Daming: Old Zhu, we agreed not to rush!

Chapter 175 Scholars, farmers, businessmen, the law of the ancestors is immutable
"Let's not talk about this anymore, let's continue talking. Where did the sermon come from?"

Su Jing shook her head, throwing away the messy thoughts in her head.

Now I'm trying to explain Lao Liu's confusion, so I have to talk about it.

"Young Master Su, you just said that the revolutionary change in industry is the cause of the change in social form."

Liu Bowen replied.

"Ah."

Su Jing nodded and said: "That's right, the surplus value created by pure agriculture is no longer enough to promote social change."

"Then industry is the next direction of its development. Lao Liu, think about it. If one day, some kind of utensils appear, such as textile machines, the current textile machines need to be driven by human power, although they are faster than pure handwork. Quite a lot, but in the end it was done by human beings.”

"In the future, the textile machine does not need people to step on it. It can weave non-stop at twelve hours a day, and the fabric weaves is fast and good. One textile machine can equal the production efficiency of dozens of textile workers. , When that time comes, what will happen.”

Su Jing briefly described the phenomenon of the European Industrial Revolution.

After all, our land of China was directly blasted by ships and cannons during the transformation of feudal society.

It is not the path of normal transformation, and it is not suitable for explaining.

"A loom like this?"

There was a look of surprise in Liu Bowen's eyes.

Because the textile machine Su Jing described is simply a fetish!

Is there really such a thing?

Liu Bowen was skeptical in his heart, but seeing Su Jing's indifferent expression, he felt that no one could be sure about the future.

He has personally experienced the power of the imperial examination.

These two thin lenses can make his eyes see clearly again.

If it can continue to develop, maybe there will be a textile machine like Su Jing's description.

"Old Liu, don't worry about whether the textile machine I mentioned actually exists, but think about what will happen after you have it."

Su Jing knew that for the people of the Ming Dynasty, it was not an easy task for them to understand and accept the modern textile machine.

However, Su Jing's focus is not on this, all he needs to do is treat this as a known condition.

"Okay, Master Su."

Liu Bowen nodded and said after a little thought: "By then, there should be a large number of female textile workers unemployed."

"If I were the owner of a textile factory, I would naturally choose such a textile machine instead of textile workers."

Su Jing smiled and said: "Oh, I didn't say the cost of this kind of textile machine, are you so sure, old Liu?"

Liu Bowen said: "Mr. Su, although I have never done business, Mr. Liu, I still know some business skills."

"Even though this kind of loom is very expensive, as long as the loom works long enough, I can earn it back. More importantly, with this loom, I can lower the price when I recruit weavers again." gone."

"At that time, these textile workers will have to face competition with textile machines."

Having said that, Liu Bowen suddenly understood something.

He frowned, and said to Su Jing, "Young Master Su, you mean, when there are a large number of such objects similar to textile machines, there will be an industrial revolution?"

He didn't know how to describe it, so he used the word revolution that Su Jing said before.

"Old Liu, very good, you have begun to understand."

Su Jing nodded, feeling quite shocked when Liu Bowen directly said the word "industrial revolution".

But Liu Bowen was puzzled again: "Mr. Su, but the Ming Dynasty is based on agriculture, and farming is the first priority."

"Mr. Su said that it is a merchant, and a merchant is the lowest. Since ancient times, there has been no successful precedent for a merchant."

The status quo of Ming Dynasty does not yet have capitalism.

In other words, far from capitalism.

The thinking of the people is farming!
Land is always the most important thing.

Doing business is a kind of inferiority from the ideological point of view.

Putting modern textile machines in Daming might not cause much disturbance.

Liu Bowen still thinks deeply. Peasant uprisings have existed since ancient times, and there are successful precedents.

Zhu Yuanzhang is ready-made!
According to Su Jing, the revolution must be an earth-shaking change.

Merchant, unworthy.

Su Jing looked at Liu Bowen and said: "This is the status quo of Ming Dynasty, or the status quo of our unified dynasty in China."

"Old Liu, why do you think there is a saying about scholars, farmers, businessmen?"

Su Jing asked Liu Bowen.

Liu Bowen thought for a while and replied: "In "Guanzi·Xiao Kuang", it was said: "The people who are scholars, farmers, businessmen, and the four people are the people of the country."

"Huainanzi·Qi Su Xun" said: People do not concurrently serve as officials, and officials do not concurrently work. Scholars, farmers, businessmen, and townships are different from each other. This is why farmers and farmers speak forcefully, scholars and scholars speak and act, and workers and workers talk skillfully. , business and business words."

"Since the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, scholars, farmers, and commerce have flourished."

Liu Bowen still reads a lot of books, and he remembers them clearly.

Su Jing nodded with a smile and said: "Then what do you think, why are farmers at the top and business at the bottom?"

Liu Bowen was taken aback for a moment, as if he hadn't thought why Su Jing would ask such a question, but he still said: "Food is the most important thing for the people, and filling the stomach is always the most important thing. Farmers cultivate the land and produce food, which naturally has to be ranked first. The first one."

"Businessmen seek profit, buy low and sell high, and don't engage in production, so they naturally rank at the bottom."

A very standard answer, and it is also the answer in most people's minds.

Su Jing shook her head and said: "Old Liu, it shouldn't be, with your brain, you can't think so plainly!"

At the beginning, Liu Bowen made wonderful remarks continuously, which raised Su Jing's expectations of him.

This led to Liu Bowen's answer at the moment, which made Su Jing a little disappointed.

"Well, Mr. Su, am I wrong?"

Liu Bowen said a little strangely.

Su Jing immediately said: "Not really, it's just too simple."

"I also ask Mr. Su to explain my doubts for me."

Liu Bowen said seriously.

Just a scholar, farmer, businessman, Liu Bowen really didn't think of too many things.

Su Jing paused and said, "Old Liu, remember what I said about productivity and surplus products yesterday."

Liu Bowen nodded immediately.

Su Jing continued: "Isn't the root cause of the implementation of the "Scholar, Agriculture, Industry and Commerce" is the lack of productivity?"

"Farmers work, produce food, and feed the entire country is already the limit."

"There can't be many people from other industries, because if there are more, the food production will not be enough."

"But what about when there is excess production capacity? There are too many surplus products, you don't need all the land, you don't need so many farmers, and the grain production is already enough?"

"At that time, can farmers still rank first?"

Liu Bowen was taken aback by Su Jing's rhetorical question.

He really hadn't thought about this problem, because since ancient times, there has never been a time when there was enough food.

Even in the heyday of the Han and Tang Dynasties, famines still happened from time to time in various places.

How is this possible?
What Su Jing said was somewhat beyond his common sense.

"Master Su, if it is true as you said, wouldn't someone starve to death?"

Liu Bowen asked Su Jing.

No one will starve to death.

This.
Su Jing suddenly thought of the previous life. The food production in the world was completely enough to feed the entire population, but there were still many people suffering from famine in the world.

"No, Lao Liu, no matter how much food there is, some people will still starve to death."

Su Jing shook her head and said.

Liu Bowen reacted quickly, and immediately knew that what he said just now was a little too naive.

Not long ago, Daming had a disaster relief food corruption case.

Food production alone is not enough if no one is to starve to death.

Su Jing continued: "Productivity determines the relationship of production. With the continuous development of society and the advancement of science and technology, productivity will continue to increase, which will lead to changes in the relationship of production."

"It's like the future textile machines I just mentioned, as well as the future surge in food production, are all the result of the development of science and technology."

"But for Daming, or for the entire feudal dynasty, this is not inevitable."

"Old Liu, do you know why?"

Su Jing asked Liu Bowen again.

Liu Bowen frowned, thought for a while, and replied, "Because Daming has no science?"

Hit the nail on the head, quite accurate.

Su Jing nodded and said: "That's right, Lao Liu, because in a feudal society, the ruler not only ruled the territory, but also ruled the mind."

"The Ming Dynasty was a unified dynasty, or in other words, since the Qin Dynasty in our land of China, all the unified dynasties have been born continuously."

"Such a dynasty naturally has a vast territory and strong national power, but it is also extremely powerful in imprisoning the thoughts of the people."

"There is also the ideological shackles of Confucianism that are incomparably suitable for the ruler, it is simply a unique gift!"

"Science is difficult to develop in the condition of imprisoned thinking."

Speaking of this, Su Jing was filled with righteous indignation.

He has also studied history, and now he has traveled through the Ming Dynasty, knowing that our ancestors have made many amazing discoveries and the germination of science.

But in the end, they were all killed.

On such a road of governing people, we go further and further.

From Su Jing's point of view, Confucianism is the first major issue to bear the brunt.

Listening to Su Jing's words, Liu Bowen was shocked by the content of those ruling the territory and ruling thoughts.

"Master Su, isn't Confucianism bad?"

Liu Bowen asked Su Jing. Liu Bowen is also a master of Confucianism, so he always felt that Su Jing's evaluation was a bit biased.

"Then it's up to Lao Liu what you think is good."

Su Jing said indifferently: "In terms of governing people, Confucianism is the way, but in terms of science, Confucianism is a wrong way."

govern people.

science.

Liu Bowen was a little puzzled by Su Jing's words.

Su Jing continued: "The development of science is a process from scratch, which requires the innovation of thinking and thinking, while Confucianism only allows us to learn from the sages, to understand the meaning of the sages, not to think about innovation, regardless of innovation. .”

"With Confucianism as the leading factor, how can there be any scientific development."

"Simply put, Confucianism emphasizes conservatism.

What the patriarch said is right, and what the patriarch does must be learned.

Unlike the words of the patriarch, you can't say, and you can't do what the patriarch has not done.

Thoughts are always stuck in the way they were just born, and future generations are always looking backward.

And science, the most important thing is innovation!
We must keep moving forward and keep looking forward.

It requires the exploration and creation of the unknown world and the spirit of adventure.

This is contrary to the traditional Confucian thought, everything is arranged step by step according to the ancestors, and there will never be mistakes.

For example, Confucius has always advocated the restoration of the Western Zhou Dynasty, which is a clear proof! "

Su Jing talked eloquently, but also let go of the chatterbox.

This belittled Confucianism in the Ming Dynasty, which was actually quite a bold thing.

But Su Jing's interest is high, so it doesn't matter so much.

Liu Bowen listened carefully to Su Jing's complaints, from being puzzled at the beginning to gradually understanding.

Su Jing seems to say that there is really no problem.

Liu Bowen is not the kind of Confucian scholar who can only read dead books. Although he also respects the sages, he has not reached the point of belief.

Those who can advise Zhu Yuanzhang to fight for the world are naturally impossible to follow the old ways.

So this will give rise to a considerable sense of identification with what Su Jing said.

Confucianism is a great suppression of science.

At this time, he thought of the imperial examination that Zhu Yuanzhang had asked before.

Stereotyped selection can only be answered with the words of the sages, and it is forbidden to have your own ideas.

"Master Su, does this imperial examination hinder the development of science?"

Liu Bowen asked Su Jing.

Su Jing was taken aback for a moment, she didn't expect Liu Bowen to be able to contact the imperial examination.

"That's it."

Su Jing nodded and said: "But the imperial examination itself is not a mistake, but the core of the imperial examination today. It is already for the unification of thought."

"Under certain historical conditions, the imperial examination is undoubtedly a great pioneering work, and it can be regarded as a huge innovation in itself."

"It's a pity that this innovative product is being used to keep the old. It's ironic."

For the imperial examination itself, Su Jing actually didn't think it was a bad thing.

The selection of talents allows ordinary people to have a channel for class transition, and the talents of the country are better discovered.

At the same time, it also makes people willing to read and learn knowledge.

It's just that the stereotyped method of imperial examination is undoubtedly a great ideological harm.

"Things that are innovative, used to keep old"

Liu Bowen muttered to himself, thinking carefully about the imperial examination regulations that Zhu Yuanzhang told himself not long ago.

It is exactly the same as what Su Jing said, it is entirely for the purpose of instilling Confucianism into the minds of scholars.

Everything is solved with the words of the sages, and the thoughts have always been the thoughts of the sages.

The sky is big and the earth is big, and the ancestors are the biggest.

The laws of the ancestors are immutable.

"Master Su, Lao Liu has been taught."

Liu Bowen cupped his hands towards Su Jing with a solemn expression.

He really learned a lot and felt deeply.

Su Jing waved his hand and said: "It's a bit of a joke, let's talk about the transformation of the social form."

"In our land, if science cannot develop, new productivity tools will not appear, and productivity will not increase, so new social forms will naturally not appear naturally."

"It is nothing more than the constant cycle of the rise and fall of the dynasty. Of course, the premise is that there is no external force to break the foundation."

(End of this chapter)