Cutting 1719

Chapter 391 Heartbeating Numbers

Ernst smiled, with a look of admiration on his face. Obviously, he still marvels at such a genius's pioneering work.

"A few questions like the one asked by Mr. Tsuisuke were also questioned by everyone at the time. After all, no matter for anyone, 150 Dutch guilders can be regarded as a lifetime savings, and this is definitely not a small number!"

"In order to solve these problems, the Dutch thought of a way at that time, which was to establish the world's first stock exchange - the Amsterdam Stock Exchange. This exchange stipulates that the shares of the joint company can be traded in it. That is to say, you can use your own money to buy other people's stocks, and you can also sell your own stocks and exchange them for money!"

"Essentially, United's stock represents the confidence people have in him to do business with—if the company does well, many people will buy their stock, causing the stock price to rise, and vice versa. Prices are also volatile and trend-changing.”

Ernst smiled, "This solves two problems. First, people don't need to wait ten years. As long as they sell their stocks at a high level, they can directly obtain future profits; if the joint company loses money, it will The stock price of the stock will also drop, so those who hold the stock should also bear the same proportion of losses."

The Chief Assistant Ning Zhongjing heard this, but he sighed, "The wisdom of these Dutch people is really extraordinary, so there are people who cancel speculation, it is really possible to buy low and sell high, and get more benefits."

"That's right, in addition, in the process of stock trading, the government can also collect part of the tax and related handling fees, and the Dutch government at that time expanded the trading scope to the whole of Europe, making the Netherlands earn a lot of profits, like the British For the national debt alone, the Netherlands can earn more than 2000 million Dutch guilders a year, which is more than 500 million taels of silver.”

"Five million taels of silver?!"

All the people present exclaimed, this is frighteningly high, because the overall military expenditure of the Fuhan Army this year is only 300 million taels, and the 500 million taels is more than one-third!
On the contrary, Ning Yu, who came from a later life, feels no pain or itching for this figure. It's not that he doesn't know how much money 500 million taels is, but it's because it's just a drop in the bucket of capital power.

At this time, Cui Wancai said again: "What the great scholar Ernst said surprised me. This method can indeed collect funds, but I don't understand, what does this have to do with the bank?"

Ernst explained patiently: "Senior Minister, this method of financing the whole society has great risks in itself, just like what I just said, it is self-responsible for profits and losses, which will make many people choose to wait and see or give up this kind of stock. Investment—so it is difficult for it to absorb too much idle funds, and the efficiency of absorbing funds will gradually decrease.”

Ning Yu sighed softly, "So at this point, we need a special bank to revitalize the idle funds of the people and make full use of them."

"bank?"

Everyone here is not a fool, when Ning Yu mentioned this step, they quickly understood that the court's funds are not enough, but the bank has money!

Ernst nodded, "This is also a very great pioneering work. The Dutch soon established a bank in Amsterdam to open standardized currency accounts for merchants, so that they can use interest to attract idle funds and deposit them in the bank. Lending to merchants and earning the interest rate difference in the middle.”

"In order to ensure that the loan can be paid normally, they have created a 'credit' concept, which is to use a complex judgment system to give loans to companies and individuals."

Having said that, everyone understands the operating idea of ​​this system, and can't help but applaud the wisdom of the Dutch people. This set of ways of doing things almost runs through the entire system of society.

Ning Yu nodded lightly and said: "Today's Ning Chu, if he wants to concentrate resources to do things, he needs to master this set of rules. In this matter, our bank has to take the lead and set an example.”

The people present quickly understood that the imperial court encouraged everyone to establish a bank. It's just that everyone hasn't fully understood the routines inside, so although everyone is greedy for the profits inside, they dare not act rashly.

"The imperial court will soon promulgate the banking law to open the banking system to the private sector. You can all participate, but you need to abide by the relevant regulations of the China Banking Regulatory Commission. First of all, the central bank, as the bank that issues currency, will not participate in this business for the time being. The remaining state-owned banks, as well as private banks, can begin to accept private deposit and loan business."

"However, participating in the banking industry is not just a matter of putting up a brand name. In order to ensure the safety of funds, all banks participating in the deposit and loan business in Dachu must deposit a liquidation deposit of 100 million silver dollars in advance at the Central Bank. At the beginning of next year, a quarter of the fund it absorbed in savings in the previous year will be supplemented as a liquidation deposit to prevent fund security problems.”

One hundred silver dollars?Isn't that 100 million taels of silver!
Speaking of which, everyone here represents the family behind it. Although 100 million taels of silver is a lot, it is not impossible to get it out, but after it is taken out, it will be difficult to go back in the future, so I can't help showing embarrassment.

Seeing that everyone was silent, Ning Zhongxin, chairman of the China Banking Regulatory Commission, said softly: "Theoretically, this money is handed over to the Central Bank, but the money is still yours, and it only exists as a deposit. If you don't plan to open a bank, you can go through liquidation. In addition, if your banks encounter difficulties in turnover, the central bank will also provide part of the loan.”

Deng Boran, the governor of the central bank, has fully understood that the existence of the central bank is strictly speaking focused on the issuance of currency and financial regulation, and it can be regarded as a bank of banks.

Of course, this regulation is a process, and it does not happen overnight. According to the plan of Ning Yu, Ernst and others, it is natural to first support a group of state-owned banks and private banks, mainly for private deposit and loan business, and then let the central bank start to choose Gradually withdraw from the private deposit and loan business to complete this transformation.

As the representative of the imperial consortium, Cui Yu naturally would not remain silent at this time, and said softly: "The original Ning's Bank will be spun off and reorganized into the Industrial Bank. loans to enterprises with certain conditions.”

As the chief assistant, Ning Zhongjing also said softly at this time: "The State-owned Assets Management Department will also establish three state-owned banks to jointly collect savings, but the loan business still needs further discussion."

After all, it is a state-owned bank, so it must be much stricter in granting loans, otherwise, once there is collusion between inside and outside, it will be a big deal, so this is not surprising.

With both the royal family and the cabinet expressing their views, the representatives of the remaining major clans and provincial chambers of commerce also showed their sincerity, nothing more than supporting the imperial court's plan, but they did not each open their own bank, but Several partners work together to carry out banking business together.

After everyone expressed their views, Ning Yu smiled meaningfully at Deng Boran, the governor of the central bank, "Master Deng has gained a lot today. According to the current situation, a total of eight banks will be established, and 800 million taels of silver can Not a small amount of money."

Deng Boran, the governor of the central bank, quickly said in a soft voice: "Your Majesty is joking, among them, 100 million taels belong to the royal family, 300 million taels belong to the Ministry of Finance, and 400 million taels belong to the big businessmen. The central bank is just keeping it temporarily. "

"Hahahaha. You are very knowledgeable."

Ning Yu shook his head, looked around at the crowd, and then slowly said: "Everyone, you still have two months, after two months, I have a big deal to hand over to you, it's a favor to you all." A little support."

"Big business?"

These words made everyone a little confused, especially for representatives of various ethnic groups and chambers of commerce, the 300 million taels they paid today was still a bit painful, so they were particularly concerned about Ning Yu's words.

Ning Zhongxin, chairman of the China Banking Regulatory Commission, chuckled, and nodded to everyone: "You should know that these eight banks today will receive the first batch of banking licenses from the China Banking Regulatory Commission, which in itself is something to be celebrated. "

In fact, what Ning Zhongxin said is not false at all. Right now, because of the first batch, there is no limit requirement for bank licenses. Therefore, in theory, everyone can open one today, but in the future, especially Ning Chu’s. After the financial order is stabilized, it will be impossible to issue bank licenses casually. At that time, the status of these eight banks will naturally be different.

Of course, the most prominent of these are naturally the four banks of the royal family and the cabinet, which can eat most of the meat, while the other four banks can only eat the remaining small pieces of meat. People who join in can only drink soup
Ning Yu nodded, and then said softly: "The big business I want to entrust to you is the first batch of national bonds that I, Ning Chu, will issue soon. The total amount is 1000 million taels, and the annual interest rate is [-]% for five years. The annual interest rate is [-]%. This batch of national bonds will be broken down among your banks, and the major banks will claim their shares and sell them."

When they heard that the interest rate was [-]% and [-]%, everyone looked a little surprised, not because it was too high, but because it was just within the acceptable range of the market, and I felt that it could still be seen. If it is lower, I am afraid that I will not even be interested in listening.

In fact, in this era, there are only usury loans in the market, so if you really want to pay interest if you have spare money, the annual interest rate is usually 30.00% or even higher. From this perspective, [-]% of the national debt Eight can't do it at all.

But the problem is that the market naturally lends money and it is easy to fail to recover the principal, and the possibility of bad debts is very high, so there is a bad debt rate.The national debt is different. As long as Ning Chu is still there after five years, the money is real money, and there is no need to worry about defaulting on the debt. Therefore, the interest is worth looking at, at least it is suitable for large-scale investment.

Of course, the royal family and the state-owned banks will naturally not think that the money is short, but they are also afraid that the national debt will not be sold, so this interest rate is also a figure that Ning Yu and Ernst have studied for a long time.

And the other people also looked at each other, with a hint of embarrassment in their eyes. If someone else said six to eight percent, I am afraid that everyone would not want to look at it, but the national debt underwritten by Ning Chu is different. , safe and stable, at least there will be no compensation. And 1000 million taels of silver, the ten-year interest is 80 taels per year, and ten years is 800 million taels.
A number that can make people's hearts beat
(End of this chapter)