Beiyang 1917

In fact, the previous estrangement of the Zhiwanfeng faction within Beiyang has gradually disappeared with the continuous development and growth of the Chinese model army participating in the war within this year. Under Wang Geng's mediation, whether it is Feng Guozhang, Cao Kun, or Zhang Zuolin, these old bigwigs have found their place in the country's political life.

When it comes to ambition, none of the bigwigs directly affiliated with the Anhui and Feng Factions mentioned above used to be fuel-efficient, but over the past year, they found that their original vision and structure were too small compared to Wang Geng's. Looking back now, it's not worth mentioning at all.

When these former warlords, acting presidents, prime ministers, and army undersecretaries focused their attention on the complicated factional struggles and segregation of power territories in the country, Wang Geng's eyes were always on global perspective.

This Chinese model army that participated in the war in less than a year, with the official establishment of No.3, No.18 and No.19 divisions at the end of March, has now grown to twenty divisions and sixty mixed brigades , 20 people, the firepower and mobility are the best in the world.

This boy Wang Geng formed and trained this army, not at all for the purpose of overthrowing the Zhili lineage and unifying China. In his opinion, it will be a matter of course in the future. Used by great powers for hegemony!

This is the fact that those military leaders who have always supported and once opposed him in the ruling and opposition parties have suddenly discovered in the past few months.

Not to fight a civil war, to defend the country, to defend the country, this is the idea of ​​​​building an army that Wang Geng has instilled in all the soldiers of this model army participating in the war for a year. Especially in the past six months, this has gradually become the consensus of all soldiers in the north.

With the arrival of a new batch of U.S. military aid at the end of March, coupled with the U.S. equipment produced and delivered by China’s Xuanhua Arsenal, Wang Geng formed a new formation of the eighteenth, nineteenth, and twentieth participating armies. division.

At the end of February 1918, when Wang Geng's participating army launched the "Defend 2 and Recover the Homeland" military operation, four mixed brigades were deployed from Suiyuan and Chahar to Outer Mongolia, and four mixed brigades were deployed from Rehe and Jilin. Heilongjiang.

Suiyuan and Chahar each owed one brigade to supplement the original garrison areas of the above-mentioned eight mixed brigades.

By the end of March, with the enthusiasm for joining the army in March, the number of supplementary brigades formed by the recruits of the Nanyuan Army after enlisting in the army reached as many as eight brigades again. The best fighter on the western front was the Sun Liangcheng Armored Brigade temporarily organized by Wu Peifu.

Based on Sun Liangcheng's armored brigade, Wang Geng switched from a supplementary brigade in Nanyuan and Guo Songling's Fourth Division in Shandong to Bai Chongxi's No. In exchange for a cavalry mixed brigade from the division, the first armored division of the participating army was established, with two armored mixed brigades, one cavalry mixed brigade, one divisional armored regiment, one divisional 12mm heavy artillery regiment, and one engineering regiment.

With Sun Liangcheng as the commander of the First Armored Division and the commander of the Irkutsk Army Division, at the same time, a supplementary brigade of recruits from Nanyuan was added to Wu Peifu's Third Division. <God, Wang Geng transferred a brigade from Jiang Fangzhen's No.13 Division in Shanxi, together with Suifenhe's mixed brigade from Jilin, and Zhang Zhijiang's 49th Brigade formed the No.18 Division of the participating army. Zhang Zhijiang participated in the war Army No.18 Division Commander and Coastal Navy Division Commander, stationed in Vladivostok.

The fourth and fifth recruit supplementary brigades in Nanyuan were organized back into Jiang Fangzhen's No.13 Division and Zhang Zuoxiang's No.17 Division.

Wang Tingzhen's Seventh Division also contributed to conquering Boli. The Guozhigang brigade who played the vanguard, plus Wang Geng transferred the No.17 mixed brigade Sun Lianzhong from the Sixth Division of Fengtian Governor Li Jishen, plus the Suifenhe one from Suifenhe The mixed brigade in the north of Jilin formed the No.19 division of the participating army, the division commander Guo Zhigang, the No.19 division was stationed in Hailanpao, and Guo Zhigang also served as the Hailanpao army division.

Nanyuan's sixth supplementary brigade complemented the establishment of Fengtian Li Jishen's sixth division.

At the end of February, another mixed brigade from Jilin went north to make up for Wang Tingzhen's seventh division. Wang Tingzhen's seventh division returned to Harbin, and Zhang Zuoxiang's No.2 division was stationed in Boli. Zhang Zuoxiang also served as the commander of the Far East Military Region. Under the jurisdiction of the Hailanpao Military Division and Binhai Division.

The three divisions of the Far East Military Region were organized into the Second Army of the participating army, which was a major breakthrough in the formation of the participating army. In fact, Wang Geng was already preparing for the future and the big battle in the west, and Zhang Zuoxiang became the second army Jiang Deng was chosen as the commander of his No.17 Division at the same time.

The Second Army has jurisdiction over Jiang Dengxuan No.17, Zhang Zhijiang No.18, and Guo Zhigang No.19 Divisions. Although it is ranked as the Second Army, it is the first group army formed among the participating armies.

Zhang Zuolin, the chief of staff of the participating army, was grinning from ear to ear. Apparently, in New Beiyang, the Feng family came from behind and couldn’t do without Wang Geng’s support. The brothers Lao Zhang and Zhang Zuoxiang became one of Wang Geng's most loyal supporters and followers.

On the Eastern Front, the Li Mingzhong Division of the West Route Army also ushered in an expansion. Wang Geng formed a mixed brigade stationed in Manchuria from the Rehebei Mixed Brigade, the Xiong Shihui Division, and a recruit supplementary brigade northward from Nanyuan. The No.20 Division of the participating army, with Xiong Shihui as the commander of the No.20 Division and the commander of the Nerchinsk Army Division, garrisoned the Nerchinsk Army Division.

At the same time, a recruit brigade from Nanyuan was transferred to supplement Li Mingzhong's ninth division. Li Mingzhong was also the commander of the Chita military division and led the ninth division to garrison Chita.

The former Wu Peifu Department of the Third Division was stationed in Ulan-Ude. At the same time, the Third Army of the Participating Army was established, with Wu Peifu as the commander and the commander of the Baikal Military Region.The third division and the military district are stationed in Ulan-Ude.

The Baikal Military District governs the Chita Army Division and the Nerchinsk Army Division, while the Third Group Army governs the 20rd Division of Zhang Weixi, the [-]th Division of Li Mingzhong, and the No.[-] Division of Xiong Shihui.

As for the civil affairs of the three Irkuts Krai, the Baikal Krai and the Far East Krai, they will be temporarily replaced by the militarized management of the major military districts under the Northern Federal Autonomous Region. As for when the separation of the military and the government will begin, After the parliamentary elections in August are over and the revised constitution is passed, other arrangements will be made.

In fact, the purpose of the two signboards of the participating army's group army and the military region's team is to prepare for the military region's logistics and local armed forces, and the field group army's responsibility for national defense military operations and wars. As for the title of warlord, it will be thrown into history sooner or later. to the trash can.

In the future system discussed by Wang Geng, Duan Qirui, and Xu Shuzheng, the army will gradually separate from the civil affairs, and the civil affairs of each province will be managed by the provincial governors appointed by Zhong Yang and the provincial governments formed by him, while the elected provincial assemblies will act As far as the legislative and supervisory functions in the province are concerned, in the future, when the min zhu system is perfected, the provincial governor will also be elected. Of course, everything is still far away at this time.

At this time, the participating army has a total of two group armies and one armored division stationed in the entire Northern Federal Autonomous Region, with a total of seven reorganized divisions with a strength of 21 troops.At the same time, Tekt, Tulun, Irkutsk, Ulan-Ude, Shilok, Chita, Nerchinsk, Mogocha, Skovorodino, Hailanpao, Khabarovsk, Vladivostok The field airport is also rapidly under construction.

These airports are almost every [-] kilometers, which makes the entire Northern Federal Autonomous Region of China not only connected by the Siberian Railway and road network on the ground, but also weaves a huge network in the air.

For the vast land of Siberia and the Far East, relying on the dh4 reconnaissance bombers of the participating army air force for air patrol and survey mapping has become an indispensable and effective means. It can even be used directly to track the traces of Soviet and Russian guerrillas and sweep them from the air. And bombing, the results are quite brilliant, no matter how fast people and horses run, how can they compare with airplanes, especially when they are on the vast snowy field.

Also at the end of March, in addition to the establishment of three new infantry reorganization divisions and a brand new armor division formation, there was a wave of enthusiasm for reclamation, gold panning and immigration in the newly recovered Northern Federal Autonomous Region of China in mainland China.

Land tax is exempted for three years, and the reclaimed land will be owned by the individual after five years of cultivation. Each person is limited to no more than [-] mu of self-cultivated land. The land exceeding [-] mu per capita will be bought by zhengfu. It is paid with the newly issued seven-year Northern Development Bond by Zheng Fu, which is the basic land management method of the Northern Federal Autonomous Region.

In addition to the three frontier regions of the Northern Federal Autonomous Region, the scope of the above-mentioned land regulations has also been extended to Outer Mongolia, Suiyuan, Chahar, Rehe, Jilin and Heilongjiang.

In addition, the "[-] Rent Reduction Regulations" was fully extended from the original pilot provinces to all provinces controlled by the participating troops north of the Yellow River!

A series of such policies were implemented from April 1918, 4. While further improving people's livelihood, a wave of immigrants went north to seek gold and reclamation from south to north. Immigrants went north to take the train not only for free of fares, but also for travel expenses. , and can obtain subsidies and loans for seeds, farm tools, and housing construction paid by the local government after arriving at the reclamation destination.