Lin Gao Qiming

Chapter 337 Acids and Alkalis ([-])

After thinking about it, he understood: "You want to sterilize with radiation?"

"Alcohol disinfection and moist heat both have disadvantages. It would be nice to be able to sterilize with radiation."

"This won't work, I can't make the decision, and the planning committee will definitely not agree. The X-ray machine has radiation shielding problems, so let's forget about it." Shi Yuren said, "If you really need it, you can transport it to the hospital The radiology room will do it."

Ji Situ looked at the chemical industrial zone, which had begun to take shape in front of him, with numerous towers and pipelines, and felt a great sense of satisfaction for a while.The most critical facility of this crossing group has finally taken shape.Although the construction of Bopu's chemical industrial zone began when the mass production of soil, cement and bricks and tiles began, the entire project has been kept in a state of steady flow and slow start due to the lack of various manpower and material resources. The countless equipment installation problems also really drove the person in charge of the chemical industry crazy-he has worked in a chemical plant, but there is still a big difference between working in a chemical plant and installing a chemical plant.

Looking at the various towers that have been erected and installed with great difficulty: comprehensive tower, ammonia distillation tower, ethanol rectification tower, ammonia washing tower, absorption tower, decarbonization tower, benzene removal tower, rectification tower, synthetic ammonia carbonization comprehensive tower, synthetic ammonia Saturated hot water tower, shift gas desulfurization tower, saturated hot water tower... These large and small towers and the pipes connecting them add up to more than 300 tons. Just unload them, transport them here, and install them one by one It can be regarded as a great miracle-it took countless manpower, racked its brains, and lost several lives and injuries. In the end, even the Egyptian man-made pyramids restored in the documentary and the various methods of the Celtic man-made giant formation It's all used.Fortunately, there are many capable people in all aspects, who have experience in chemical plant construction and construction, otherwise he will definitely go crazy if he is alone.

This set of equipment is certainly not a big deal in the 21st century: 800 tons of synthetic ammonia combined with a combined alkali production system and a set of coal coking chemical system - manufacturers feel strange when buying customized equipment - in terms of output, the current small chemical factory in the county seat are more productive than them.Their power lies in their strong product co-manufacturing capabilities.The simplest example: In addition to producing ammonia water and then nitric acid, the synthetic ammonia industry can also use ammonia water as a raw material to react with table salt to produce soda ash and many by-products.It can be said that with the synthetic ammonia industry, the traveler has permanently occupied the top of the food chain in this time and space.No one can stand against the ruling clique that controls high explosives and high-efficiency fertilizers.

Ji Situi was heartbroken watching it, and finally sighed: Lack of coal!

Coal is not only the raw material for the production of these two systems, but also necessary for supporting facilities.A large amount of steam, hot water, and electricity required for production are provided by coal.It seems unreliable that the large boiler of the Bopu Thermal Power Plant under construction continues to use firewood to burn steam like a camel machine.

The curse of lack of coal has been lingering above his head.Once it is up and running, the amount of coal required by the entire chemical industry far exceeds the amount of coal that can be shipped from Guangdong at present.And these coals have to bear the ever-increasing appetite for steel plants, cement plants and boilers—huge productivity is limited by the bottleneck of transportation.

Once a chemical industrial enterprise starts to ignite and produce, it generally does not stop running without special circumstances such as maintenance.As far as the current state of coal shortage is concerned, once it starts to operate, it will be embarrassing to wait for the rice to be cooked without raw materials.

The sound of rumbling machines from the shipyard not far away and the continuous sound of huge steel rolling from the steel plant soothed his uneasiness a bit. An epoch-making ship is under construction. An iron-ribbed wood-hull ship——The complexity of crafting an all-timber structure sailboat has made people in the machinery department lose confidence. There is a shortage of large-scale timber used to make keels and ribs; the cumbersome processing of wood; Significant, weak strength, low payload ratio.This made Wen Desi determined to try to build a hybrid large-scale iron-ribbed wood-hull ship earlier than planned to carry the bulk cargo that is currently urgently needed.

The ship started laying the keel after the expedition team sailed around the island. In order to meet the demand for ship materials, the steel factory is manufacturing and installing a steam forging hammer.This is the largest industrial equipment ever built by the Transit Group.All the elite soldiers of the Industrial Energy Commission sleep in the factory and work 24 hours a day.

The ship's payload is expected to reach [-] tons, far exceeding that of all ships today.The huge hull and powerful hybrid power are enough to make it get rid of most threats at sea.

But the demand for three acids and two alkalis is already very urgent, and we can't wait for the arrival of large quantities of coal.The finished product brought from another time and space is about to be used up, and the small amount of sulfuric acid distilled from raw materials such as soap alum is really too little-it can't even be described as stuffed between the teeth.There are more and more places that need sulfuric acid and caustic soda, so Ji Situi has no choice but to settle for the next best thing, and decides to install two sets of simple chemical equipment before the coal supply is stable—fortunately, the raw materials for these two processes do not need With coal, equipment requirements are also easier.

One set is the production of caustic soda by electrolysis of table salt by local method, and the other is the production of sulfuric acid by pyrite contact method.These are all outdated techniques that should be eliminated, resulting in large waste and serious pollution.Fortunately, the level of construction requirements is extremely low, and reckless and brutal production can also make do.This small plant can also serve as a supplement after the joint chemical plant is put into operation in the future.Moreover, the survey fleet transported almost 20 tons of pyrite back from Wanning.Make enough sulfuric acid to last for quite a while.

The contact sulfuric acid plant manufactured by Ji Situi is located at the edge of the industrial zone, far away from residential areas and agricultural land.A full set of design drawings and construction techniques were obtained from the large library.The horror of its simplicity and disregard for safety made Ji Si take a deep breath--I only knew that there was an indigenous way to make sulfuric acid in this world, but I didn't expect to be able to do it in such a horrible place.No wonder the teeth of the soldiers of the Eighth Route Army were damaged by acid.

The overall construction is not difficult, it can even be said to be simple.The acid towers are made in large glazed ceramic water tanks.The instruction in the book is to use a ceramic cylinder.Travelers are now able to manufacture this thing in batches.Because of its wide range of uses and corrosion resistance, there are many orders.Xiao Bailang has summed up enough experience from countless failures. He is not only proficient in making water tanks, but also very efficient - he uses a mechanized demoulding method to make cylinder embryos, and the firing level is also superior to that of local workers. Be willing to bow down—the traverser has industrial thermometers and combustion control means, as long as they know the temperature at each stage of production, they can accurately grasp the temperature rise and fall of the kiln.This ability to quantify is far more accurate than the personal feelings of workers who see with their eyes and feel the temperature of their skin.

But Ji Situi didn't intend to order a water tank, as the water tank was a helpless substitute.Since it is necessary to substitute, simply substitute with higher technical content.Why bother knocking off the bottom of the water tank, and find something to seal the interface between the tank and the tank to prevent the acid mist from leaking-since he doesn't have any particularly good acid-resistant sealing materials in his hand, the local method of sealing will definitely It's leaked - he still wants to continue to eat with his teeth for the rest of his life.So what he asked Xiao Bailang to make was a complete ceramic reaction tank with a diameter of 700mm and a height of 3.65 meters.This almost didn't drive Xiao Bailang crazy - the difficulty was too high.Oversized ceramic items are difficult to fire.

After several days of tossing with others, Xiao Bailang finally came up with a compromise product. The entire reaction tank is composed of two parts, but in order to strengthen the sealing, the connecting part is treated with a sleeve, and the sealing effect is not bad. .Then use some acid-resistant material to seal and make a big change.

Then he ordered a batch of cast iron pipes from the metallurgical department.The lump furnace for burning pyrite is built with refractory bricks, and there are four burning furnaces inside, each with a hearth of 0.3 square meters.Both the bars and doors are made of cast iron for easy sealing and no leakage.A cyclone dust collector is built above the furnace with refractory materials.For the combustion and dust removal needs of the entire furnace, Ji Situi bought a small 2-horsepower blower. This amount of power is not a problem in the Bopu Industrial Zone.

Pyrite ore is first crushed into fine particles on a professional ore crusher, and then put into a lump ore furnace for burning.The outgoing furnace gas enters the first converter after passing through the refractory brick cyclone dust collector.The gas in the first converter is sent to the second converter to continue the reaction after being cooled by cast iron pipes.

The original plan for the first converter and the second converter was to use water tanks, but Ji Situi decided to use iron-clad oil drums instead.Both the converter and the dust collector need to be insulated. Ji Situi did not have ready-made insulation materials available, so he built an outer frame with bricks around these three objects, and then filled the surrounding gaps with plant ash.Iron catalysts are placed in the two converters for catalysis.

After the converter comes out, the gas is cooled by the cast iron pipeline, and then sent to the absorption tower with a hand pump to leaching the acid, and then the finished acid is recovered after cooling.Concentration 98%.

The acid tower is Xiao Bailang's three-section combined ceramic cylinder. Xiao Bailang's tolerance is good, and it is easy to assemble it in place after lifting.The interior of the acid tower is filled with broken brick tiles.The sealing material for external use is made of water glass mixed with porcelain powder--for this purpose, many porcelains are smashed and ground into powder.Fortunately, there is only one place to be sealed, just pile more.A characteristic of this material is that it will harden and increase in strength when exposed to acid.It is relatively easy to use acid-resistant sealing material.

The coastal wind here in Lingao is relatively strong, and there will be one or two typhoons every year. The outside of the entire acid tower is fixed on all sides with brick pillars.

After the core equipment is done, other water cooling and recycling devices can be easily done.Most of the pipelines are made of ceramic pipes, and some are made of cast iron pipes. Only the valves used by Ji Si Tui are not simple, but real valves for the chemical industry.Every seal he personally inspected.After the inspection was correct, Ji Situ ordered to prepare to start production.

Ji Situi selected a few cautious people from the labor force to be operators.First, I took three days of safety production class.However, in the first few days of production, Ji Situi decided to take the traversers to do it himself, and the native operators watched and studied-he didn't worry about these farmers who had put down their hoes for a few days. The tragic state of burns will cast a great shadow on future workers.

For this cross-age industrial development, Ji Si retired and led a group of chemistry enthusiasts and his laborers to work hard for a whole day.A large amount of dry firewood was collected, and a lot of coal was allocated from the planning committee.The quality of the Wanning pyrite unloaded from the ship is quite good. After testing, the average sulfur content is above 50%.These ores are first sent to the beneficiation plant through beneficiation, and then crushed into small pieces.Stevedores use human booms to lift baskets of ore onto a long line of flatbed cars on tracks.Two workers then climbed onto the front diesel tractor.The driver noticed a tall tower a few hundred meters away. When the red flag turned yellow, a worker started the diesel engine. When the green flag came up, the whole train started to move, slowly heading towards the sulfuric acid plant.

At the same time that Ji Situ organized manpower to build the sulfuric acid plant, the rail transportation under the auspices of the Lingao Construction Corporation was soon extended to here.At present, the factories, warehouses and docks in the two industrial zones of Bairen and Bopu have completed their respective track connections—a flatbed truck, driven by a diesel-powered tractor, is fully loaded with various raw materials He and the finished product were running around, making muffled horn sounds from time to time.

After the last train of pyrite ore arrived, several hills had already been piled up after Ji Si retreated.Firewood, coal, pyrite, and lots of lime.

He asked the native workers to light firewood at the four ash outlets of the mine furnace to start the process of heating the furnace. The whole process would last almost 48 hours, so Ji Situi took the time to go to Xiao Bailang's place—this time The next time he ordered a sulfuric acid tank.

"The jars have been made." Xiao Bailang pointed to a row of jars on the open space. These jars were hung with pea-green glaze and had ears on both sides. They were shaped like small wine jars, but the jars were straight. .

"According to your request, each has a capacity of 25 liters, and it has a threaded lid with an additional screw pattern. It's really rare!" Xiao Bailang smacked his lips, "clay pots use threaded lids."

"This is a jar for concentrated sulfuric acid, it won't work unless it's sealed tightly."

These earthen jars specially used for concentrated sulfuric acid can be screwed tightly with screw caps—in fact, this alone cannot guarantee the airtightness. According to the traditional method, an asbestos rope dipped in water glass is used to wrap a circle around the mouth of the jar and then screw the lid tightly. , but not to mention asbestos ropes in the hands of the traversers, there is not even much water glass.Sodium silicate can still be manufactured in the future, but asbestos cannot be obtained without trade.Fortunately, there is another natural corrosion-resistant material in nature: raw lacquer.

(End of this chapter)