store clerk was not lying, there really was no linen in the two-foot-eight cloth.

In other words, in Nantong, where the bag shopping system is the mainstream, the cotton cloth produced does not use twine or cashmere.

Here, it can be regarded as a specific manifestation of the industrial revolution with Dashun characteristics.

If we say that the beginning of the British Industrial Revolution is the spinning jenny.

Then, the symbol of the beginning of the Dashun industrial revolution was the large-scale production of the iron wheel flying shuttle loom in Jiangsu at this time.

In fact, even if the steam engine has been applied in the well salt industry, coal mine drainage and other industries, it is not the beginning of the Dashun Industrial Revolution.

The beginning of the Dashun industrial revolution was Liu Yu’s reform in Jiangsu, and after northern Jiangsu became a long-staple cotton production area, he went to the countryside with iron wheel looms.

With the progress of cotton planting in the northern Jiangsu enclosure, the originally prosperous salt transport canal has now become a cotton transport canal.

Nantong has become the distribution center for Huainan cotton across the river.

Machine ginning, deseeding, carding, manual spinning.

However, the new type of iron wheel flying shuttle loom was slightly more expensive, so the package purchase system soon became the mainstream of Nantong's cotton cloth industry.

Capital contributed money, bought cotton yarn, and provided iron wheel looms for rural women.

Then buy the finished cotton cloth made by them at a low price, and pay a certain amount of labor remuneration. The weaving process is carried out in each family.

However, the early cotton planting, picking, seed removal, ginning, sliver rubbing, spinning, etc.; as well as the subsequent dyeing, starching, etc., are mostly carried out in the factory system.

And the iron-wheeled flying shuttle loom going to the countryside is what Liu Yu said about the technological progress of the textile industry, or the characteristic textile industrial revolution, which must "weave first and then spin".

(End of this chapter)