Reborn and become a Great Scientist

Chapter 167 Chapter 115

"After I won the Nobel Prize, I was in Copenhagen, Denmark, and I was interviewed by many journalists.

"Among the journalists interviewed, there was a reporter from the New York Times from the United States.

"Shortly after the interview, they sent me the newspaper for the day the interview was published.

"And I just happened to see an article in the newspaper that day by Edwin Hubble, an astronomer at the Mount Wilson Observatory affiliated with the Carnegie Institution.

"Dr. Ha revealed a very interesting thing in that article.

"He carried out professional measurements and calculations on several Cepheid variable stars in the Andromeda Nebula and other nebulae, and concluded that the distance between these stars and our earth is far higher than the radius of the Milky Way.

"Then this result shows another point, that is, these nebulae are not within the Milky Way, but should be independent star systems outside the Milky Way.

"In other words, the universe we live in should be much larger than the Milky Way we live in.

"I was so interested in his article in the New York Times that I sent a telegram to Dr. Hubble asking for specific measurements.

"That's what's on the slide now as you can see."

Chen Muwu did what he said, he did not use Hubble, but really helped him to publish the experimental observation results at the Nobel Prize awarding ceremony.

After he announced the result at the awards ceremony, the audience present had a lot of discussion.

Although there are basically few astronomy professionals present, many people have always thought that the Milky Way is the entire universe.

Now they suddenly heard from Chen Muwu that there are other galaxies outside the Milky Way, which made them feel very novel.

Chen Muwu pointed to the data on the slide, and continued: "Dr. Hubble sent me a total of [-] sets of nebula data, all of which are listed here.

"Bringing these rotating galaxies that we used to call 'nebulae', another thing suddenly occurred to me.

"That is, more than ten years ago, another astronomer in the United States, Vesto Siriver of the Lowell Observatory, also observed these galaxies.

"What Mr. Sliever observed was not the distance of these galaxies from us, but the observation that except for a few galaxies, most of the galaxies are moving away from our earth.

"After more than ten years of observations, in 1917, he gave the receding speeds of more than 20 galaxies away from us. I have also dug out these data from the data and listed them on another slide."

Chen Muwu nodded to the staff to help him switch to the next slide.

"Fourteen of the seventeen galaxies observed by Dr Hubble are present in Mr Sliever's data.

"So I was idle and bored, and made a connection of the same galaxies that appeared in these two sets of data.

"Then I discovered a very amazing phenomenon, the moving speed of these galaxies is basically proportional to their distance from us.

"In other words, the farther a galaxy is from us, the faster it is moving away from us.

"This phenomenon suggests that our universe is not static, but is expanding."

If it is said that when it was pointed out that there are other galaxies outside the Milky Way, people were just a little curious.

Well, when Chen Muwu expressed his point of view, the audience was finally shocked.

Because this completely overturns the simple and static view of the universe that people have established since ancient times.

Chen Muwu didn't give everyone time to shock:

"Everyone, everyone, please be calm and calm. The organizer only gave me 10 minutes to speak, so please wait until I finish speaking before you start discussing, thank you.

"Now let's go back to the question at the beginning of the speech, that is, the point that made Harley very puzzled, why is it dark?"

"Time is limited, I will only list one of the reasons.

"These data now show irrefutably that our universe is expanding.

"That is to say, the distant stars are constantly moving away from us, and the light they emit will also continue to move in the direction of longer wavelengths, which is the so-called redshift.

"Note that this redshift is not a Doppler redshift, but precisely because the universe is expanding.

"The wavelength range of visible light for us humans is short and limited, and we can only see visible light in the wavelength range of about 770 to [-] nanometers.

"The light from those distant galaxies has long been redshifted into infrared rays that we can't see, or even microwaves with longer wavelengths, after they have worked so hard to reach the earth.

"That's why at night after the sun goes down, we feel that the sky above our heads is dark.

"Maybe, we may be able to detect these infrared rays and microwaves propagating from the depths of the universe in the future.

"At that time, it will be more able to explain the phenomenon that the universe is constantly expanding.

"That's why I said that Dr. Einstein introduced the cosmological constant term in the gravitational field equation in order to limit the universe to maintain a constant static state. Perhaps at a later time, we will find another term for this cosmological constant. reasonable guesses or explanations.

"But for the present case, the cosmological constant is completely unnecessary.

"This may not be considered a mistake made by Dr. Einstein. It can only be said that he has been influenced by human beings' wrong view of the universe, so he made a wrong choice."

Although Chen Muwu talked about astronomy, the physical and mathematical calculations involved were not complicated.

It was only now that Bohr realized that Chen Muwu had indeed declared war with Einstein, but the battlefield where they fought was not in the microcosmic quantum mechanics, but in the vast and boundless universe, where they debated on the general theory of relativity.

Although it is not a big deal to watch the excitement, Bohr still feels that after the award ceremony is over, the conflict between Chen Muwu and Einstein must be reconciled, so that the two of them cannot turn against each other.

After revealing the conclusion that the universe is expanding, Chen Muwu, who stood on the podium, did not intend to stop his speech.

He continued to talk about his violent theory: "Since the universe is constantly expanding, then I thought of another thing.

"If we start to trace back the process of the entire universe at this moment, what will we find?

"As time continues to go backwards, the scale of our universe should be getting smaller and smaller. That is to say, if time goes back to a certain moment, perhaps the entire universe will shrink into an infinitely small universe. point.

"This is to say that the entire time regression ends abruptly at this point, and before this moment, there is no universe and no time.

"This point is the origin of the universe, and this moment is also the origin of all time.

"In my country, there is such a myth and legend:
"It is said that a long time ago, there was no sky and no land in the world, and everything was condensed together, like an egg.

"There is a person sleeping in the egg, and his name is Pan Gu.

"Pangu suddenly opened his eyes one day, he reached for an ax and split the whole egg into two from the inside.

"The light part of the egg gradually rose and became the sky, while the heavy part that remained descended and became the earth.

"The sky grows ten feet higher every day, and the earth sinks ten feet lower every day.

"Pangu was afraid that one day, the sky and the earth would merge into one again, so he stepped on the sky above his head and stepped on the ground. The distance between the sky and the earth became farther and farther, and his height became longer and longer.

"The name of this story is 'Pangu's Creation of Heaven and Earth'. Although it is just a myth and legend in ancient my country, I think it is very similar to the origin of the universe that was deduced through the expansion of the universe.

"So I call the process of the universe from a point with infinitely large mass and infinitely small volume to what we are now called the 'Pangu's process', and the time when he transformed from that point to the universe time, call it 'Pangu's time'."

The word big bang is ugly, and it can easily remind people of some bloody and violent scenes.

In contrast, the word Pangu's time is much cuter, isn't it?

Chen Muwu really never forgot his mission of cultural output.

"This is the end of my award speech. Thank you for your patience in listening, and I would like to thank the Nobel Prize Committee again for awarding me this year's Nobel Prize in Physics."

Chen Muwu bowed a few times to the surrounding audience, and then left the stage of the city hall.

Although he himself was calm and calm, it seemed that nothing had happened.

But the audience on the field was experiencing a shock no less than an [-]-magnitude earthquake.

Chen Muwu said that the universe is constantly expanding, but now he says that time has an end!

The theological implications of this point of view are too strong.

Now who has the mind to continue to listen to the next Nobel Prize winner in Physiology or Medicine Einthoven's speech?

Everyone was whispering and discussing in their seats, and not leaving immediately was the greatest respect for another Nobel Prize winner.

Only the reporters at the press booth ignored it, and Chen Muwu really did not deceive them, and indeed delivered a shocking acceptance speech.

So these reporters left their seats one after another, in order to spread this news to the rest of the world as soon as possible.

……

Premiere of Henry Kimball Hadley's New Opera "Nights in Old Paris" at the Metropolitan Theater in New York

"Chancellor of the Exchequer Winston Churchill writes to Prime Minister Baldwin dissuading from strengthening the defenses of the Singapore colony, arguing that Great Britain will never live to go to war with Japan on the other side of the world"

"No.20 Four Nobel Prize Awards Ceremony Held Recently in Stockholm, Sweden"

"Chinese Physicist Chen Muwu Receives Prize in Physics, Dutch Physician Einthoven Receives Prize in Physiology or Medicine"

Someone Smarter Than Dr. Einstein Declared Einstein Made a Mistake? "

"Who's the Smartest Man in the World?"Chen or Einstein? "

"Did the Universe Have an Origin?"Our reporter conducted an exclusive interview with Eddington Fellowship"

"Light of East Asia!Chen Muwu won the first Nobel Prize in Physics for Asia"

"Dr. Nishina Yoshio in Europe talks about Chen Muwu: He pointed out the future development direction of physics for me"

……

On the second day after the acceptance speech was published, news with various headlines appeared in major newspapers around the world.

But most of these news are related to Chen Muwu's Nobel Prize winning speech.

Hubble has been counting the days on his fingers these days.

He had already seen what Chen Muwu said in an interview with reporters in Malmö, a port city in Sweden, that he would announce a major research result to the world.

Hubble thought to himself, Chen Muwu is indeed a gentleman who keeps his word. This major research result is probably because the Andromeda Nebula he observed by himself should be in a galaxy outside the Milky Way, right?
So on the second day after the Nobel Prize awarding ceremony, he even got up early in the morning and waited at the newsstand outside the Carnegie Institute, just to get the latest newspapers as soon as possible and see if Chen Muwu was on schedule. Published the results of his research to the world.

Hubble saw the word "universe" on the headline of the news, but what followed was not "there are other galaxies outside", but "is there an origin?".

Is this different from what you said?Could it be that Chen Muwu improvised and changed the content of his speech to something else?

Hubble randomly grabbed a handful of coins, "grabbed" a newspaper at a price much higher than the selling price, and read the article carefully.

Only then did he realize that Chen Muwu hadn't lied to himself, and had indeed mentioned Hubble's astronomical discoveries in his speech.

Chen Muwu just went a step further on the basis of his research, and put forward a point of view that "there are other galaxies outside the Milky Way", which is even more surprising.

Siriver's research on the speed of nebula recession may be a little strange to Europeans on the other side of the Atlantic.

But in the American astronomy community, his research results have long been recognized.

So when Hubble finished reading the full text of Chen Muwu's acceptance speech in the newspaper, he immediately ran back to the database, dug up the previous data of Sliever, and compared it one by one according to what Chen Muwu said.

Soon after, Hubble came to the same conclusion as Chen Muwu, that the farther the galaxies are from the earth, the greater their receding speed.

Hubble sighed with emotion at the same time that Chen Muwu's knowledge reserve in astronomy and keen intuition were able to link these two research results together in such a short period of time.

He picked up the phone and booked a ticket to the train station.

Hubble decided to rush back to the Mount Wilson Observatory in California immediately, wanting to make more observations and research on Chen Muwu's conclusion.

He didn't even want to go to New York to attend the New Year's Day meeting of the American Astronomical Society, arguing with those old-fashioned astronomy masters about the boring question of whether Andromeda is a nebula or a galaxy.

Obviously, the matter of the expansion of the universe attracted his interest more.

Unlike Hubble, most intellectuals who have received systematic education still do not accept the expansion of the universe proposed by Chen Muwu.

The view that the universe is infinite and unchanging has long been ingrained in their brains, and it is not easy to suddenly change it now—even though Chen Muwu has listed more than a dozen sets of data to prove it.

……

Chen Muwu's Nobel Prize speech even alarmed people in religious circles who had been incompatible with science before.

They even divided into two factions because of this, one faction criticizes Chen Muwu verbally, and the other faction believes that the "Pangu's process" proposed by Chen Muwu is an excellent evidence to prove the existence of God.

Some conservative religious people believe that Chen Muwu's statement that the origin of the universe is a point with infinite mass and infinite volume is completely unreasonable.

As stated in "Genesis", the universe should be created by God, definitely not the pagan Pangu lying in the egg.

But some religious people who are flexible and flexible think that Chen Muwu's viewpoint is not unreasonable, perhaps it is just a means by God to create the entire universe.

But that Pan Gu must not exist, if he must exist, he can only be an apostle of God.

The Holy See, trapped in the tiny Vatican City by the Italian government since the mid-nineteenth century, has even made some noise of its own about the Big Bang theory.

The staff of the Holy See revealed the news in the official newspaper of the Holy See, the Roman Observer, that Pope Pius XI wanted to invite Dr. Chen Muwu and Dr. Harper from the United States to Vatican City for a visit, and hoped that they could cooperate with the Holy See. The theologians sat down to discuss together, what is the origin and development of the universe.

Although he has completed all the official work for the Nobel Prize in Stockholm, Chen Muwu still has no free time to take a look at what is written in the newspaper.

Therefore, he also missed the opportunity to understand the dynamics of the British government. He did not know that Macdonald of the Labor Party had stepped down, and his old senior at Trinity College, Baldwin, had re-entered the administration of No. [-] Downing Street and formed the second Second Baldwin cabinet.

It is not important to know who will be the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. The most important thing is that Chen Muwu missed the news that Churchill was the Chancellor of the Exchequer.

This British fat man who loves smoking cigars and loves scissorhands, made the biggest mistake in his life. It did not happen during World War II, nor did it appear in the newspaper headlines that the judgment that Britain and Ben would never go to war, but happened in 1925 next year.

In order to restore the former glory of the British Empire before the First World War, Churchill forced the pound to return to the gold standard after he became Chancellor of the Exchequer.

His "patriotic move" was considered by later generations to be one of the main causes of the Great Depression of the world economy in the late 20s.

But Chen Muwu knew that if the pound returned to the gold standard and the U.S. dollar remained on the gold standard, the exchange rate between the two would reach a fixed one pound to four dollars and eighty-six dollars, much higher than the current real exchange rate.

If he had known the news of Churchill's coming to power, Chen Muwu could have asked his second brother to exchange all his net worth into British pounds before the implementation of the fixed exchange rate, and then make a small fortune.

It can only be said that Chen Muwu was lucky and shouldn't make such a fortune.

On the second day after he finished his entire schedule for the Nobel Prize, Prince Gustav Adolf, Crown Prince of Sweden, was finally able to have a good chat with the Chinese genius Chen Muwu.

Ever since Chen Muwu left for Stockholm, the Crown Prince of Sweden took him and Ive into his home.

It was just because they were afraid of disturbing Chen Muwu's preparation for his Nobel Prize speech, so the two of them didn't have a good conversation in so many days.

Even if Prince Gustav Adolf did not come to find him, Chen Muwu still wanted to ask the Swedish crown prince for help.

The meeting between the two was arranged in a collection room of this villa.

Calligraphy, calligraphy and paintings hang on the walls of the collection room, and the room is full of blue and white porcelain and bronzes, as well as other cultural relics from China.

Perhaps for the Crown Prince of Sweden, this scene is to express his importance to Chen Muwu.

But it caused Chen Muwu some discomfort.

Those cultural relics are silently reminding him that although he has achieved impressive personal achievements, the motherland far away in the east is still in the situation of "man is a knife and I am a fish".

"Dr. Chen, congratulations again on your winning the Nobel Prize in Physics."

A smile appeared on Chen Muwu's face: "Thank you, Your Highness the Crown Prince."

"The physical theory you put forward in your speech yesterday is very interesting, especially the Chinese allusion you mentioned named Pan Gu, which is the first time I have heard of it.

"The ancestors of your country really had the imagination to imagine such a wonderful fairy tale.

"And if it is true as you said, the universe we live in was only from one point at the beginning, then I think the ancestors of the Chinese people may have seen through the mysteries of this universe thousands of years ago."

Chen Muwu knew that the cultural output he had always insisted on was not useless.

You see, it's only been a short day, and a "Chinese culture lover" has already been caught?

"Mr. Chen, I am more curious about distant China now."

Only then did Chen Muwu recall that after the Paris Olympics, the Swedish Crown Prince had told him that he wanted to go on a field trip to China to learn more about oriental culture.

At that time, I advised him to build a Chinese culture school in Stockholm. I don't know what he is thinking now?

But he was too embarrassed to ask directly, so he could only make indirect remarks.

"His Royal Highness, I appreciate your interest in our country's culture and history. In fact, I would like to ask you something today.

"I heard from others that it seems that the islands near Stockholm are actually allowed to be sold privately. Decades ago, there was an old man named Kang Youwei in our country. Small island."

"There is such a thing, Chen. Do you also want to buy an island to build a villa? Then Stockholm is definitely a good choice."

Prince Gustav Adolf very much hoped that Chen Muwu could stay and be his neighbor.

"His Royal Highness, I am different from that man named Kang Youwei. I am not for my own enjoyment. I just want to buy a small island of moderate size and build a school on the island to help my compatriots learn advanced science. Knowledge.

"You also know that my country is still at war. At the end of this year, they just ended an army war that covered several provinces. In that environment, students can't study with peace of mind."

What he said was also an eye salve for the Crown Prince of Sweden, reminding him that the land in China is not peaceful, and it is serious to cancel the visit to China as soon as possible.

"That's why I thought, is it possible to build such a school abroad.

"I wanted to build such a school in the UK before, but after I came to Stockholm to attend the Nobel Prize award ceremony, I fell in love with this place deeply and wanted to choose the school here.

"I don't know if His Royal Highness the Crown Prince can help me with this, introduce government staff who can handle the matter of buying the island, and get to know me?"

After hearing Chen Muwu's question, Prince Gustav Adolf also laughed: "Chen, this is exactly what I want to tell you.

"You advised me not to travel to your country before. I didn't take it seriously at first. I didn't think your reminder made sense until I saw the war you mentioned in the newspaper. Guns are ruthless, I don't need to Go take the risk.

"You also told me at the time that the money from the trip could be used to build a school in Stockholm so that Swedish citizens can better understand Chinese culture.

"I've been thinking about this proposal recently, but I didn't expect it to coincide with your thoughts today.

"Then why don't we just run a school together? And you don't have to worry about the location of the school and the funds needed to build a house. Someone is willing to bear all the expenses."

　(woof.)
　　
　
(End of this chapter)