Kingdom of Heaven and Han

Chapter 479
Seeing the bewildered faces of the people below, Wang Xiaolie also felt helpless.This knowledge sounds boring and boring.And for the speaker, this knowledge is very simple and should be understood as soon as he speaks it.But for those who listen, it is obscure and difficult, and they are at a loss.

I took a sip of water to moisten my throat.Wang Xiaolie continued: "There are degrees and no boundaries, which means that the world is not the same everywhere, but different everywhere. For people, these differences are different things one by one. In order to understand these things and explain them clearly, we will All kinds of names are given. When names are given, these names must be defined. When the names are defined, boundaries are drawn. In the human world, each name has boundaries. It is not the matter of this name. But in the real world, there is no boundary. The names one by one are just defined by people for their own convenience. The knowledge formed by these names combined with the changes in the world is of course also It is not the true face of the world. This is how we use the names and knowledge formed by human beings to understand the world bit by bit and approach the reality bit by bit.”

"Approaching the real like this, what we realize can never be the real world, more or less always worse. We don't know what the real world looks like and how the world changes. This world we don't know, Call it the Tao."

"In a world with degrees and no boundaries, how do we understand the world? We must firmly grasp the differences in degrees, and we must be clear about the boundaries without boundaries, so that we can firmly grasp the differences in various affairs. Once we forget this point, for affairs with different names, we must Trying to find a boundary often leads to confusion. In the end, even the meaning of the name is forgotten."

"This is how we know it. For example, there are two high places on the earth, which we call mountains. The low places between the mountains, we call valleys. The mountains and valleys are very obvious. This mountain and the The mountain is clearly distinguished. But the boundary between the two is actually difficult to distinguish. If we draw a line between two mountains, this side of the line is this mountain, and the other side of the line is that mountain. Mountain. Even if the line happens to be drawn in the middle of two mountains, the boundary line is not real. If the line is removed and a person is asked to find the lowest place, it is said that there is the boundary line between two mountains. Then Either the person has not reached the boundary and thinks it has been reached, or the person has crossed the boundary and thinks it is not enough, and cannot find the drawn boundary line. What's more, the boundary line is a precise position, but the real world is not so precise. The boundary line we know is considered accurate Yes, it’s actually a big or small range. On the edge of the boundary, as long as you think about it, you can always get closer to the boundary and eventually walk to the other side.”

Speaking of this, Wang Xiaolie shook his head, feeling that he didn't understand clearly.But for a while, I couldn't think of a better way to say it.

The following people have all read some books, and their knowledge is not deep, so they can't speak too clearly.The examples given are only simple and easy to understand, but in fact they are not very suitable.It can only let them have a general idea first, and then slowly deepen it later.

It is impossible not to talk about these contents.Why such a government is established, why these officials are recruited, and why such things are done, there must be a basis.If Wang Xiaolie decided to do this just because of his brain, how could it be possible to form a system.

As a political organization, it must have its own philosophy.If you don't have your own philosophy, you have to borrow someone else's philosophy.Or to use traditional Chinese sayings, political organizations must have their own ideas.If there is no thought, there is no soul.

European civilization originated from concepts, and then formed its own logic, thus forming a set of ideological systems.They also discovered the difference between the conceptual world and the real world, thus forming the division of the rational world and the perceptual world.It's just that they think the rational world is real and the perceptual world is unreal.This has something to do with the beliefs of Europeans, and in the end it boils down to an omnipotent lord.

Wang Xiaolie starts from the traditional Chinese thought and does not believe that there is a difference between the rational world and the perceptual world, and there is only one world.This only world is the world of heaven.People live in the real world, but their understanding of the world is not real.We can only feel the Tao and understand the Tao from the side, but we cannot really explain the Tao clearly.

The distinction between name and reality has been an important issue in Chinese thought since more than 2000 years ago.At that time, it was also the time for everyone to preach.Laozi left behind the "Tao Te Ching", Confucius said, "If you hear the Tao in the morning, you can die in the evening."

In the West, this issue was taken seriously very late.Some important figures related to this, such as Wittgenstein, are also important thinkers in Europe and America.However, unlike Chinese civilization, they describe it from another aspect.

When I was watching a short video in my previous life, there was a professor who studied Chinese philosophy, who should be quite famous.He emphasized Chinese philosophy and told a short story.At one meeting, there were twenty or thirty professors who studied Western philosophy, and he was the only one who studied Chinese philosophy.Professors who study Western philosophy look down on him.Then he talked about the "Diamond Sutra", saying: The Buddha said Prajna Secret, which is not Prajna Secret, but Prajna Secret.Then ask others, what is prajna secret.Twenty or thirty professors of Western philosophy couldn't answer, and they admitted that Chinese philosophy is powerful.Finally, he said that Chinese philosophy should respect Western philosophy, but Western philosophy should not look down on Chinese philosophy, it is not qualified.

In fact, the three sentences are still a distinction between name and reality, which is nothing unusual.It's just that this question has appeared in various ways throughout history and in various schools of thought.In Wang Xiaolie’s view, the problem illustrated in this small video is not how profound the problem is, but the status of Chinese thought in reality.In China, when a philosophy conference is held, [-] or [-] people will study Western philosophy, and only one will study Chinese philosophy.Still in China, those who study Western philosophy look down on those who study Chinese philosophy.

Hegel, one of the most famous philosophers in the West, once thought that the Chinese language was an inferior language because of its unclear concept.Some Chinese people have learned from Hegel and think so.

how to say?Wang Xiaolie can only say that in a civilized class, if you are just a third-rate student, don't pretend to be superior.

The combination of Tao and the distinction between name and reality will directly shake the foundation of European and American civilization.It’s not that European and American civilizations are wrong in Europe and the United States, but that those who want to bring European and American civilizations, especially European and American philosophies, to China will lose their roots.

The reason is simple, Europeans and Americans have religious beliefs.In the end, there is always one and only God who comes out to clean up the mess.But in China, there is no such an omnipotent God, there is Tao.

This has nothing to do with materialism and idealism. In fact, the difference between the two is closely related to European civilization.It means that for Chinese civilization, without the only God and the rational world associated with the only God, there will be problems with the knowledge that is linked together.

Some people say I don't believe in God.So what?If that god appeared in front of you, the Buddha appeared in front of you, would you still be able to persevere?Chinese civilization can persist.Because in Chinese civilization, there is a Tao that is superior to the gods and Buddhas in the sky.

People often ask, if modern science appeared in China, would it still be as it was in history?Certainly not.It's just that what it will look like has not happened in history, so I don't know.Just ask Needham, why didn't industrialization happen first in China?How can the Chinese answer?It can only be said that we unfilial children and grandchildren.

There are twenty to thirty times as many people who study Western philosophy as there are people who study Chinese philosophy.This data itself illustrates the value orientation.It has been 150 years since the Chinese government sent the first batch of international students to the United States. In the past 150 years, to be honest, the Chinese have not learned much in philosophy.What I really learned is to return to China and thoroughly criticize Chinese civilization.I also learned that facts are not important, but the theories I have learned are important.If the facts don't match my theory, the facts are wrong.

When quantum theory was proposed, Einstein simply could not believe it.In the end, of course, Einstein was wrong.

There are many scientists in history, including the British, Germans, and even Chinese, who finally believed in God.Although some people truly believe in a personal God, others believe in an impersonal Creator.Why?Because this thought system comes from above.

Is there only one way of science?Is there only one kind of human society?
Wang Xiaolie raised his head and saw a big ginkgo tree with green branches and leaves motionless at the base of the wall.He shook his head slightly.

(End of this chapter)