My system is not decent

Chapter 1958 Simple, deep, restrained and elegant beauty
In the early days of the Yangshao Culture, there was no blank-drawing technology, and clay strips were used to build pottery.

The eagle-shaped pottery tripod of the Yangshao Culture exhibited at the National Expo is built using the clay stick method.

In the middle and late period of the Neolithic Age, pottery-making techniques became more and more proficient, and the selection of raw materials and the invention of fast-wheel casting technology made pottery more abundant in shape and more regular in shape.

The Dawenkou Culture white pottery system is formed by using a sticky figure with a very low iron oxide content, and then baked in a kiln at a temperature of about 1000 degrees.

The black pottery of Longshan culture was formed by fast wheel drawing, and the thickness of the tire wall is only 0.3-1 mm, so it has the reputation of "eggshell black pottery", which reflects the exquisite molding skills at that time.

The first part of the exhibition in the Palace Museum Ceramics Museum starts from the Neolithic pottery.

Starting from the Yangshao Culture, the pottery of the Neolithic Age entered the stage of painted pottery.

Painted pottery is decorated with animals, plants, figures, geometry, sun, moon and stars, etc. The painting method is simple and natural, contains the ideal thinking of human primitive religion, and gives people a sense of mystery.

It is the earliest artwork that combines decorative patterns and shapes in the history of ceramic technology, and it can be called the first peak of ancient culture and art.

The Yangshao Culture is about 7000-5000 years old, and it was named after it was first discovered in Yangshao Village, Mianchi County, Nanhe Province.

This is one of the most important Neolithic cultures distributed in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River.

Very exquisite painted pottery was found at the site, so it is also called "painted pottery culture".

Yangshao culture pottery has two types of clay pottery and sandy pottery.

The shapes include basins, jars, bowls, jugs, pointed bottom bottles, boxes, tripods, etc.

It is generally formed by the method of building circles of mud strips or coils of mud strips, and small utensils are directly kneaded by hand.

The Neolithic Yangshao Culture Banpo painted pottery basin with geometric patterns is one of the classics.

Fish pattern is a common ornamentation in Banpo painted pottery of Yangshao Culture. The famous Banpo painted pottery basin with human face and fish pattern in Chang'an depicts the image of a fish with a human face in its mouth, which shows the connection between fish and people's life in Banpo.

The Dawenkou culture is about 6000-4200 years ago, and it was named after it was first discovered in Baotou Village, Ningyang County, Qilu Province, and Dawenkou Town, a suburb of Tai City.

Mainly distributed in Qilu and northern Jiangsu provinces.

Dawenkou Culture pottery can be divided into clay pottery and sand-filled pottery according to texture.

According to the color, it can be divided into red pottery, gray pottery, white pottery, orange pottery and so on.

White pottery appeared in the late Dawenkou culture.

Pottery shapes mainly include tripods, beans, pots, pots, cups, bowls, pots, and back pots.

The back pot is a unique utensil of Dawenkou culture.

Dawenkou culture also has very exquisite painted pottery.

Neolithic Dawenkou Culture (approximately 4200-2600 BC) unearthed in Dadunzi, Sihu Commune, Qiu County, Sujiang, painted pottery bowl with petal pattern.

The shoulders are decorated with two continuous leaf patterns of brown color and white, and every five leaves form an oval pattern, a total of five groups.

The leaf pattern is decorated with brown dot patterns for a week.

The Qingliangang Culture belongs to the Middle Neolithic Culture and was named after it was first discovered in Qingliangang, Huai'an, Jiangsu.

This culture is mainly distributed in central and southern Shandong and northern Jiangsu. The unearthed pottery mainly includes cooking utensils such as tripods, cauldrons, and steamers, and eating utensils such as beans, bowls, and bowls.

Its painted pottery is mostly decorated with red, brown and purple colors.

The decorations include double arc lines, water ripples, eight trigrams, crosses and dots.

The Miaodigou type of the Yangshao Culture in the Neolithic Age existed around 3900-3600 BC, and the pattern of flowers and leaves on painted pottery is representative of Qi.

The type of Miaodigou is in the middle period of Yangshao Culture, and it is mainly distributed in the south of Shanxi and west of Henan in the Weishui River Basin.

Miaodigou type pottery is mainly red pottery, and there is also a small amount of gray pottery, and clay red pottery and sandy red pottery are the most common.

There are Jomon, thread, and string patterns, and a small amount of additional pile patterns.

Painted pottery has well-developed patterns, and the common patterns include swirling hook pattern, petal pattern, arc pattern, bean pod pattern, grid pattern and so on.

There are also a small amount of animal patterns, bird patterns and frog patterns, among which the swivel hook pattern is the most common.

The Xindian culture of the Neolithic Age, dating back to about 1500-900 B.C., is represented by painted pottery double-hooked amphora.

The Xindian Culture is a Bronze Age culture distributed in the Tao River, Daxia River Basin and Haiqinghuang River Basin in Gansu Province.

Most of its pottery has a round bottom, and the main decoration is a double hook pattern.

There are also white pottery pots in the Dawenkou Culture of the Neolithic Age.

White pottery was first seen at the Tangjiagang site. It was popular in the late Yangshao culture, Dawenkou culture and Longshan culture, and died out after the Western Zhou Dynasty.

In the Dawenkou Culture of the Neolithic Age, white pottery double-line back pots and white pottery girdles were also unearthed.

The raw material used for white pottery is high-purity pottery clay. After molding, it is baked in a kiln at a temperature of about 1000°C.

Then there are red pottery, red pottery three-legged tripod and red pottery girdle unearthed from the Dawenkou Culture of the Neolithic Age.

Longshan culture generally refers to a culture in the late Neolithic period in the lower reaches of the Yellow River.

The pottery of Longshan Culture mainly includes gray pottery, red pottery, black pottery, painted pottery and a small amount of white pottery, etc. The pottery making technology has been greatly improved compared with Yangshao Culture pottery.

In the Longshan culture of the Neolithic Age, about 2600-2000 BC, black pottery single-handle jars were unearthed.

Longshan Culture is a culture of the late Neolithic Age in my country. It was named after it was first discovered in Longshan Town, Zhangqiu, Qilu in 1928.

Among the pottery of Longshan Culture, sandy black pottery and muddy black gray pottery are the most numerous.

Although the pottery is still made by hand, the use of fast wheel casting has become common, so the shape of the utensils is relatively regular, and the carcass is obviously thinner.

The firing method of black pottery and gray pottery is the same, and both are fired in a strong reducing atmosphere.

The reason why it appears black is that at the later stage of firing, the kiln is stopped and the door is closed, and water is poured on the top hole of the kiln. The carbon in the fuel combines with steam and penetrates into the carcass to become black.

The black pottery of Qilu Longshan Culture is the most exquisite, and one kind of black pottery with a plain surface is the most distinctive.

Its carcass is thin and uniform, its color is black and bright, and some are as thin as eggshells, so it has the reputation of "eggshell black pottery".

Unearthed from the Longshan Culture of the Neolithic Age are black pottery double-line pots, black pottery double-line pots with string patterns, and black pottery goblet-shaped three-legged cups.

Black pottery is carburized and fired by smoke fumigation in a strong reducing atmosphere.

In the later stage of kiln roasting, the fire is stopped and the door is closed, and water is poured from the top hole of the kiln. The carbon and steam are combined and penetrated into the carcass, and then polished to a bright black color.

Compared with painted pottery of Yangshao Culture, the single color of black pottery highlights its simple, deep, restrained and elegant beauty.

In the Neolithic Qijia culture, about 2100-1450 BC, the classic pottery is red pottery.

Qijia Culture is a culture from the late Neolithic Age in the upper reaches of the Yellow River to the early Bronze Age, which developed after the Majiayao Culture.

The main sites are located in Qing, Gan and other places.

The pottery of the Qijia culture is unique, and its representative shapes mainly include amphora and so on.

Don't look at these simple shapes, it seems that the production difficulty is not high, but if you really do it well, it is really beautiful.

(End of this chapter)