Ming Zhengzhi, I am Zheng Kezang

Pyrite, also known as iron sulfide (fes2), is a disulfide of iron. Usually, pure pyrite contains 4667% iron and 5333% sulfur.In Fang Ming's time and space, pyrite was generally used as a raw material for the production of sulfur and sulfuric acid, rather than as a raw material for refining iron, because refining iron had iron ore with better quality, which could reduce production costs, but now Ming Zheng There are no large-scale iron ore veins in the area that can be effectively controlled, so iron sulfide, known as fool's gold, has become a treasure that can serve multiple purposes.

After the pyrite is isolated from the air, it uses strong heat to generate iron and sulfur (the equation is fes2=fe2s), and is calcined in the air to generate iron oxide and sulfur dioxide.Iron oxide slag can be reduced to iron material through the gas generated during coking, but the sulfur dioxide produced cannot be used at this stage and will cause great pollution. Therefore, Zheng Kezang finally chose the method of isolating the air and heating it directly. Sponge iron and sulfur vapour.

First of all, it is necessary to build a sulfur refining furnace, then layer the finely powdered pyrite material and coal, and then use wood to ignite the coal layer. After that, the furnace chamber should not be completely closed, and the wind hole should be reserved for natural wind.After the moisture in the furnace is evaporated, the furnace mouth is closed, and the furnace gas is introduced into the cooling room after the furnace temperature is kept at 500~1100c.Among them, the sulfur vapor stays in the cooling chamber after being condensed by condensation, and the rest of the various waste gases that cannot be used at this stage are introduced into the waste gas tower to be emptied.

After the furnace fire is extinguished, open the cooling chamber to obtain crude sulfur condensed into stalactites. At this time, open the sulfur refining furnace to clean up the waste, and then obtain the loose and porous iron oxide material after losing the sulfur element.The iron oxide material is then transported to the coking plant to form elemental iron material through the reduction reaction of coking gas.

Except for the step of sending the iron oxide material to the coking plant, the other entire process was called the local method of sulfur refining in Fang Ming's era. It was a closed project with high energy consumption and heavy pollution that was not protected by law. The decomposition, oxidation, and reduction reactions in the sulfur process are also carried out in the sulfur refining furnace, so skilled craftsmen are required to strictly control the air volume in the furnace, which cannot be provided by Ming Zheng Yantiesi who just crossed the river by feeling the stones , so the conversion rate of the first furnace is actually extremely low, but this is the case. Seeing that the pyrite that was originally a waste actually produces crude sulfur that needs a large amount of silver imported from Japan and other places, including Hong Lei and Zheng Yingping All the officials and craftsmen who participated in the trial believed that Zheng Kezang had a golden finger.

"The results of the trial firing have come out." Zheng Kezang's eyebrows twitched when asked about the smell of rotten eggs in the air, but now absolutely no one shouted at him about environmental issues. "Gu is also very pleased. No matter how much crude sulfur he got, at least it shows that this method is feasible, and the hard work of Qing and others was not in vain."

"The ministers dare not take the credit." Nonsense, everything was done according to Zheng Kezang's instructions, but the Yantie department did not dare to take credit for this greedy sky. "It's all because the master's wisdom is like the sea, and the ministers admire it."

"Forget it, you don't need to flatter me, but Gu made up his mind, but you are the ones who did it, and you are the ones who will continue to do it for a long time. The credit will not go unnoticed." , at this time, I listened to Zheng Kezang's order. "The current output is still too low. On the one hand, Qing and others should build a new furnace as soon as possible, and on the other hand, they should also master the process of heat input and heat discharge as soon as possible."

Speaking of which, there are two production methods for sulphurous smelting by local methods, one of which is called cold casting and cold unloading, and the other is the hot casting and hot unloading mentioned by Zheng Kezang.The so-called cold throwing and cold unloading naturally means that after one furnace is fired, it is cleaned and put into another furnace for re-firing, while hot throwing and hot unloading means that the furnace is not stopped during the production process, and some slag is discharged at the bottom of the furnace every day. , the two cooling chambers rotate out of Liu.The former has low smoke damage and low furnace efficiency, while the latter has high pollution and high furnace efficiency.Zheng Kezang naturally doesn't need to consider the issue of pollution now, so he can expand production unscrupulously.

Zheng Yingping responded, so Zheng Kezang continued: "Sulfur is poisonous, and the smoke from burning is also poisonous, so in addition to ensuring that these techniques are not spread to the outside world, it is also necessary to ensure that the furnace craftsmen and the surrounding people are not harmed by residual poison. "

Zheng Kezang said it seriously, Hong Lei and Zheng Yingping were naturally submissive, so Zheng Kezang said vigorously: "The next thing is the second trial, okay, then go to the coking plant."

"Mid-Autumn Festival" is also called "Autumn Festival", "August Festival" and "August Meeting"; there are also beliefs and related customs activities to pray for reunion, so it is also called "Reunion Festival" and "Daughter's Day"; The main activities of the festival are carried out around the "month", so it is also commonly known as "month festival", "month evening", "moon chasing festival", "playing with the moon festival", "correct month" and "moon worship festival".However, before the Sui Dynasty, the Mid-Autumn Festival was only a folk festival in some places, and it was not until the early Tang Dynasty that the Mid-Autumn Festival became a fixed festival. "New Tang Volume Fifteen Records Fifth Rites and Music Five" once recorded: "The spring and mid-autumn festivals were laid in King Wenxuan and King Wucheng" and "In the 19th year of Kaiyuan, the Taigong Shangfu Temple was built to stay in the Marquis Zhang Liang. Matching. The mid-spring and mid-autumn festivals are sacrificed, and the system of sacrifice and music is like a text, etc.Although the Mid-Autumn Festival became an officially recognized national festival in the Tang Dynasty, it really prevailed in the Song Dynasty. After the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, it has become as famous as New Year's Day and has become one of the main festivals in our country.

Mooncakes are the most popular Mid-Autumn Festival delicacy.Moon cakes, also called Hu cakes, originally originated from the Zhujie food of the Tang Dynasty army.During the reign of Emperor Gaozu of the Tang Dynasty, the general Li Jing conquered the Turks by relying on the hidden rumors of moon cakes. He returned triumphantly on August [-]th. Since then, eating moon cakes has become an annual custom.At that time, some Turpan people who were doing business offered cakes to the emperor of the Tang Dynasty to celebrate their success.In the "Mengliang Lu" written by Wu Zimu of the Southern Song Dynasty, the word "moon cake" has been officially included, but the description of enjoying the moon and eating moon cakes during the Mid-Autumn Festival did not exist until the Ming Dynasty.

There are many theories about how this custom came into being.One said, at the end of the Yuan Dynasty, Zhang Shicheng (or Zhu Yuanzhang’s counselor Liu Bowen), the leader of the anti-Yuan uprising in Taizhou, Jiangsu, took advantage of the Mid-Autumn Festival when the people gave each other round cakes, and included a note "Kill the Tartars on the [-]th night of August" in the cakes. Seeing the note in the cake, one passed on ten, ten passed on to a hundred, as promised on this night, the "Tartars" (Yuan soldiers) who did all kinds of crimes together, after that, every family ate cakes to celebrate the victory of the uprising, and officially called the round cakes of the Mid-Autumn Festival For mooncakes.Another theory is that in the early years of Ming Hongwu, the general Xu Da captured Beijing, the capital of the Yuan Dynasty, which was entrenched by the remnants of the Yuan Dynasty. Mooncakes were used to reward subjects during the Anti-Yuan Uprising. Since then, mooncakes have become a "statutory" food for the Mid-Autumn Festival, and they must be eaten.

"Today can be regarded as a family reunion." Leaving aside his plump crab legs, Zheng Kezang, who was slightly drunk, glanced at the one wife, five concubines, two sons and four daughters in front of him and sighed contentedly. "Gu is really happy, but it's a pity that my mother and father are gone."

Chen Xianqiao remonstrated: "A family reunion is a great joy. I think the father and mother will be smiling when they are in heaven."

"That's true." Zheng Kezang nodded, suddenly he seemed to remember something. "Mother concubine? What Xianqiao reminded me is, why did Gu forget it? Anyway, after the Mid-Autumn Festival, Gu went to the court to ask Jian Guo to give her the title of mother." Xie Ziling was recommended by Dong Guotai to Zheng Kezang, Feng Lianniang He and Geng Tang'er had never even met Chen Zhaoniang, so the three girls naturally had no special reaction, but Tong Chunniang and Fang Yuniang who came out from Chen Zhaoniang's side happily agreed, so Zheng Kezang's heart became more determined. "That's it, what title would it sound good to add?"

"My lord is drunk." Chen Xianqiao signaled the female officer next to him to call Su Ye Tang to rinse Zheng Kezang's mouth. After Zheng Kezang washed his hands, she helped Zheng Kezang up. "I'm paying respects to the moon. I'll talk about the mother's pursuit of the title tomorrow."

"Okay," Zheng Kezang stood up staggeringly, holding Baoguan and Zhenguan who were half a year apart with one hand. "Go, worship the moon!"

In the mid-to-late Ming Dynasty, the image of the Moon God underwent important changes, from the early purely Taoist image of the moon palace with Chang'e as the main image, to the secular image of the Moonlight Bodhisattva and the Jade Rabbit mixing medicine with Buddhism and Taoism.During this period, people enshrined moonlight paper with moonlight Bodhisattva painted on it, also called "moonlight horse".

Zheng Kezang took the two boys to kneel on the ground and beat their heads three times. The action was soon over, but Chen Xianqiao, who was with the six-year-old Jinniang, and Tong Chunniang and Fang Yuniang, who were with the seven-year-old Jianiang and Rouniang, But they did not end their actions so quickly. The three mothers instructed their daughters to silently recite "Looks like Chang'e, face like a bright moon", sincerely and fearfully.

After Geng Tanger, who was the latest to enter the palace, and the official Shang Xi she brought had paid homage, Chen Xianqiao, who was pregnant with Liujia, personally cut the special big moon cake into 14 yuan, and everyone divided into pieces of the same size. Hold the mooncake in your hand, no matter if you can eat it or not, at least everyone should have a bite to celebrate the festival.

Then dozens of lanterns were lit by the servants, hanging on the high and low branches, corresponding to the bright moon in the sky and also a bit like stars.Under the moonlight and lamplight, seven children, big and small, were chasing and playing with each other with special small lanterns under the care of the female officials and servants, while Zheng Kezang took all the girls to sit in the fragrant pavilion and listened to the music. Watching the cheerful laughter of the children, while eating watermelon, it is also leisurely.

"The bright soul rises in the sky, the treasure mirror rises, and the fairy sounds among the clouds are silent. The autumn is evenly divided, and the clouds are always bright. Wait until the galaxy is completely cleared."

"Not good." Zheng Kezang shook his head at Chen Xianqiao. "Ma'am's poem is certainly well done, and the lines in which Lingcha draws a promise and join hands are even better, but when Yinhe completely clarifies the sentence, I think it is necessary to change it to be completely clear!"

"Husband is really joking." Chen Xianqiao knew that Zheng Kezang was not good at poetry, so she shook her head and corrected her. "This isn't a concubine's poem, it's one of the Tang poems."

"It's a big joke, ridiculous, ridiculous." He said that he was ridiculous, but Zheng Kezang first laughed heartlessly. The son also let out a silver bell-like laugh.

"My lord also writes a poem."

"This is to drive the ducks to the shelves." Zheng Kezang scratched his head like a child, saying that he has opened up the seven orifices, but at the moment, the drunkenness rose and his mind became hot. "I'll just recite a few lines, it won't make a poem, so you can barely listen to it." Now Chen Xianqiao's interest also came, and he heard Zheng Kezang read it. "Flowers fall at this time, and the moon is round at this time. On earth and in the sky, singing and dancing are flying. The phoenix returns to its nest, and there is no wolf smoke. I am lonely and beautiful. The waves are lingering, and the bottom of the sea reflects the sky. Don't teach the clouds to cover the moon. , thinking of peace for thousands of years. I have neon clothes that the wind blows, and the water ripples and sings. The moon is cool, and the clouds carry the breeze. Only now is the joy, but also the sorrow. Who will solve this worry? Who is the bosom friend? Let’s drink this cup and talk about peace. ")"

How is it like a dream when a good day is fleeting?Feng Lianniang was crazy.

Who will solve this worry?Who is a bosom friend?Chen Xianqiao was dumbfounded.

There is no smoke, and I think there will be peace for thousands of years.Geng Tang'er was startled.

Not to mention Tong Chunniang and Fang Yuniang, who didn't quite understand but looked surprised.

Only Zheng Kezang himself fell asleep soundly with his head down