History live broadcast: My audience is the ancestors

Chapter 183 Su Song
My charming and short-lived ancestor: I’ll go! He is also a saint!

Who in the clouds sent me a brocade book: It’s normal! After all, Zhang Heng is really powerful!

Wuduyu: I remember that he and Monk Yi Xing spoke together, so who is the better one between them?
Jiangnan has been in mist: How can I put it, everyone has his or her own strengths! But I personally think Zhang Heng is awesome

I can’t sleep at night (Guan): All I can say is that they are amazing! And Zhang Heng made us hundreds of years ahead of the West in astronomy!
Fuling (Guan): It’s just part of the knowledge! But Zhang Heng is really awesome!
My charming and short-lived ancestor: that’s for sure! Yueyue, who is not very powerful, will not be brought out alone to talk about it.

I send my longing to the bright moon: This is true!

Su Yue looked at the comment area and said, "How powerful is Zhang Heng? Then let's see what he has done!"

Seismometer

In the first year of Yangjia (132 years), Zhang Heng was in Taishi Ling? During his tenure, he invented the wind-waiting seismograph.

armillary sphere

Based on the armillary sphere invented by Geng Shouchang of the Western Han Dynasty, Zhang Heng created an "armillary sphere" that was much more accurate and comprehensive than before, based on his own theory of armillary sky.

The leaking water-turned-armillary sphere is a water-transported muddy phenomenon.

Use a copper ball with a diameter of more than four feet. The ball is engraved with the twenty-eight constellations, Chinese and foreign star officials, the ecliptic equator, the north and south poles, the twenty-four solar terms, the permanent display circle, the permanent hidden circle, etc., to form a complete image, and then use a set of rotating machinery , combining the Hunyianxiang and the Clepsydra.

The clepsydra water is used to control the muddy image so that it rotates synchronously with the celestial sphere to show the diurnal movements of the starry sky, such as the emergence and emergence of stars and the midheaven.

It also has an affiliated mechanism, the Rui Lun Ming Cai, which is a mechanical calendar connected by a transmission device and the Universal Image. From the beginning of each month, one leaf grows every day; after half a month, one leaf falls every day.

The two-stage clepsydra it uses is the earliest known record of a two-stage clepsydra.

Zhang Heng once wrote an article after creating the armillary sphere.

The full text of this article has been lost.

It was only in the Liang Dynasty that Liu Zhao quoted a large section of it when he annotated "Lü Li Zhi" in the Book of the Later Han Dynasty and passed it down to the world.

Liu Zhao's note titled this passage "Zhang Heng's Armillary Sphere".

Calling it the "armillary sphere" may be a simplification made by Liu Zhao. In ancient times, the naming of instruments was not strict.

Although later generations standardized the term "armillary sphere" to specifically refer to observation instruments, before the Sui and Tang Dynasties, "armillary sphere" could also be used for performance instruments.

Rui Lun pod

The Ruilun pod, also known as the "Ruilun pod", is the world's first mechanical desk calendar.

It is an automatic calendar ingeniously created by Zhang Heng. It imitates the characteristics of the pods of the wonderful tree in mythology. It relies on the action of running water. Starting from the first day of each month, one leaf appears a day, and by the full moon, 15 leaves appear, and then another leaf is put away every day, until the end of the month. Until then, the cycle opens and closes.

This myth tortuously reflects the progress of the astronomical calendar during the reign of Emperor Yao. Zhang Heng's mechanical device was inspired by this myth.

It is said that "it waxes and wanes with the moon, rises and falls according to the calendar", and its function is equivalent to the date display in today's clocks.

guide car

The compass car manufactured by Zhang Heng utilizes mechanical principles and the transmission function of gears, and consists of a two-wheeled single-column car.

A gear system with automatic clutch is used in the carriage, and a wood-carved immortal is placed on the upper layer of the carriage shell. No matter which direction the car turns, the outstretched arm of the wooden figure points to the south.

Jili Drum Cart
The mile-metering drum car invented by Zhang Heng is a machine used to calculate mileage. According to the "Annotations to Ancient and Modern Times": "The cart has two floors, and there are wooden figures on it. The lower floor beats drums when traveling for one mile, and the upper floor beats bracelets when traveling ten miles."

The manufacturing method of the drum car is the same as that of the compass car, and the principle of differential gear used is more than 1800 years earlier than the West.

Solo wood carving
Zhang Heng makes wood sculptures of Solo Flying, which imitate the gliding wing design of birds soaring high in the sky.

topographic map

Zhang Heng also studied geography and drew a topographic map based on his research and inspection experience. Volume 3 of "Records of Famous Paintings of the Past Dynasties" by Zhang Yanyuan of the Tang Dynasty says: "Heng tried to make topographic maps, which still existed in the Tang Dynasty."

literature
Zhang Heng made a huge contribution to the history of the development of Han Fu. During his career as a fu writer, he comprehensively inherited the fu ideas and expression techniques of previous generations of fu masters.

The great Fu is derived from Sima Xiangru's "Zixu" from far away, and from Ban Gu's "Liangdu" more recently, there is "Er Jing Fu";
Sao Bin, we meet each other across the world. This is how bamboo and cypress have different hearts but share the same purity, and gold and jade have different qualities but are all treasures. "

My charming and short-lived ancestor: Ahhhh! Awesome!
I send my thoughts to the bright moon: It means that if his wood carving can be improved, it can be a prototype of an airplane, right?
Who in the clouds sent me a brocade book: I can only say that there is still a long way to go, but it is definitely a huge breakthrough!

Pay attention, this woman’s name is Xiaomei: Who says it’s not the case, but to be honest, at that time when these were regarded as miraculous tricks, it’s pretty good that Zhang Heng could make so many things.

The pig came to the bowl quickly: "This is true. We just see lines of text, but for Zhang Heng, this is his life's work!"
My charming, short-lived ancestor: nothing wrong with you! However, there were not many people in ancient times who could rival Zhang Heng in astronomy.

I can’t sleep at night (Guan): Indeed! I can't imagine what would happen if he had a telescope!
Wudubuyi: Then the West is definitely far behind us!

Su Yue looked at their thoughts about Zhang Heng and said, "The person below is my family member, Su Song, who has the same surname as me!"

Su Song (December 1020, 12 - June 10, 1101), courtesy name Zirong, was originally from Tong'an County, Quanzhou, Fujian Province (now Tong'an District, XM City, FJ Province), and later moved to Danyang County, Runzhou. Chinese official in the mid-Northern Song Dynasty, an outstanding astronomer, astronomical machinery manufacturer, and pharmacologist.
Su Song was born in a prominent family in southern Fujian. In the second year of Qingli reign of Emperor Renzong of the Song Dynasty (1042), he was promoted to Jinshi and awarded the title of Suzhou Observer and Promotion Officer.

After that, he worked in the palace for a long time, studied ancient books and paid attention to medicine.

After the sixth year of Jiayou's reign (1061), he made many visits to the region and made outstanding achievements. He was sent to the Liao Dynasty twice as an envoy and served three times as an envoy.

During the reign of Emperor Shenzong of the Song Dynasty, he participated in the restructuring of Yuanfeng.

At the beginning of Song Zhezong's accession to the throne, he successively served as the Minister of the Ministry of Justice, the Minister of the Ministry of Personnel, and the Minister of the Ministry of Education. In the seventh year of Yuanyou (1092), he was promoted to the Minister of Justice, Youpuse, and the Minister of Zhongshu, becoming the prime minister.

When he was in power, he was able to delegate tasks and ensure that all officials abide by the law and obey their duties. At the same time, he did not establish party support and maintained himself with etiquette, so he was able to serve as the prince's junior teacher after Zhe Zong came to power.

During the reign of Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty, he paid homage to the crown prince and was granted the title of Duke of Zhao.

In the first year of Jingguo's reign (1101), Su Song passed away at the age of eighty-two.

Received Sikong as a gift. Later, he was granted the title of Duke of Wei.

During the reign of Emperor Lizong of the Song Dynasty, he was given the posthumous title "Zhengjian".

Su Song was erudite and talented, and he knew everything about the theory of nine streams of classics and history, hundreds of schools of thought, as well as arithmetic, topography, mountain classics, materia medica, exegesis, and laws and regulations.

He led the creation of the world's oldest astronomical clock, the "Water Movement Instrument Platform", which pioneered the modern clock escapement.

Because of his outstanding contributions to science and technology, especially medicine and astronomy, he is known as "one of the greatest naturalists and scientists in ancient China and the Middle Ages."

There are "Ben Cao Tu Jing", "Xin Yi Xiang Fa Yao", "Su Wei Gong Wen Collection" and other works handed down from generation to generation.

Today, there is a compilation of "The Complete Works of Su Song".