The Four Steps to the Sky

One of the guardians of the devil-Lu Xun

Zhou Shuren (1881-1936), courtesy name Yucai, formerly known as Zhangshou, courtesy name Yushan and Yuting, is famous all over the world with his pen name Lu Xun. He was born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang. He was an important Chinese writer in the 20th century, a leader of the New Culture Movement, and a cultural movement The supporter of Chinese modern literature, the pioneering master of modern Chinese literature.

Evaluation of the People's Republic of China as a modern writer, thinker, and revolutionist.Lu Xun's works include essays, short stories, reviews, essays, and translations, which had a profound impact on Chinese literature after the May [-]th Movement.

In 1881, Lu Xun was born in a scholarly family named Zhou Zhangshou in Dongchangfangkou (now part of Yuecheng District, Shaoxing City) in Kuaiji County, Shaoxing Prefecture, Zhejiang Province, China.

His grandfather, Zhou Fuqing, was a Jinshi of Xinweike in the tenth year of Tongzhi (1871) and was an official in Beijing.Lu Xun and Zhou Enlai belonged to the same family, and their ancestor was Zhou Dunyi, the founder of Neo-Confucianism in the Northern Song Dynasty.His father, Zhou Boyi, was a scholar, and his mother, Lu Rui. [

18 A private school opened by Shou Jingwu in his hometown of Shaoxing.

In 1898, he left his hometown at the age of 17 and entered the new school Jiangnan Naval Academy in Jinling, which was renamed Zhou Shuren.

In 1899, he was transferred to the Jiangnan Lushi School attached to the Mine Road School, and formed a friendship with Chen Hengke, and graduated in 1901.

In 1893 (the 19th year of Guangxu), his grandfather Zhou Fuqing was dismissed and imprisoned for cheating in the imperial examinations, and the Lu Xun brothers were placed to take refuge in the home of their uncle Huangfuzhuang, more than 30 miles away from the city.

Zhou Fuqing was sentenced to eight years in prison, so the Zhou family had to spend a lot of money every year.Zhou Fuqing survived.The family fortune began to decline, and at the same time his father Zhou Boyi was seriously ill in bed. Died in 8.The family accident had a profound impact on Lu Xun.

The scenes of childhood life, such as Baicao Garden, Xianheng Hotel, and the countryside around the grandmother's house, became Lu Xun's two novel collections later.

Dazai Osamu (Japanese writer) was commissioned to write a novel "Farewell" describing Lu Xun's life abroad, which was published in 1945.

In 1909, at the age of 28, Lu Xun returned to China from Japan and served as a teacher of physiology and chemistry at the Zhejiang Normal School (now Hangzhou High School), a teacher and supervisor at Shaoxing Middle School, and the principal of Shaoxing Normal School (now Shaoxing College of Arts and Sciences).

In 1911, he wrote his first novel "Nostalgia" (written in classical Chinese).

In 1912, 31-year-old Lu Xun was invited by Cai Yuanpei to work in the Ministry of Education of the government of the Republic of China. After Yuan Shikai became the president, he moved to Beijing with the government and served as the chief of the first section of the Social Education Department of the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Education.

At this time, after a period of mental depression, he was quite disappointed with social reform, indulged in collecting and researching rubbings, and edited Xie Cheng's "Book of the Later Han Dynasty" and "Ji Kang Collection".

Later, influenced by Qian Xuantong, she rejoined the New Culture Movement, serving as a professor at Beijing Women's Higher Normal School and a part-time lecturer at Peking University.

(: Lu Xun was a part-time lecturer at Peking University at the time, and he was not an employee of Peking University. Because the president Cai Yuanpei made a rule at the time that he had to resign his original post when he took a job at Peking University, and Lu Xun was working as a minister in the Ministry of Education at that time. This was often done by people who wrote the history of Peking University False, Lu Xun was also regarded as an employee of Peking University.)

In 1918, the 37-year-old Zhou Shuren published the first short vernacular novel "Diary of a Madman" written in modern style in the Chinese magazine "New Youth" under the pseudonym of Lu Xun for the first time in the history of modern Chinese literature.

In 1921, he vividly shaped the image of Ah Q and published the novella "The True Story of Ah Q".

In 1924, Lu Xun, Zhou Zuoren, Qian Xuantong, Lin Yutang and others founded the weekly fan magazine Yusi.

In 1924, the Nobel Prize winner and great Indian poet Rabindranath Tagore visited the Forbidden City. Beijing arranged for Lu Xun and Rabindranath Tagore to meet and take a photo together.At that time, the evaluation of Tagore's visit to China in the Chinese literary world tended to be polarized, and Lu Xun made his evaluation of his visit into a bottle of perfume.

Lu Xun worked as a civil servant in the government of the Republic of China for 14 years. His rank was Ren, his agency was the Ministry of Education, and his unit was the Department of Social Education (the director was Xia Zengyou).

The main achievements include: serving as a representative of the Ministry of Education of the National Language Unification Association, coordinating the formulation of phonetic alphabets (co-proposing and writing the unified pronunciation of the copy with Ma Yuzao, Zhu Xizu, Xu Shoushang, and Qian Daosun, but improving Fanqie, so it is suitable for double-voiced and repeated rhymes. Chinese characters are most suitable). (To be continued. If you like this work, you are welcome to come to the starting point to vote, monthly pass, your support is my biggest motivation. Mobile phone users, please go to read.)