Reborn and become a Great Scientist

Chapter 112 60 Nominations for the Nobel Prize

Once a person gets old, it is easy to hurt the spring and autumn, and miss the past.

Old Prague is actually nine years older than Rutherford, and he is also an old man who is over sixty years old this year.

Chen Muwu abided by the traditional Chinese virtues of respecting the old and caring for the young, showing a very polite manner and listening carefully to his teachings.

Until the old Prague, after a period of nostalgia for the decline of British physics, said the following words to him.

"Chen, this year, I intend to write to the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to nominate you for this year's Nobel Prize in Physics.

"I think that whether it is the scattering of gamma rays or visible light, or the design of experiments to verify the conclusion that electrons have wave properties, they are all worthy of a Nobel Prize in Physics, and even one is not enough. If your experiment is slightly Do it slowly, maybe you can get a second, third..."

The old Prague knew the Nobel Prize very deeply. He only mentioned Chen Muwu's experimental achievements, but never mentioned the various theories he made.

This is because although the Nobel Prizes in 1921 and 1922 were awarded to theoretical physicists Einstein and Bohr respectively, the next time the Nobel Prizes are awarded to theoretical physicists in the original time and space, Davidson-Germot will have to wait in the original time and space. The Nobel Prize judges will let de Broglie take the physics prize by relying on the theory of matter waves after he and Thomson Jr. proved that electrons have wave properties through experiments.

The same is true of Heisenberg, Schrödinger and Dirac. If the positron predicted by Dirac in his equation was not accidentally discovered by Anderson in the United States, the three of them only rely on the theory of a few matrices or equations. It is absolutely impossible to win the Nobel Prize in Physics.

But Chen Muwu has no time to consider the question of which is more important, theory or experiment, because just now, the first sentence old Prague said at the end had already deeply shocked him.

Are you about to be nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physics?

It's not that Chen Muwu didn't think he could win the Nobel Prize.

In his last calculation, he is likely to win the 1927 Nobel Prize in Physics, which is the one that replaced Compton in the original space-time.

How come now, more than three years earlier than he planned, he has already been nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physics?

This really made Chen Muwu feel a little unbelievable.

However, if you think about it again, Compton won the award not because he proposed a theory that explained the scattering of gamma rays, but because he found recoiled electrons in the cloud chamber, and proved by experiments that light does have Particles.

And now I not only use experiments to prove the particle nature of light, but also use experiments to prove the wave nature of electrons, and add an experiment of visible light scattering. The three major experiments can basically fully satisfy the Nobel Prize jury at this time. Chair Olivia's academic aesthetic, too.

"Thank you, sir. It is an honor to be nominated by you."

Chen Muwu never forgot to express his gratitude to Old Prague.

However, he thought again, if he wanted to compete for the award this year, besides Old Prague's nomination, shouldn't he also hint to the other former winners who could be nominated to the jury?
But in doing so, will it appear that he is too utilitarian?
……

Besides Old Prague, Chen Muwu also met Bridgeman who came from America.

He basically came straight to Chen Muwu as soon as he arrived at the meeting place, after greeting those famous master-level seniors.

Because he once had a Chinese doctoral student under his command, he did not have any prejudice against Chen Muwu, who is also Chinese, but was very enthusiastic.

After some polite greetings, Bridgman still told Chen Muwu that many physics colleagues in the United States wanted to meet him, especially his big boss Professor Duane in the Harvard laboratory.

Because Chen Muwu published his first paper at the beginning of last year, although Compton scolded him for being a bloody sprinkler, Duan had to agree with Chen Muwu's theory after repeating the scattering experiment.

Moreover, the discovery of the Yellow Emperor Star by Chen Muwu at the beginning of this year also sparked a stargazing craze in the United States.

While people are enjoying the prosperity of Coolidge, many families are willing to spend a few dollars to buy a telescope with a low magnification for their children, so that they can experience the influence of astronomy from an early age.

Bridgman very much welcomes Chen Muwu's visit to the United States and hopes that he can take back the speech he made in "Time" magazine.

Chen Muwu felt that Bridgeman, who has always been in the ivory tower, had a wrong feeling only because of the polite and personable Chinese students he saw in the university. He might not know how the world perceives Chinese people today. .

But he didn't want to say a few more words to correct his opinion, so he could only smile and fool Bridgeman's words.

……

The venue is basically full of respected physicists, and there are not many young people.

In addition to the trio of Chen Muwu, Blackett and De Broglie from Cambridge, and the son of the Brillouin father and son who came to Belgium from France with them, there is a family from Switzerland. Zurich is the youngest.

At first, because of their age, the group didn't even think about saying hello to this young physics colleague. Instead, they gathered around Mrs. Curie, hoping to be introduced by de Broglie, who, like Rutherford, Say hello to the founder of radioactive physics.

Chen Muwu stared at the notebook on the table in front of Mrs. Curie, and suddenly remembered that it was said in a popular science article that the notebook used by Mrs. Curie in the laboratory was still radioactive after more than 1000 years.

When he was wondering whether to wait for the adjournment, he reminded Mrs. Curie that when she was asked to do the experiment again, she must take good personal protection.

Or simply apply for a speech at the conference, and just tell the physics colleagues briefly about the harmfulness of radioactive substances to the human body?
Not only did Madame Curie suffer from the root cause of the disease due to radiation, causing regenerative anemia, her teacher Rutherford also died young when he was in the prime of life.

Although Chen Muwu couldn't remember clearly, whether it was because of radiation or by smoking too much for Rutherford.

……

After the chairman of the conference, Lorenz, finished the opening speech of the Solvay conference, the participants were invited to speak on the stage.

Because the meeting schedule is very tight, everyone's speaking time is limited to no more than 10 to 10 minutes, and then [-] to [-] minutes are allocated for discussion by everyone on site.

After Lorenz's introduction, Chen Muwu found out that the peer who was a few years older than they ignored in the morning was actually Schrödinger from the University of Zurich. Same function as a Solvay meeting, will act as clerk at this meeting.

After the adjournment, did you also go up and ask this cat abuser whether he has cats or not?

……

In the first two days of the conference, the process of the conference was very serious, completely following the theme of the conference, and many people took the stage to talk about what they had discovered in metal conductance.

At this time, more than ten years have passed since Professor Camerin Onnes of Leiden University discovered the phenomenon of superconductivity in 1911.

Therefore, more than half of these lectures are about superconducting phenomena and temperatures of various metal elements and alloys.

Chen Muwu was actually not very interested in these things. After he wrote down a phrase in his notebook, such as "Meissner effect", which was unclear to others, he continued to hide in a corner of the venue, polishing his plans for the meeting. The paper that was read.

The reason why he didn't sit with his teacher was not because Rutherford sat in the center of the venue, surrounded by all kinds of big shots, but mainly because these people like to have a few sips when they have nothing to do. At that time, the location in the venue was always celestial, as if entering the Heavenly Palace of the Jade Emperor.

The place where Chen Muwu is staying is not only far away from the center of the cloud and mist, but also has a certain amount of air circulation, keeping him as far away from tar and nicotine as possible.

……

From the morning of the third day of the meeting, the content of the meeting is no longer limited to the issue of metal conductivity, but allows everyone to speak and discuss freely.

That afternoon, Chen Muwu finally got his chance to speak on stage for 10 minutes.

Since he had already met with most of the physicists present on the first morning, Chen Muwu's reappearance did not cause much surprise to the audience.

Although the time was tight, Chen Muwu still used the first few minutes to remind colleagues that when conducting radioactive experiments in the future, they must do a good job in personal protection.

He doesn't expect all the people in the meeting to listen to his heart, but as long as one person listens to what he said and can make corresponding improvements and precautions after returning to the laboratory, then his move will not be in vain .

After saying this, Chen Muwu got to the point.

"Ladies and gentlemen, more than half a month before I came to Brussels, I followed my classmate Stoner in the Cavendish Laboratory for more than half a month on the outer electron shell and orbit of the nucleus. experiment.

His paper based on the experimental results will be published in the Journal of Natural Sciences next month. Regarding the content of this experiment, I will give a brief introduction here:  …

"...

“为什么一个电子亚层中，最多可以有2(2L+1)个电子，却只能最多有(2L+1)条轨道？我想我已经找出了一个答案。

"That is to add a fourth quantum number on the basis of the principal quantum number n proposed by Bohr, and the angular quantum number l and magnetic quantum number m proposed by Sommerfeld.

In an atom, there can never be two or more electrons of the same family, for them all their quantum numbers are equal in the external field.If an electron is present in an atom whose quantum numbers have definite values ​​in an external field, then this state is said to be occupied.

"This is my inspiration from the atomic solar system model proposed by my teacher Rutherford..."

Chen Muwu, who spoke on stage, still did not forget to flatter his teacher.

"...although this model has been superseded by the more advanced Bohr model, I was inspired by the fact that the earth revolves around the sun while simultaneously rotating on its own axis."

"I compared the extranuclear electrons to the earth, and the fourth quantum number, I think, should be the spin of the electron."

(End of this chapter)