The Four Steps to the Sky

Floating Pot Space - Aristotle

Aristotle (384 BC-322 BC), ancient Greek philosopher, student of Plato, teacher of Alexander the Great.

His great quote: I love my teacher, I love the truth more

His writings cover many disciplines, including physics, metaphysics, poetry (including drama), music, biology, zoology, logic, politics, government, and ethics.

Together with Plato and Socrates (Plato's teacher), he is known as the founder of Western philosophy.The writings of Aristotle are the first extensive system of Western philosophy, encompassing morality, aesthetics, logic and science, politics and metaphysics. [

Aristotle's ideas about physics profoundly shaped medieval academic thought, and their influence extended into the Renaissance, although they were eventually superseded by Newtonian physics.

Today Aristotle's philosophy is still active in all aspects of academic research.Although Aristotle wrote many treatises and elegant dialogues (Cicero described his literary style as the Golden River), most of his writings are now considered lost, with only about a third of the original works surviving down.

At the age of 18, Aristotle was sent to study at the Plato Academy in Athens, where Aristotle lived in the Academy for 20 years until his teacher Plato died in 347 BC.

Plato may have been somewhat dissatisfied with Aristotle, and Aristotle finally found out that Plato disagreed with him on important theories, but he always had a lot of respect for his teacher.

After Plato's death.As the new head of the academy was more sympathetic to the mathematical tendencies of Plato's philosophy, Aristotle could not bear it.and left Athens.

It can be seen from Aristotle's works that although Aristotle disagreed with the views of the new heads of the academy such as Posippus, he still maintained a good relationship with them.

It is reported that after leaving the academy, Aristotle first accepted the invitation of his former schoolmate Hermias to visit Asia Minor.Hermias was the ruler of Mysia on the coast of Asia Minor at that time.Aristotle also married Hermias' niece there.

But in 344 BC, Hermias was murdered in a riot, and Aristotle had to leave Asia Minor, traveling with his family to Mytilene.

3 years later.Aristotle was called back to his hometown by Philip II, King of Macedon, and became the teacher of Alexander the Great, who was only 13 years old at the time.

According to the famous ancient Greek biographer Plutarch, Aristotle instilled moral, political and philosophical education in the future world leader.

Aristotle also used his influence and was instrumental in shaping the thinking of Alexander the Great.It was under the influence of Aristotle that Alexander the Great always cared about the cause of science and respected knowledge.He even provided rich human and financial resources at the convenience of the emperor, enabling Aristotle to complete many scientific researches.

but.Aristotle and Alexander the Great may not have had identical political views.The political view of the former was based on the dying Greek city-states, while the centralized empire established by Alexander the Great was a barbarian invention to the Greeks.

After the death of Philip II in 335 BC, Aristotle returned to Athens and established his own school there.The name of the academy (lyeum) is named after the wolf slayer (Lyceus) near the temple of Apollo.

During this period, Aristotle lectured and wrote many philosophical works.Aristotle had a habit when he lectured.That is, while teaching, strolling in the corridors and gardens, it is precisely because of this that the philosophy of the academy is called the philosophy of leisure or the philosophy of strolling.

The followers of Aristotle are also known as Peripatetic disciples.That is, walkers.Aristotle also wrote a lot during this period, mainly on natural science and philosophy in terms of nature and physics.And the language used is better than Plato's

The reason why Aristotle said he would flee: I don't want the Athenians to commit the second sin of destroying philosophy. (metaphor before the death of Socrates)

But a year later, in 322 BC, Aristotle died of a disease he had accumulated over the years.Aristotle also left a will requesting that he be buried next to his wife's grave.

Aristotle defined his philosophy as a cause, declaring his philosophy to be the science of the cause of the real universe.

Plato defined his philosophy as the science of ideas, which refer to the underlying principles of all phenomena.Both master and apprentice believed that philosophy was the science of studying the universe. However, Aristotle studied the universe by studying the essence of various specific things, while Plato believed that the universe was not connected with other specific things.

From Plato's point of view, those things are just samples or models erected by the universe.For Aristotle, the study of philosophy meant moving from the study of a particular phenomenon to the study of the substance of things; but for Plato, the study of philosophy represented a move from the study of a universal idea to the study of specific samples transformed by those ideas.

Aristotle's research method is both inductive and deductive, while Plato's research method is essentially derived from a priori principles.

According to Aristotle, the term natural philosophy signifies the study of the natural world, which includes motion, light, and the laws of physics.

After many centuries these fields became the basis of modern science and were studied scientifically.In modern times, the word philosophy is usually used only to describe the field of metaphysics, rather than those studies that observe the natural world in the way of physical science.

In Aristotle's day, by contrast, the term philosophy encompassed all dimensions of human knowledge.

More broadly, Aristotle posited philosophy alongside logic, which he called the science of philosophy.However, the meaning of the word science he used is not the same as the so-called modern scientific method. All science (reason) is either practical, or imaginable and theoretical. (To be continued. If you like this work, you are welcome to come to the starting point to vote, monthly pass, your support is my biggest motivation. Mobile phone users, please go to read.)