History live broadcast: My audience is the ancestors

Chapter 182 Bi Sheng, Zhang Heng

My charming and short-lived ancestor:? ? ? In other words, is Yi Xing's "Dayan Calendar" really that great?

I send my love and the bright moon: I don’t know

I can’t sleep at night (Guan): It’s really awesome! It can be said that he has made great progress!

Who in the clouds sent me a brocade book: Yes! I remember there was this book in the history book
Wu Buyi said: Niubi! But to be honest, I’m not familiar with it!
My charming and short-lived ancestor: plus one!

Su Yue looked at the comments and said: "Okay, although we haven't mentioned the next person's words, we have mentioned his invention! So we have said it many times! He is the famous inventor of the Northern Song Dynasty - Bi Sheng!"

Bi Sheng (?-1051), born in Qishui County, Qizhou, Huainan Road (now Yingshan County, HG City, HUB Province), was an inventor in the Northern Song Dynasty of China and the inventor of movable type printing.

Bi Sheng was born as a commoner and worked as an engraver in a book shop in Hangzhou for a long time, specializing in hand printing.

In the practice of woodblock printing, in view of the difficulties of woodblock printing, in order to reduce costs and improve typesetting efficiency, he invented movable type printing based on summarizing previous experience.

His method died before it could be implemented.

His deeds can only be found in Shen Kuo's "Mengxi Bi Tan".

Bi Sheng's invention is a complete set of movable type printing technology. It is a sign that printing has entered the era of high-efficiency movable type printing from labor-consuming and time-consuming woodblock printing. It has far-reaching significance.

The invention of movable type printing was a fundamental reform in the development of Chinese printing and was also one of the four great inventions in ancient China.

Bi Sheng's movable type printing technology spread widely, and he is universally recognized as the first person to use movable type printing.

He has made significant contributions to the cultural undertakings of China and the world.

I send my thoughts to the bright moon: If he didn’t do it, wouldn’t there be so much homework?
My charming and short-lived ancestor: Impossible, it can only be said that it appeared later, it is impossible to say that it did not appear at all

Jiangnan is already in the mist: Yes, and because of this, more people have books to read. This is a good thing.

Wuduyi: I totally agree! We cannot say that we want history to change just because we don’t like it. This is idealism!

Wan Ning can’t sleep acridine (Guan): But to be honest, his method is easy to do, but hard to think about!
Community of Contradiction: Yes, otherwise someone would have figured it out before Bi Sheng

I send my thoughts to the bright moon: So, inventors are great, they are good at discovery and have a pair of wise eyes!

My charming and short-lived ancestor: couldn’t agree more! So Bi Sheng’s woodblock printing is one of the four great inventions!
I send my love and the bright moon: Oh! Nothing wrong at all!
Su Yue looked at the compliments in the comment area and said, "Okay, actually Bi Sheng's discovery of woodblock printing was a coincidence! Let's take a look!"

play house

Bi Sheng introduced his invention to his juniors.

A junior brother said: "There are more than 5000 volumes of the Tripitaka, and 13 wooden boards were carved, which cannot fit in a room. How many years of hard work was spent!

If we use senior brother's method, it can be completed in a few months.

How did senior brother come up with such a clever idea? "

"My two sons taught me this," Bi Sheng said.

"Your son? How is that possible? They only play house."

"You're right! Just rely on this 'playing house'."

Bi Sheng said with a smile, "Before the Qingming Festival, I took my wife and children back to my hometown to worship my ancestors. One day, my two sons played house and made pots, bowls, tables, chairs, pigs, and people out of mud. Queuing back and forth.

At that time, I thought, why don’t I also play house? Isn’t it possible to carve single-character seals out of clay and arrange them randomly to form an article? Isn’t this what my son taught me? "

The brothers also burst out laughing after hearing this. "But every child has played this house, and all the senior brothers have seen it. Why was it that you were the only one to invent movable type printing?"

The younger junior brother asked again.

At this time, the old master said: "Among your fellow apprentices, Bi Sheng is the most thoughtful. He has long been thinking of new ways to improve work efficiency! It takes more than a day to freeze three feet of ice. My fellow apprentices suddenly became enlightened.

Moon place names
According to the full moon image captured by Chang'e-2010, China applied for the naming of the moon to the International Astronomical Union for the first time in . The three impact craters on the moon were named Cai Lun, Bi Sheng and Zhang Yuzhe.

I miss the bright moon: Is this the difference between me and the inventor? Why do I feel childish when I see children playing house?
My charming and short-lived ancestor: you’re not the only one! But seriously, who could believe something so outrageous?

I send my longing to the bright moon: Anyway, I didn’t believe it before today

Who in the clouds sent me a brocade book: This is like Newton and an apple. If you are hit by an apple, you will only curse, while Newton is thinking about the gravity of the earth.

Wuduwuyu: Ahhhhh! I feel more and more like I am a waste!

I can't sleep at night (Guan): Waste plus one! That is to say, no one can think so deeply!

Huadiao Chicken in a Crock Pot: So he deserves to be famous and go down in history! This is what people eat!

I send my thoughts to the bright moon: I agree! Very much agree!

Su Yue looked at the active comment area and said: "Actually, because we have talked about the four great inventions before, we won't go into detail about Bi Sheng. Now let's take a look at the next one - Zhang Heng!"

Zhang Heng (78-139), courtesy name Pingzi, was born in Xi'e County, Nanyang County (now Shiqiao Town, NY City, HEN Province).

An outstanding astronomer, mathematician, inventor, geographer, and writer during the Eastern Han Dynasty.

In his early years, Zhang Heng traveled to study in Sanfu and entered Taixue to study. He refused to be appointed by Xiaolian and recruited by the government.

During this period, he was the head of Nanyang County for a time, but later resigned and stayed at home.

Until the fifth year of Yongchu (111), he entered Beijing in response to the imperial edict of Empress Dowager Deng and served successively as doctor, Taishi Ling, Shizhong, and Hejian State Minister.

In his later years, he entered the court and served as minister due to illness. He died in the fourth year of Yonghe (139) at the age of sixty-two.

In the Northern Song Dynasty, he was posthumously named Xi Hubei.

Zhang Heng was proficient in astronomy and calender, and created nine inventions and two scientific research achievements, including the world's earliest armillary sphere and seismometer. He [correctly explained the causes of lunar eclipses;

He put forward the view that "the surface of the universe is infinite, and the end of the universe is infinite". He was one of the representatives of the theory of armillary sky in the middle of the Eastern Han Dynasty. He wrote "Lingxian" and "Illustrated Notes on the Armillary Sphere", etc.;

Mathematics works include "The Theory of Calculation";
Literary works are represented by "Er Capital Fu" and "Guitian Fu". Together with Sima Xiangru, Yang Xiong and Ban Gu, they are also known as the "Four Masters of Han Fu".

Because of his outstanding contributions to the development of Chinese astronomy, mechanical technology, and seismology, he was hailed as the "Sage of Wood" and "Sage of Science" by later generations.

Due to Zhang Heng's outstanding contribution, the International Astronomical Union named a crater on the back of the moon "Zhang Heng Crater", and the 1802 asteroid in the solar system was named "Zhang Heng Star".

The original collection of essays has been lost for a long time. Zhang Pu of Ming Dynasty compiled "Zhang Hejian Collection".

Today, there is a compilation of "Collation and Annotation of Zhang Heng's Poetry and Prosecutions".