A thousand-year-old family that began with the Battle of Makino

Chapter 496: Taikang's Rules and Regulations, New Han Dynasty Book Taikang's Prosperity

June
The "Jin Code" compiled by Sima Yan, which was in line with the Jin Dynasty, was officially completed, and was also called "Taikang Code" by the world.

"Taikang Code" was compiled by Sima Zhao, who was then Situ Jia Chong, in order to highlight his political integrity after he became prime minister.

It refers to the "Han Code" and "New Han Code" of the Han Dynasty and the "Xuanwu Code" compiled by Bai Jun, Fazheng, Li Yan and others in the previous dynasty.

It lasted more than 20 years, with the participation of famous officials such as Jia Chong, Yang Hu, and Du Yu, and was compiled and compiled by Zhang Fei, Bai Fu, etc. Finally, this year, it was handed over to Sima Yan, who sealed it. It became the standard for spellcasting in the Jin Dynasty.

Therefore, this law can also be called "Zhang Bai Law".

"Taikang Code" inherits the Confucian-based characteristics of "Xuanwu Code", emphasizes "prevention of strict etiquette, and accurate five observances to control crimes", decentralizes the authority of criminal law to clans, and acquiesces to the clan's control over the clan's internal affairs. Lynching of tribesmen.

But it is also more relaxed than the previous laws. It cancels cruel laws such as "killing, beheading, clan execution, and sitting down", and emphasizes giving pleasure to prisoners.

"Taikang Code" has more than 20 chapters in total, including criminal names, laws, robbery laws, thieves laws, fraud, asking for help, impeachment, arrest laws, interrogation, prison sentences, miscellaneous laws, household laws, good fortune, destruction Death, Wei Palace, Water and Fire, Stable Law, Guanshi, Violation and Prince Law.

There are a total of 620 laws and regulations, with a total of 27,657 words.

It also proposed for the first time the intention of giving a lenient sentence to women, arguing that women largely lack autonomy and are influenced by others.

Among them, the Wufu System Crime was the first time that Confucian etiquette and law were identified as laws, which was called "incorporating etiquette into laws and paying equal attention to law and etiquette."

According to the different closeness of blood relationship and the different mourning uniforms among relatives, relatives are divided into five grades. From close to distant, they are: Zhan Shei, Qi Shei, Dagong, Xiaogong and Qianma.

The standard for judging whether a crime constitutes a crime and weighing the severity of the crime based on the five services is not only applicable to situations of mutual infringement and harm between relatives, but also used to determine civil rights and obligations such as support and inheritance.

However, there are still laws to protect noble families, that is, "miscellaneous crimes".

It means the general term for extorting a title, removing one's name, or removing one's official position to compensate for one's crime.

It is also the first official promulgation in history that strictly distinguishes "law" and "order". The clear-cut law enhances the status of righteous law.

It stipulates that "Law" is a code that focuses on conviction and sentencing, while "Ling" is a code that stipulates national systems.

The law is a fixed norm, and the order is a temporary system. Those who violate the order and are guilty will be punished according to the law.

In addition to "law" and "order", "Taikang Law" also has the term "story".

"Stories" refer to the "characters", "styles", and "regulations" that cannot be classified into laws and regulations but are often used, and are compiled and summarized into the government officials as examples and systems that can be used as reference.

Among them, "pin" refers to a grade, such as the ninth grade representing official rank.

It includes not only the levels in the family, such as the "Five Service Orders" mentioned just now, but also the levels of officials in the officialdom, such as the "Official Orders".

"Style" represents the document format, that is, the document procedure for conducting investigation, examination, trial and other procedures on a case. It does not refer to law in general, but to the norms, standards, models or formats related to a certain aspect.

For example, the "Household Regulation" was promulgated but had little effect.

The "Charter" is a measurement standard, which can also be said to be a law related to measurement.

It can also be divided into "Zhang" and "Cheng", "Zhang means Cheng", the discussion is turned into a chapter, and Cheng can also be called Pin, that is, grade, such as "Ten hairs are Cheng, ten Chengs are points, and ten are points." It's an inch."

For example, the horses, feet, inches, etc. specified for paying taxes, and the dendrobium, buckets, stones, etc. used for weighing grains are all officially stipulated by regulations and cannot be arbitrarily set by private individuals. Violators will be arrested by the government and convicted according to the law.

In other words, the relationship between "Laws", "Orders" and "Articles" is a progressive relationship. First, act according to the Articles of Association, then check the decrees promulgated by the court, and finally be convicted and sentenced according to the law.

Everything has rules to follow, everything has orders to look up, and everything has laws to follow. If you can't find any of the three, then act according to etiquette and law.

This is the so-called "story", also known as "routine".

With the promulgation of the "Taikang Code", the entire Jin Dynasty seemed to be on the road. Officials at the bottom dealt with civil disputes in accordance with the imperial laws and convicted and sentenced them.

Taikang four years
The whole world seems to be prosperous. There is no war on the border and no disputes in the Central Plains. Everyone is surrounding their own one-third of an acre of land, sweating and looking forward to a good harvest in the coming year.

Sima Yan, who was in Luoyang, received a gift from his attendant Bai Fu.

"I would like to congratulate your Majesty. From ancient times to the present, the emperors have only sought for civil and martial arts. Now your Majesty is fighting Xianbei in the north, pacifying Sun Wu in the south, pacifying the barbarians, and bringing peace to the world. This is a prosperous age rare in ancient and modern times.

Your Majesty is now well prepared in martial arts, but rarely in civil administration. In the previous dynasty, there were the Seven Sons of Jian'an and the Seven Sages of Bamboo Grove, but we have never heard of such people in this era. Is it because the talents are withered and the civil administration is weak?
The minister sneered at this, but it turns out that your majesty is obsessed with state affairs and has neglected to recruit talents. "

Sima Yan said with interest: "I wonder what Aiqing can do."

Bai Fu asked someone to bring up a box of bamboo slips, which looked to be quite old.

"I heard that today there are one Zuo (Zuo Si), two Lu (brothers Lu Ji and Lu Yun), two Pan (uncle and nephew Pan Yue, Pan Ni), three Zhang (brothers Zhang Zai, Zhang Xie and Zhang Kang), and three Bai (brothers Zhang Zai, Zhang Xie and Zhang Kang). Bai Cai, Bai Liu, Bai Qing's ancestors and grandchildren).

Isn't this the result of His Majesty's outstanding military rule?
But such people only exist among the people. Poems and poems may be passed down to future generations, but they are of little benefit to the governance of the country.

I brought historical books to your majesty, including Zhou's "Spring and Autumn", Han's "Historical Records" and "Hanshu", etc. Its name is "New Hanshu". It is the daughter of Cai Yong, a great scholar of the former Han Dynasty. Cai Wenzhao and the ancestor of the Chen family Written by Bai Yun based on Cai Yong's manuscript.

It inherits the "Historical Records" and records the events from the time Emperor Guangwu of the Han Dynasty established the tripod, to Dong Zhuo's political chaos, and to the previous dynasty before the tripod was established. It can be said to be another continuation of the work of historians. Congratulations to Your Majesty. "

"Oh?"

Sima Yan was very interested in this and asked someone to bring the book box up, pick up a volume and read it carefully:
"The ancestor of Emperor Guangwu was Taixiu, whose courtesy name was Uncle Wen. He was a native of Caiyang, Nanyang. He was the grandson of the ninth generation of Emperor Gaozu. He was descended from Changshading Wangfa of Emperor Jing.

···
Zan said: The epidemic is waning, and the thieves are moving to the country. Nine counties rushed back, and the three spirits were blocked by fog. People hate lewdness and deceit, and their thoughts turn against virtue. Guangwu was born, and Ling Kuang was born.

···The temple is bright and clear, and it is bold and majestic. Yu He has a destiny, which is related to my Han Dynasty. "

Sima Yan couldn't let go of the scroll, reluctantly looking away from it, and said to Bai Fu:
"It would be great if there is a style like "Historical Records" and "Han Shu". Now the world is at peace and the people are healthy. If this book comes out, our country, Jin Dynasty, will inherit the destiny of heaven.

According to my order, this book is included in Lantai so that it can be copied by the world. "

Then Sima Yan flipped through the book box a little, and with a thought in his heart, he asked Bai Fu:

"Can it record events since the previous dynasty?"

Bai Fu pretended not to know and said sincerely:
"My ancestor was sixty-seven years old and passed away in the second year of Xuanwu in the previous dynasty. He never saw the prosperous age of the Jin Dynasty. Otherwise, he would have praised his virtues and never stopped writing."

"Haha, Bai Aiqing, that's an exaggeration."

In fact, there are several volumes of this book, which Bai Fu has not handed over. They record the true situation of the warlords' melee since Dong Zhuo's troubled times that Bai Yun saw in his later years.

It is full of Bai Yun's judgment on the forces of all parties, and his comments on Sima Yi and Sima Shi who took refuge in Yanhan are really not good.

Bai Fu was afraid that if he took it out and let Sima Yan break his defense, he would be angered by him, so he took it out alone and put it away in a cabinet. The only things he handed over were things before Dong Zhuo's rebellion.

Speaking of the most famous scholars and talents today, we have to talk about Zuo Si, who is known as the leader of "Taikang Literature".

Zuo Si's family status in the court's evaluation was not high, so his official career was extremely bumpy and he was always in exile. In his early years, his "Qidu Fu" was well received by the world.

It wasn't until his sister Zuo Fen was summoned to the palace by Sima Yan that Zuo Si's official career finally saw the light, so he settled in Luoyang. After his career was stable, he decided to work behind closed doors and write an "Ode to the Three Capitals" (Yedu, Xindu, and Jianye). .

However, he felt that he lacked information, so he asked the court to offer him the position of Lantai Secretary Lang, who would manage books and books.

With the help of his sister, Zuo Si got what he wanted.

During this period, he learned that the Bai family had the best collection of books in the world, and its richness and classics were higher than those of Lantai, so he often visited Baifu and became friends with Bai Liu, one of the three Bais who lived in Baifu. The two often went out to play. Recite poems and compose poems.

Bai Liu's "Chao Ge Tie", which moved the capital, was the result of a collision of ideas between him and Zuo Siyou.

"Chao Ge Tie" is not only a piece of prose, but also a work of calligraphy. It has been widely praised and copied by the world, and even the thoughts of family and country contained in it have become the mainstream thoughts of scholars in the world.

And it was precisely because of Bai Liu that Zuo Si was able to visit Lantai, Baifu, Chaoge Baixue and other book collection locations, and found the most detailed information.

In the second year of Taikang, "Sandu Fu" was finally completed.

"Sandu Fu" was not taken seriously at first after it came out, but later it caused a sensation after being recommended by Huang Fumi, Wei Quan, Zhang Hua, Bai Cai and others.

For a time, scholars and talented women rushed to copy it, leaving a reputation as "Luoyang paper is expensive".

It was this "Sandu Fu" that made Zuo Si, at the age of forty, the first among the talents in the Taikang period.

In addition to Zuo Si, Lu Ji is also famous for his talents.

Unlike Zuo Si, who specialized in Fu, he not only made contributions to poetry and Fu, but was also a master of calligraphy and painting.

Therefore, a "Pingfu Tie" and "Painting Theory" fully describe Lu Ji's skills as a talented scholar.

However, when it comes to calligraphy, Bai Liu's uncle, Bai Cai, is still the most popular in the world.

One of his works, "Taihang Tie", became the object of copying by everyone in the world. It was the first choice copy for scholars when they first started practicing calligraphy.

Sanbai, Baicai, Bailiu and Baiqing are the three generations of Bai family's descendants. Each of them is a talented man who is good at calligraphy and poetry.

Bai Cai is the eldest and is the cousin of Bai Wangbiao. He is over 60 years old this year. He is a highly respected person among scholars. He is also an expert in contemporary medicine and Huangfu Mi. He visited Zhang Hua, the minister of the branch, on the spot and called him one of the three extraordinary talents of Taikang. .

Among them, Bai Cai is the "shujue". He was born in the Bai family of Bai Kingdom. He wrote "Taihang Fu" and suppressed his whole life with calligraphy;
Huangfu Mi was known as the "Medical Master" and was born in the Huangfu family of Yanmen. He was not only good at poetry, but also one of the most famous doctors after Zhang Ji, Hua Tuo and Dong Feng. He wrote "Acupuncture and Moxibustion Classics A and B", which is regarded as the holy book of medical doctors. .

Zhang Huahua, a "Fu Jue", was born in the Zhang family of Fanyang. His works such as "The Door Has Cars and Horses Traveling", etc. Although they are not large in length, their diction is unprecedentedly gorgeous.

People at the time commented that his article had "more affection for children than less turmoil", and it was hard to imagine that it was written by a minister of the dynasty.

Bai Qing, the youngest, is the young man with the best literary talent among the Bai family. At the age of more than 20 years old, he can write a piece of "A Journey on the River". The writing style and writing style are majestic and terrifying. , known as the "little white talent".

He has three talents in one discipline, and he is widely known only after traveling around the world. How many talented people are there in the Bai Kingdom? From this we can know Bai’s background.

(End of this chapter)