Rebirth of Zhu Di's son

Chapter 50 Draft Reform Regulations for Imperial Examinations

"Before the reform, the rural examination was a local examination held by the Zhili Prefecture and the provincial government Yuan. It was held at the seat of the Zhili Prefecture and the provincial government. It was held every three years in the years of Zi, Mao, Wu, and You. It was also called Xiangwei."

"After the restructuring, the rural examination is still a local examination, but it is organized by the provincial education bureau. The examination location is in each prefecture and county seat. It is held once a year. The examination venue is located in each middle school, and the examination period remains in autumn and August. .”

"Unlike in the past, students selected for the Imperial College can directly participate in the joint examination, so only the provincial examination students will participate in the provincial examination."

"Before the restructuring, there were two examiners, four co-examiners, one person promoted, and several other officials who presided over the provincial examination."

"After the restructuring, due to the increase in the number of candidates, several schools in Changke Academy served as examination rooms to conduct examinations at the same time, and the number of people in each examination room was reduced. Therefore, each examination room only has two examiners and two co-examiners."

"The examiners are all temporarily appointed by the lecturers of the local regular college, and the assignment of examiners is also determined by drawing lots to avoid cheating. Moreover, the regular college that is set as an examination center will also have two additional examiners and three co-examiners."

"As in the past, the provincial examination will still be divided into three sessions, but the time will be changed to August [-], [-] and [-]."

"Those who passed the provincial examination are called Juren, commonly known as Xiaolian, and No. 1 is called Jieyuan. Those who passed the provincial examination are still called Yibang, and they are still called Yike."

When Zhu Yuanzhang heard this, he slowly opened his eyes and added: "We remember that because when the results of the rural examination were released, the sweet-scented osmanthus was fragrant, so it was also called Guibang. It seems that after the results of the rural examination were released, some local officials would also host a deer roaring banquet. , we sang the poem "Deer Ming" and danced the Kuixing dance during the dinner."

"Dad is right. After the restructuring, the local government education bureau will host the Deer Ming Banquet, and the banquet expenses will be fixed."

Zhu Di's mouth went dry as he spoke, and he swallowed lightly and continued.

"On the third day after the banquet, the Provincial Education Bureau will, according to the arrangements of the imperial court, send the candidates to various regular academies in the province for five years of study."

"Changke Academy, that is, the Great Hall, belongs to the imperial government and is located in the capital, provincial capitals, and prefectures. Only those who pass the provincial examination can enter the academy. The students are named by the public, commonly known as Xiaolian, and the schooling lasts for five years."

"In the first two years, you will learn all nine subjects. From the third year, you will choose one subject to specialize in, and in the fourth and fifth years, you will study your major. Before the examination, candidates apply for subjects based on the majors they have studied. During the examination, they only need to take one of the corresponding subjects. Just try it.”

"In order to meet the nine subjects of the imperial examination, the middle school that trains students has nine compulsory courses, while the regular academy that trains candidates has nine courses."

"Each subject in Changke Academy has several categories. For example, the Department of Arithmetic and Mathematics has many categories such as arithmetic, inquiry, alchemy, theory, and astronomy. Each category is divided into several professional subjects, such as inquiry. The lower level is divided into optics, mechanics, acoustics and other knowledge, and the lower level is divided into geology, topography, climatology, oceanography, etc."

"The academy is free of tuition and book fees, but personal living expenses such as room and board are paid by yourself. The academy allows students to repeat studies, but the upper age limit must not exceed 55 years old."

When Zhu Di said this, he remembered another thing and added: "Gao Xu mentioned later that the Imperial College was renamed the Imperial College of Permanent Sciences. From then on, the rank of the Imperial College students was equal to that of the Juren."

"Ah."

Zhu Yuanzhang made a sound to show that he was listening, and then closed his eyes again to rest.

"Therefore, after the restructuring, there are three categories of prison students: those who are students who study in prison are called tribute prison and Gongsheng, those who are officials' children are called yin prison, and those who donate money to prison are called regular prison. If these three types of prison students behave badly during their studies, they will be punished Removed."

At present, supervisory students can serve as officials, often as temporary substitutes for urgently needed positions, and thus enter the official career.Or you can take the national examination and obtain the title of Jinshi.

According to the idea discussed before by Zhu Gaoxu and Zhu Di, the imperial court will implement the integration of officials and local staff in the future, and hold a Ming Dynasty official examination in October every year, referred to as the official examination. Those who pass the official examination will become officials with a court salary and enter the officialdom. .

Candidates and supervisors can also directly take the Ming Dynasty official examination and pass the examination to become officials.

Because the "Ming Dynasty Officials Examination" was too involved, Zhu Gaoxu only briefly mentioned a few sentences in the draft of the imperial examination reform regulations without going into details. Therefore, Zhu Di did not mention it at this time, but skipped it.

“Students from Changke Academy will be assigned to serve as temporary affairs officials in various towns and villages according to the education bureau’s training plan in the first year of the last two years and the first half of the second year in the academy to accumulate service experience. "

"Any student who has studied in a local regular college for five years and has not made any major mistakes during his enrollment will receive a Juren name uniformly printed and issued by the Provincial Educational Bureau, and will officially receive the title of Juren. In the Imperial College The same is true for the students of Changke Academy, but their names are issued by the General Administration of Education of the Ministry of Rites."

"Students who have achieved the title of Juren can take part in the examination."

When Zhu Di said this, he paused for a moment. Seeing that Zhu Yuanzhang was still concentrating with his eyes closed, he continued to introduce.

"After the restructuring, the joint examination will be held once a year. Other changes have not been much. It is still a national examination hosted by the Ministry of Rites, also known as Li Wei. The examination period is changed to March in spring."

"Since the subjects of the imperial examination were changed to nine subjects, the examination was changed to nine sessions, lasting three days, held on March [-]th, [-]th and [-]th."

"Unlike in the past, due to the large number of people taking the examination, the examination venues are set up in various regular colleges across the country. Those who are eligible to take the exam are all those who have studied in regular colleges for five years."

"Different from before the restructuring, although the general examination is a higher-level examination, due to the shrinkage of the examination room and the increase in the number of venues, there are still two principals and co-examiners in each examination room as in the provincial examination, but the ones selected as the examination center are often The College of Science and Technology also has two examiners and three co-examiners at the examination center.”

"Taking into account the different cultural levels in various regions, the education and training results received by students are also different. In order to be fair and just, the examination papers for each imperial examination subject designed by the General Administration of Education of the Ministry of Rites are specially divided into heaven, human and earth examinations."

"The Sky Scroll is more difficult, the Human Scroll is moderately difficult, and the Earth Scroll is the least difficult. Provinces with a backward culture use the Earth Scroll for exams, provinces with a prosperous culture use the Sky Scroll for exams, and those between the two choose the Human Scroll."

"Also, because the population of each province is different, the number of students who can participate in the examination is also different. Therefore, the final number of successful candidates in each province must be determined by referring to the overall examination level and number of students in the province."

When Zhu Yuanzhang heard this, he couldn't help but open his eyes and praised: "In this way, the imperial examination can take into account students from all over the world and eliminate the dispute between the north and the south. How wonderful!"

"Well, that's true." Zhu Di continued.

"The lower limit and upper limit of the admission quota can be preset in the early stage. For example, the number of successful candidates in each provincial examination shall be at least no less than [-]% of the total number of candidates, and no more than [-]% of the total number of candidates. After that, it will be adjusted once in the year according to the specific situation. Can."

"It seems that Gao Xu has worked hard before."

Zhu Yuanzhang nodded slowly and said, "Go on."

(End of this chapter)