Xinshun 1730

Chapter 945
The fact that Dashun has its own national conditions here is not only a huge difference from before in Nanyang, but also in Ceylon and India.

Ceylon does not belong to the category of Nanyang, nor is it a place where Nanyang trading companies can directly intervene in trade.

Ceylon's gemstones, cinnamon, and betel nuts are actually the emperor's small treasury.

Emperor Dashun does not count the shares of the trading company, and has two small coffers.

One is high-grade official kiln porcelain.

These high-grade porcelains are produced by official kilns that are actually monopolized by the royal family, with designs provided by high-ranking foreign nobles.

The high-ranking aristocrats here do not refer to those famous families that existed in the Middle Ages. Those who are rich are now high-ranking.

These high-grade official kiln porcelains specially sold for export brought a lot of income to the emperor.

It is also impossible for the Western Trading Company to ask the emperor for the shipping fee, but the emperor just earned the difference in price for nothing.

Another one is Ceylon.

The spices in Nanyang are more complicated and the products are more chaotic.Ceylon, on the other hand, was not only the base of Dashun before leaving India, but also because it produced relatively simple commodities and also had an "orthodox" tributary state.

Dashun's traditional vassal state concept made the relationship between Dashun and the Kandy Kingdom of the Sinhalese far better than the relationship between the Dutch and them.

As an outsider from South India, the king of Kandy can imagine how powerful the local nobles are.

The king chose to revitalize Buddhism, win over Buddhist monks, and suppress the noble forces with religious power.

The emergence of Dashun, a country with a non-Christian civilization and a good relationship with Buddhism, as well as the "ritual law" problem in the Dashun tributary state system, made the Sinhalese king find a good foreign aid.

The issue of etiquette and law in the Dashun tributary state system is an extension of the concept of "Tianxia".The world, to put it bluntly, means that Dashun's morality is universal within the scope of "the world".It may not work outside the world, but it must work within the world.

Aristocratic decentralized kings?This is definitely wrong in Dashun Tianxia's view of reason.

Therefore, one is due to the maintenance of the concept of Tianxia, ​​and the other just needs a strong foreign aid.

One is the new "colonists" who replaced the Dutch, and the other is the unstable royal family from South India.

One is the guardian of Eastern religions holding high the banner of anti-Christ, and the other is a primitive Buddhist country that needs to revive Buddhism and strengthen centralization.

It's also a match made in heaven.

As for the so-called nationalist revolt?It's even more invisible.

Historically, the national consciousness of the Sinhala nation was born out of religion.

It was the confrontation between Buddhism and Christianity that gave birth to Sinhalese nationalism.

It was the British who wanted to plant tea and auction off the monks' land, which made the monks unite to defend their own interests and oppose the Christian forces in the West.

Before that, it was hard to say that the Sinhalese had their own awakened national consciousness.

After all, there was a king before, who was overthrown by the nobles on the grounds of "not being able to treat foreigners well" and "conflicting with foreigners by the sea".

It is indeed difficult to expect a group of people who have integrated primitive Buddhism and a distinctive caste system to awaken nationalism.

As for the attitude of the local nobles towards outsiders, in fact, an important reason why they "invited" the Dutch to fight against the Portuguese was that the Dutch offered higher prices for spices.

It wasn't until the Dutch really gained a firm foothold that these nobles realized that the fucking Portuguese and the Dutch were alike.

Only then sighed: "Ginger is gone, pepper is ushered in".

And the Dutch still fucking eat alone, take away the cinnamon caste, and insist on rubbing cinnamon themselves to save costs.

The aristocrats said in their hearts that I was just pointing at this meat hanging to make money. It was agreed at the beginning, you set a high price yourself, and when the time comes to buy ours, we welcome you to drive away the Portuguese.

Now you don’t ask us to buy it, but you want to eat it by yourself, take away our cinnamon caste and produce it yourself?
As for the lower class of the Sinhalese... In the words of the Dutch, this is called "We should use more people from the middle and lower castes. They are more dissatisfied with the high castes than us outsiders."

And another class of monks who is likely to lead the awakening of nationalism, Dashun has no conflicts with them.

First of all, Dashun is a pan-belief, and it does not engage in forced conversion, and there is no way to change it, and it is not so disgusting with Buddhism.

Secondly, Dashun didn't intend to swallow up the Sinhala Kingdom's tea plantation, so naturally he wouldn't touch the land of the monks.As long as they don't move their land, the monks are very happy to have contact with Dashun.

The main reason is that it is impossible for Dashun to go to Ceylon to plant tea in a foolish way. There are plenty of tea in the two lakes, Anhui, and Fujian of his own country, so why come here to plant tea?

In history, the British stole tea seeds, and Ceylon's alpine terrain is particularly suitable for tea plantation, so they chose to introduce a large number of Tamils ​​to grow tea.

And to grow tea, you have to eat the land of the temple. Naturally, the monks in the temple will be at odds with the British for their own land.

Since there is no need to grow tea in Ceylon, the monks' land in the high mountain area is not attractive to Dashun at all.

And the seaside plain area that took over the Netherlands... I also have to "thank you" for the religious policies of the Portuguese and the Dutch, especially Portugal's religious fanaticism and forced conversion policy, which made a bunch of landowners of high-caste nobles go to the mountains up.

A large amount of free land is enough for immigrants from Dashun to use.

It was precisely because of these large amounts of free land that the Dutch idea of ​​"Batavian Chinese migrating to Ceylon as debt slaves" came into being, because they found that the labor efficiency of the Tamils ​​was not as good as that of the Chinese, and the large amount of land in Ceylon was was vacant.

Another big problem is that the agricultural environment of Ceylon is very special, and the Chinese are the most suitable.

The name of Lion Country has long been heard in China. In the Han Dynasty, there was a civilized country here, and it was also a standard country with "water control and water conservancy projects as the leading rice planting industry".

The country with "water control and water conservancy projects as the leading rice planting industry" is the economic base, and the economic base determines the superstructure, which makes some people in Sinhala get used to it. In China, a foreign country that also has a tradition of water control and wants to develop a small-scale peasant economy in the coastal areas of Ceylon Under the rule of the former, it is eerily very... well-timed.

The Sinhalese in the coastal areas are very adaptable to the ruling mode of Dashun officials.

It is very suitable for doing labor and repairing water conservancy during the slack season.

I really like the land-sharing small-scale farming economy.

It is very suitable for paying the mu tax on time.

It is very difficult for Westerners to understand the logic that the construction of water conservancy is one of the sources of regime legitimacy.

And although Dashun is not a Buddhist country, the local Chinese at least worship Buddha when they see it. Anyway, there is no harm in worshiping more.At least not like the Portuguese, smashing Buddhist temples.

The Portuguese and the Dutch were not only monotheistic Christianity, but also destroyed Ceylon's original irrigation system and water conservancy projects.

The extent of its destruction is basically equivalent to the southward migration of the Yellow River in the Song Dynasty, which caused the two Huaihe Rivers to be mixed up from the Shangshangtian in "Yu Gong" to the current degree of the cancer of the empire.

Ceylon in the eyes of the Dutch is cinnamon and gems.

For Ceylon in Dashun’s eyes, if Malacca is used as Shanhaiguan, then Ceylon is Shenyang.

Advance can be attacked, retreat can be defended, without Shenyang, Shanhaiguan will sooner or later, this point is very clear to Dashun who has learned from the previous dynasty.

Therefore, it is impossible for Dashun to only focus on Ceylon's cinnamon and gemstones. After all, although cinnamon and gemstones are valuable, Emperor Dashun is the emperor of the Celestial Dynasty: Ask him if he prefers commercial profits?Or prefer to go to India to collect land tax?

It must be the land tax that the emperor prefers, which is a kind of inertia.

A nation that has struggled with the Yellow River, Yangtze River, and Huaihe River for thousands of years, it really feels like a fish in water when it comes to a country like Ceylon that needs to fight against the floods caused by the monsoon.

At this time, no country knows better about water control than Dashun, what is irrigated agriculture, what is water conservancy project, and what is called small-scale rice agriculture.

If Ceylon is regarded as Shenyang in the late Ming Dynasty, what is the most familiar operation for the Chinese government to go out of the base before the border?
Naturally, it is reclamation.

Repairing water conservancy, re-irrigating, distributing small farmers, and accumulating grain are almost done in one go without delay.

Let the imperial examination officials in Dashun manage places like Ambon and Banda where "the economy is completely colonized and already integrated into the world market", they really don't necessarily understand.

They really don't understand it, because those places are not small-scale farmers' economies at all, and the economy completely revolves around the pure commodity transaction of "selling spices and buying grain".

But Ceylon was very different.

Even the imperial examination officials from Dashun can still have fun when they come to Ceylon to be an official.

Because what to do is the daily life of local officials in Dashun: water control, labor labor to repair rivers, organization of labor, taxation, and water conservancy repairs.

The local people are also different from those in Banda, Ambon, Java and other places.

The people here are also accustomed to such things as water control and labor labor to repair water conservancy, and take it for granted. This is a habit for thousands of years.

To put it bluntly, the average level of Dashun officials neither understand the more advanced commercial capitalist system nor understand that the more backward villages do not disintegrate the economy.

It is a headache not only for the future of weavers walking together like Suzhou Fu, but also for the past when the chieftain nobles had slaves and absolute power in the local area.

However, I have special experience in the small-scale peasant economic system supported by irrigation and water conservancy.

Officials also have an inexplicable sense of familiarity with the people of Ceylon and the old system.

The highest caste in Ceylon is called "Gao Vigamo". In theory, this is the highest caste, including the capital of the royal family. The greatest privilege of this caste is farming, and it accounts for more than [-]% to [-]% of the population.

The rest, the Kalawa caste who fish, can only fish and cannot farm, which is not easy for generations; the Saragama caste who rubs cinnamon can only rub cinnamon, and cannot farm and fish, which is not easy for generations.

Known as the highest caste of "Gao Vigamo", the world regards agriculture as the highest, and it is considered the highest, higher than industry and commerce.However, accounting for [-] to [-]% of the population, the land of the poor landlords, the rich fields and rice paddies, the highest ruling class are theoretically included in this caste, and the poorest tenants are also included in this caste.

Buddhism in Ceylon doesn’t have too many wonderful stories from India. Although they also talked about Buddha’s nirvana and rebirth, the original Buddhist monks here prefer to debate, but they basically maintain a “silence, chaos and strange force” during the debate. "God" style, and I also like the mysterious and mysterious nonsense.

It's definitely not the same though.

But after all, before the arrival of the colonists, it was an ethnic group based on irrigated agriculture, small-scale peasant economy, and centralized water conservancy government.

These economic foundations determine that Dashun is very suitable for ruling here.

Just like inside Dashun, it has always been felt that after the military reform and the navy proved to be effective in dealing with such a long and slender coastal country, it would be a matter of course for the counties to be transformed into northern Vietnam and North Korea in the future.

Regardless of whether it is West Java or Ceylon, Dashun always prioritizes governance, and monopoly is only a by-product of governance.

Dashun's choice is also very simple.

If you choose the central area of ​​Sijun Town, which is directly under your jurisdiction, you won't make any adjustments to local conditions.

For example, in Ceylon, rice agriculture was originally based on small farmers, so that's easy to say.

As in West Java, I don't understand the original state of the village community very well, so I will directly turn it into a social form that I am more familiar with and understand very well.

… If the reality is unfamiliar to me, then I have to modify the reality instead of me adapting to it.

It’s just that Dashun is originally a laissez-faire policy of private ownership of land, free trading, and basic government non-intervention—of course it is passive, not because it doesn’t want to manage, but because it can’t manage it, as long as it has a strong government, it will not cause treasury revenue and no India. The United Kingdom, which does not charge taxes in North America, is similar.

In the country, it has indeed caused situations such as land consolidation, industrial and commercial sluggishness, and rapid concentration of wealth.

But in Nanyang, from the perspective of commercial profit, the effect is surprisingly good because of Dashun's own developed handicraft industry.

Although Liu Yu talks nonsense all day about the free trade system derived from laissez-faire, it sounds like nonsense.

But in fact, to a certain extent, the current state of Dashun’s trade with Europe is precisely the most perfect Chinese trade model envisioned by the earliest British economists such as Smith Adam, the founder of free trade theory.

It is difficult to understand the foreign trade situation in the 18th century when future generations are stamped with the ideological stamp of "Europe took the lead in the 18th century" and the ideological stamp of "Britain knocked on China's door for free trade".

It is even impossible to understand what Chinese goods forced Europe into in the 18th century.

It is even more impossible to know the French East India Company. In history, Liu Yu did not give them the idea of ​​ginseng and mink trade. They wanted to detour to South America to smuggle to obtain silver for trade with China.

So much so that there is a dedicated France-Peru-China-Cape of Good Hope-France silver smuggling route for trade with China.

Philosophical and economic masters like David Hume commented on China's handicraft industry in this era:

[The long journey to China is a natural obstacle...]

[If China is only close to us, such as France or Spain, then everything we use will be Chinese. 】

Why did David Hume talk about China? Because before Adam Smith, in the past few years, a big discussion about "free trade" or "mercantilism" broke out in Britain.

The center of this discussion revolves around Sino-British trade.

Dashun Western Trading Company successfully traded with Europe for the first time, which directly aggravated the big discussion in the UK, making free trade and mercantilism an instant winner.

(End of this chapter)