Lin Gao Qiming

Chapter 338 Acids and Alkalis ([-])

The raw lacquer cut from the lacquer tree is almost not afraid of any corrosion, whether it is water, strong acid, or strong alkali.Lingao does not produce sumac, but Guangdong has many.The Industrial and Energy Commission imported some, and Xu Yingjie adjusted a large water tank to make it thick and suitable, and then soaked the straw rope in it to replace the asbestos rope and water glass.But he also paid the price—even though he took full body protection, he was still "bitten" on his hands.My fingers were swollen and I had to rest for several days.

Ji Situi picked up a jar at random and tried the screw cap: "This jar is good. We need to maintain long-term production. In the future, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid... will be in great demand for chemicals." Ji Situi said , "I still have an order for chemical equipment, please hurry up and organize people to make it."

"Do you want to do it again?" Xiao Bailang cried bitterly, "I haven't had a good night's sleep for three or four days. The ceramics factory only has a dozen laborers. This is too much work!" He took the list, and it listed More than 30 large and small water tanks of different sizes, and some other ceramics.

"Make such a water tank! Do you want to make pickles?"

"It has something to do with salt," Ji Sixui said, "It's all for engineering, so hurry up."

"Then give me some overtime pay. The ceramic craftsmen here have been busy working day and night recently."

"You can ask Wu De for overtime pay. Where can I get the circulation coupon?" Ji Situi was not interested in the welfare of the aborigines. "They burn kilns in Fujian day and night, and the kiln owner will give them overtime pay?"

"You capitalist are too black-hearted..."

Ji Situi interrupted his complaint: "I need this urgently, please hurry up."

After the jars were brought back, Ji Situi built a grass shed next to the sulfuric acid plant and slept for a while.In the evening, after 12 hours were up, he took care of people to dig out all the firewood with an iron drill, and immediately organized people to put a layer of gravel about the same size as ore in the furnace, and then put firewood in the four furnaces to ignite.

Seeing that the fire was getting bigger, Ji Situ told the workers to add high-quality Hongji anthracite, and the firepower suddenly became fierce, and the entire sulfuric acid plant was ablaze.

"Well, everyone, except those who watch the stove stoking the fire, go to rest. Come back to work in the morning after tomorrow!"

Seeing that he didn't have to bother himself this time, Ji Situ rushed to the next construction site - the caustic soda workshop.

The synthetic ammonia and joint soda factory can only produce soda ash.Caustic soda, which is widely used in industry, is relatively easier to prepare, and the raw material is also simple-salt electrolysis.Not only can caustic soda be obtained, but many useful by-products can also be produced, including another important chemical raw material: hydrochloric acid.It saves the need to install a special hydrochloric acid production line, which is the benefit of the chemical joint manufacturing method.

Even the Ministry of Light Industry has been staring at the issue of caustic soda - this is related to the two major products of the Ministry of Light Industry: white paper and soap.This time, Ji Situ simply settled it together.

"One sheep can be chased, and two sheep can be blasted too. I can work harder." Ji Sixui thought about walking to the caustic soda workshop.There happened to be a train delivering building materials to the caustic soda plant passing by.He quickly trotted a few steps, then climbed up, and sat down on a pile of reed mats.

"Who! Don't kill the train!" A man in a hard hat on the tractor in front shouted.

"Are you a train too?"

"It's not a train." As he spoke, the train had arrived at the construction site of the caustic soda workshop, which was under construction.

Ji Situi got out of the car, and saw that the person wearing the helmet turned out to be Bingfeng—it seemed that the workshop of the caustic soda factory must have a steel frame structure.

Sure enough, the caustic soda workshop is simple enough, but compared with the sulfuric acid workshop that is still exposed in the open air, it still has a cover—the electrolysis workshop involves electricity problems and cannot be exposed to wind and rain.The whole building is a frame structure of brick columns and wooden beams. Except for a few key parts with walls, all other places are open for ventilation.The precious and fragile transformers have a separate substation with glass windows for easy observation.

The total area of ​​the entire plant is about [-] square meters.The ground is paved with bricks.Chang Kaishen is leading Ling Tian and several indigenous apprentices to install a transformer: to convert the alternating current sent by Bopu power station into direct current, so that it can be used for electrolysis.

Ten electrolyzers have already been installed.Ji Situi originally considered purchasing ready-made ones, but the weight made him give up this idea. In the end, he only purchased the core components and purchased them in another time and space.The tanks are manufactured locally.The square troughs are formed by weaving steel bars and then poured with cement yellow sand. Each trough is 1.4 meters wide, 0.8 meters wide and 0.4 meters high.Lay tiles in the tank to prevent corrosion.A piece of barbed wire is inlaid flatly in the groove at a distance of 0.1 meters from the bottom of the groove.Each trough also comes with a wooden lid coated with wood tar pitch for corrosion protection.

The heavy steel and concrete electrolysis tank is supported by a hardwood plank, suspended on two brick bottom brackets, as a measure of insulation.

Ji Situ checked the quality of each groove, whether there was any water leakage and the tiles were not firmly laid.It was found that linoleum coated with wood tar pitch was laid between the brackets as an additional measure of insulation.It's always good to be careful -- 400 amps, it's no joke.

"Is this safe?" Ji Situi looked at this simple look.I really feel uneasy.

"It's generally safe, but I can't say it's absolute." Ling Tian said, "You still have to be careful when using electricity. Pay attention to wearing labor protection equipment, and do a good job of safety education."

"The pressure is so heavy." Ji Situi had already foreseen that the future of the chemical plant might not be peaceful, "The local method kills people."

He turned around again, and the chlorine gas absorption tower combined with water tanks outside the house has been set up. The chlorine gas produced during electrolysis reacts with the slaked lime in the tower to obtain bleaching powder.It is a cheap and effective disinfectant that can be widely used.

After returning from the caustic soda workshop, I took a rest for a while, and the work on the hot furnace was finally coming to an end.At this time, everyone who has some relationship with the chemical industry came.

"We're going to stay awake for two or three days." Ji Situi said, and asked someone to drag out a few boxes from the shed. "These are protective suits. I will distribute them to everyone first. Don't lose them! Now there is nowhere to find a mask or a pair of glasses!"

Ji Si took back a lot of various labor insurance products used in the chemical industry - there will be no place to replenish these things for a while.He brought enough wearing parts for almost ten years.

Everyone put on a full set of protective clothing, safety glasses and chemical masks.Then under the command of Ji Situi, work started.

Ji Situi first closed the blocking plate of the chimney, and then pulled away the drawing plate of the converter.Turn on the blower.He kept measuring the thermometers at each entrance with a thermometer.When the inlet temperature of the first converter reached 450°C, Ji Situ took care of opening the top cover of the converter and loading quartz sand and catalyst.Then put the top cover on, and spread it with acid-proof mud—water glass is not a rare thing with the soda ash industry, let alone porcelain powder, so Ji Si Tui has no intention of saving at all, so he put the two tops without hesitation. The lids are tightly sealed.

Seeing that he had sealed the top cover, Xu Yingjie led his men to add crushed ore to the furnace.20 kg per furnace.Then close the oven door.At the same time, 98% concentrated sulfuric acid brought from the warehouse of the Planning Commission is added in the absorption tower as a primer to start the acid cycle.

Ji Situ tested the concentration of sulfur dioxide at the outlet of the first converter, and it was already close to 70%.He knew that the production of sulfuric acid had been basically successful.After the absorber starts the acid cycle, 1.5 liters of acid are showered every ten seconds.The tower temperature has risen to 60°C, and he told people to turn on the water cooling.

In this way, one furnace is fed with ore every hour, and the four furnaces are cycled to discharge slag, and the local sulfuric acid plant is in operation like this.As long as the feeding and heating are maintained stably, a workshop of this scale can operate 345 days a year and produce 98% of concentrated sulfuric acid

Ji Situi and others didn't have time to celebrate this great moment, but were busy explaining the key points of production to the native workers while working. On-site observation was more intuitive than simple lectures, and adapted to the cultural level of the native workers.

Of course, once it is running, the furnace will not be shut down unless it is overhauled or other important things-after all, it takes a long time and a lot of fuel to heat the furnace, which is not economically cost-effective.

However, Ji Si only had a total of 20 tons of pyrite in his hands. If it was produced at full speed, it would be consumed in less than a month.When the pyrite ore will be shipped again depends on how fast the shipbuilding speed is-but by this time, the sulfuric acid on coal coking should have been mass-produced.Sulfuric acid production here would not be of much importance.Ji Situ has already considered that if the coal chemical plant has enough sulfuric acid, then the equipment here can be used to produce ammonium sulfate from pyrite as fertilizer.

The first batch of 98% concentrated sulfuric acid was produced, and they were carefully packed into custom-made jars and sealed.Then the outside of the cover is closed with plaster of paris mud.It was covered with a clay-fired raspberry-to keep out the rain.

"Whether this method works or not?" Xu Yingjie is used to modern industrial packaging, and now at first glance at the earthen jar that looks like rice wine, he finds it incredible and unreliable.

"Sulfuric acid has been produced for 200 years. Don't worry, it was always packaged like this in the past." Ji Sixui said.

After the jars are labeled with "98% concentrated sulfuric acid", the date of production, and the place of production, they are carefully packed into wooden boxes specially made by the carpentry factory, one or two in a box.In the box, a straw rope is used to wrap the jar as a shock absorber.Then it was loaded onto a train and transported to a chemical dangerous goods warehouse.

After winning the initial battle with sulfuric acid, Ji Situi led the indigenous workers to teach while producing for more than ten days, until the indigenous workers basically mastered the production process and process, and memorized all the safety production regulations.

(End of this chapter)