Lin Gao Qiming

Chapter 1550 Policies and Regulations
Then, the cadre began to explain the part of the civil law that was more closely related to the big households.

The most important thing is about slaves.Almost without exception, the big households brought a large number of slaves.In the Ming Dynasty, slavery was very popular—one person went out, and there were more than 20 house slaves with him——at the end of the Ming Dynasty, wars and famines were frequent, a large number of people were displaced, and the cost of slavery was extremely low.

The Senate did not welcome private slavery.In particular, the vast majority of slaves and maidservants in Chinese feudal society were used for family service, and had no output other than consuming social wealth.Moreover, slavery also allowed large households to directly control a large number of people, which was even more unbearable for the Senate.

Therefore, slavery was restricted legally in the Senate.Not only is the slave trade completely prohibited, but there are also various restrictions on the original slaves.Anyone who keeps slaves under the governance of the Senate must pay a one-time "servant registration fee" to continue to keep slaves, and then pay the "servant use tax" on a head-to-head basis every year.

This one immediately aroused the buzz of discussion below.What kind of royal law is this?If you buy slaves at home, you have to pay taxes to the government when you use them?And it has to be paid every year!

Wait, this is not the end: According to the law of the Senate, there is a quota for the number of slaves held by each household. If the number of slaves "exceeds the quota", the tax on the use of slaves must be collected according to the progressive system.That is, the more you save, the higher the tax rate you pay.

This policy is not only to reduce the number of slaves, but also one of the legal means to force large families to divide their households.In order to pay less tax, the original big family of several generations will inevitably consider dividing households to increase the quota of servants to avoid tax.

Seeing that everyone around showed dissatisfaction, Zhuo Yihang nodded secretly.Although he himself was born in a family of officials and eunuchs, his family also called slaves and servants.However, it is not in favor of keeping a large number of slaves for exploitation and slavery.

Although the Kun thief did not explicitly prohibit slavery, it actually greatly increased the burden of slavery and restricted slavery in a disguised form.It can be called a benevolent government - but this kind of benevolent government is too coppery.He admired and despised in his heart.

The cadre also said a lot of points to pay attention to in Lingao life, about half an hour before and after.Although it was not long, it was very clear.After speaking, Zhuo Yifan saw that he had said a few more words to Li Xiaopeng, and saw him take out a page from his briefcase and hand it to him. Li Xiaopeng stamped it, tore off half and handed it back to him.This cadre just left.

Zhuo Yifan secretly wondered: If it was given to a "personnel", it would be clear, what's the matter with stamping and tearing up the paper?

It turns out that this "preaching policy" is not free.It is not within the scope of the civil affairs department to teach legal education for rich people. The immigration policy of the Senate is to "open the door". People who come from the land of the Ming Dynasty are welcome, and there is no special preference for a certain type of people.So there is a fee as usual.The fee is naturally paid by Joan Inn.Li Xiaopeng stamped it, and the bill was the proof of payment.

Next, it was time for Li Xiaopeng's presentation.What he talked about was the most important thing for rich people: buying a house and land.

Needless to say, buying a house, whether it is a family immigrant or a "sly rabbit and three caves", it is necessary to have a long-term residence.In order to continue to maintain the traditional life of the whole family, plus the "Australian life" envied by his wife, young master and young lady, it is necessary to buy a land property.

But Li Xiaopeng's words once again poured cold water on them.The land policy here in Lingao is very complicated.It's different from Daming.In Ming Dynasty, as long as the land owner agrees to sell it, no matter what kind of land you bought before, you can basically do whatever you want after buying it, such as building a house, building a workshop, raising pigs, growing vegetables, or making a cemetery.Generally, no one will come to ask questions, let alone the city management and city appearance.Remnants of this laissez-faire system lasted until 1949.At that time, there were all kinds of livestock pens and poultry sheds in the majestic residential areas of Beijing, including pigs, sheep, cattle, chickens, ducks, and geese. The slaughter of pigs and sheep was also carried out openly on the streets of the city.As for the fact that there is a cemetery in the city, it is not worth mentioning for any city at that time.

Here in Lingao, the land is divided into various uses.According to another time-space land planning approach, the county's land is divided into different uses such as residential, industrial, cultural and educational, and agricultural.I ran to a place and saw that the feng shui was good, so I bought it as a cemetery, and bought a villa there because of its beautiful scenery. Under the rule of the Senate, if I wanted to build my own house, I could only buy residential land.It is simply impossible for private individuals to buy cemeteries and build cemeteries.

The residential land in Lingao is unfortunately very tight.On the one hand, the demand for the expansion of industrial and agricultural production, and on the other hand, the influx of a large number of migrants exacerbated this tension.In order to provide more housing for immigrants and alleviate the housing shortage, the Executive Committee has tightened its approval for the purchase of private residential land in order to reserve enough residential land for the construction of apartment buildings and dormitories for sale and lease.

Of course, people who want to buy land can also buy all their residential land from private hands, but there are very few aborigines who own private residential land. After all, the original population of Lingao is less than 4.The homestead they own is only a very small part compared to the senate who seized all the official land and wasteland in the county.

The housing shortage in Lingao not only caused the current residential land price to be extremely high, but also the only construction unit in the county: Lingao Construction Corporation was completely full of tasks, and wanted to buy the land and build a house by itself. above is impossible.

It is precisely for this reason that Li Sunqian's house business is so prosperous.It can be said that the real estate company opened by his family is the only one in the county that can provide houses that meet the needs of these large households and can also guarantee that the houses will be handed over within one year.

The problem of housing is okay. After all, the real estate company of the Li family can solve it. It is nothing more than a question of how much money to spend.But "buying a home" is far more difficult than "buying a house".

According to the way of thinking of the rich, buying land and collecting rent is naturally the safest way.In ancient Chinese society, land was always the property with the strongest ability to preserve value. It did not require complicated knowledge or expend a lot of energy, but its income was quite stable.In the event of war, hide the land deeds and leave. As long as the world returns to peace and the land deeds are returned, the government will accept the account regardless of whether the dynasty has changed. It doesn’t matter if all the tenants die, just recruit tenants.

Therefore, not only the rural landlords, but also the businessmen and court officials who made a fortune in industry and commerce did not think so.After getting the money, they will buy land and collect rent on a large scale.Even the Zheng family, the overlord of maritime commerce, bought a large amount of land and became the largest landlord in Fujian.

When the rich people ran to Lingao, they naturally had the same thoughts.However, at this briefing, they quickly discovered that this way was not working.

The Senate did not legally prohibit the tenancy system, so the past tenancy system can still operate according to the old habits.However, from a legal and economic point of view, many legal documents promulgated by the Senate have imposed many restrictions and suppressions on the tenancy system.

After the reform of the tax system, the practice of concealing land tax evasion and shifting the tax burden used by landlords is no longer feasible, and the strict implementation of progressive agricultural tax has made the burden on tenant landlords very heavy.The most unbearable thing for them is the senate's drastic reduction of the labor force.State-owned and privately-owned intensive farms, booming industrial and commercial enterprises have caused the original tenants to switch to other places.

There are many immigrants entering Lingao, but the distribution rights are all in the hands of Australians.Free immigrants had too many employment options to be willing to be tenants of landlords.

As a result, tenancy landlords found it difficult to maintain tenants on the land, and the attrition rate of tenants was high.No matter how much land the landlord has, it will be futile if no one cultivates it.To retain tenants, they have to provide better sharing ratios and tenant recruitment conditions.Land income plummeted—Tiandihui has now consciously stopped providing agricultural services to tenant landlords, and they will not be able to enjoy the benefits of agricultural technological progress at all.

In the end, the local landlords either sold their land to run industry or commerce, or hired Tiandihui, the largest “tenant” in Lingao, to manage their own land. There were very few landlords who continued to maintain the tenancy system.Especially the small and medium landlords, almost all of them were spared.

It is not too difficult for the newly arrived wealthy owners to buy land locally. Although there are relatively few cultivated lands that have been developed, there are many "undeveloped agricultural wastelands".It's rare how to operate it. It's obviously not feasible to solve everything by recruiting a few tenants.

So Li Xiaopeng proposed a package of investment solutions.

Those who don’t pursue income, those who don’t want to use their brains, can buy fields or “agricultural wasteland to be developed”, and then go directly to Tiandi to cover all or half of the package...

"Excuse me, Uncle Li, what is the explanation for the full package, and what is the solution for the half package?" Someone asked Li Xiaopeng after hearing what Li Xiaopeng said.The rich people attach great importance to the purchase of property - this may be related to their future survival and development in Lingao.

Li Xiaopeng explained that the so-called full package means entrusting the full power of the land to Tiandihui to manage it, and the landlord does not need to take care of anything.At that time, it will be charged according to the lease agreement.There is no need to invest a penny, and even the tax burden will be paid by Tiandihui.But in this case, the income of the landlord is quite small.

In the all-inclusive operation, Tiandihui will first collect service fees, and then develop wasteland, improve water and soil, purchase seeds and fertilizers, long-term workers and agricultural machinery expenses... until the final tax payment, all expenses incurred in operating the land will be charged. Deducted in advance from land harvests.The rest of the net income is shared with the landlord.Landlords can roughly get [-]% of the net income.

If the field is barren or simply wasteland, and the initial investment is large, then the landlord may not get any share at all in the first few years.

(End of this chapter)