young marshal spring and autumn

The end of the new year is approaching, but the high-ranking officials and dignitaries entering and leaving the Governor's Mansion in Lanzhou do not have the joyful atmosphere of the past. After the reorganization of the Zhongwei, the "Anxi Army" was not afraid of the severe cold and divided into two groups. Guo Songling led the right army to defeat Jingtai and Baiyincheng with lightning speed, and the main force converged under the city of Lanzhou to the north of the Yellow River.Zhang Hanqing personally led the Left Route Army from Wuzhong to the south, conquering Tongxin, and then went west to conquer Haiyuan and Jingyuan, part of which controlled Huining and Dingxi to contain the defenders of Tianshui and Pingliang.The main force arrived in Yuzhong in one go.Zhang Zhaojia's troops in Pingliang's garrison were too small to take care of themselves, and they didn't know the reality of the "Anxi Army", so they dared not attack lightly.

Now the number of troops available in Lanzhou City is pitifully small: there were originally 8 towns in Gansu, half Hui and half Han.Because of the surrender of Ma Fuxiang and nephew Ma Hongbin in Yinchuan and Ma Tingyu in Liangzhou, the east and north gates of Lanzhou were opened wide.The defenders of Ganzhou and Suzhou were far away in the northwest, and they were rejected by Ma Tingyi.Ma Qi of Xining, who is similar, withdrew his strength in order to protect himself, while Pei Jianhuai of Hezhou had the intention, but was unable to do what he wanted.All the city could rely on was Lu Hongtao's troops who had just returned from the defeat at the front.But the defeated general, dare to speak bravely?

Zhang Guangjian, governor of Gansu Province, knew that his good life in Gansu was over, so he even called the central government for help.However, Duan Qirui himself has announced his resignation, and Jin Yunpeng will act as the prime minister.Although Gansu's affairs are urgent, after all, he, a former prime minister who has not been named, can interfere.

Although Jin Yunpeng was also from the Anhui faction, when he joined the cabinet in early 1919 as the chief of the army, he planned to form a cabinet. He had already flirted with the Zhi and Feng factions, and secretly contacted the Zhifeng factions.In order to balance the forces of various factions and consolidate his dominance, Xu Shichang appointed him as the Prime Minister on September 1919, 9.After the support of the two factions of Zhifeng and the approval of the Senate and the House of Representatives, on November 24, he was officially appointed to form a cabinet and concurrently served as the chief of the army.After he came to power, he couldn't bear Duan Qirui's criticism and blame, and tried to get rid of his control, and wanted to promote the peace talks between the North and the South, but he gave up because of Duan's obstruction.Now is the very time to rely on the Feng Faction for self-reliance, how could he tear himself apart from the Feng Faction for the sake of an attached Gansu who is insignificant to him?It is nothing more than a cliché to persuade both sides to put the people's livelihood first, and to delay the army and stop the war.But Duan Qirui clearly felt the undercurrent of the immediate forces, and in order to win over the Feng faction to avoid the unfavorable situation of being caught in a two-line attack, he did not exert much influence on Zhang Hanqing's movements in the northwest.

In order to make Zhang Guangjian step down with dignity, Jin Yunpeng conferred the rank of lieutenant general in the name of President Xu Shichang, and transferred Zhang Guangjian to succeed him as the counselor of the general's mansion. In fact, he lived idle.The transfer decree said: "According to the President's statement, you are diplomatically urgent. Zhang Du has been in the border for a long time, and he has a lot of experience. He has another opportunity to transfer to Beijing, not to move from the left. Zhang Du is a high-ranking official in the country. The President is well-known. There is no difference in the importance of internal and external officials in the country. They are appointed in charge of Qi, and the internal reference is confidential. If they do their best for the country, they are the same. Please don’t cause misunderstandings by transferring Zhang Du’s transfer.”

Seeing that the situation was irreversible, Zhang Guangjian had to call to express his obedience to the central arrangement, and negotiated a truce with the "Anxi Army", and handed over Lanzhou city defense to the "Anxi Army".Brothers Ma Qi in Xining, Ma Lin in Ganzhou, Pei Jianhuai in Hezhou, and Wu Youren in Suzhou successively expressed their surrender to Zhang Hanqing.Zhang Zhaojia of Pingliang and Kong Fanjin of Tianshui formed a military alliance, intending to defend against danger.

Zhang Hanqing instructed Guo Songling to take over Lanzhou, stabilize Hezhou and arrange the entry into Qing Dynasty. He and Han Linchun went east to Jingning and attacked Zhang and Kong along the Pingliang Highway.

Gansu has a vast territory and the Northwest Army's strength is limited, so Zhang Hanqing did not divide his troops to guard it.And only rely on major cities for links.Because Longnan is mountainous and has no strategic value, only one regiment is left in Shizuizi, Yinchuan, and Zhongwei in the northern part of the Yellow River in Ningxia.In the south of the Yellow River, only Wu Zhong stationed a regiment as a strategic stay, and then gave up the occupation of the central abdomen of Ningxia, and the army marched into Guyuan.

Guyuan is located in the center of the triangle formed by the three provincial capitals (capitals) of Xi'an, Lanzhou and Yinchuan.It used to be an economically important place, a transportation hub, and an important military location-"blocking Heshuo outside, Longkou inside, Qin Liang on the front, and Jipu on the side"; the ancients vividly commented on its geographical location and said: "The left controls the five Originally, with Lanhui on the right, Huangliu surrounds the north, and Kongtong blocks the south. According to the shoulders of the eight counties, the three towns are the key points of the three towns. Passes and important military towns on the choke points.Here is rich in products and beautiful mountains and rivers; Islamic civilization and Central Plains culture meet, and life is full of rich Islamic customs and Central Plains cultural customs.The earliest highway trunk line in the modern northwest of my country - the highway from Xi'an to Lanzhou passes here.

On December 12, the headquarters of the Left Army was placed in Jingyuan County.Whether to fight Pingliang first or Tianshui first, Zhang Hanqing and Han Linchun had a disagreement.

According to Han Linchun's intention, Zhang Zhaojia's troops in Pingliang, which are slightly weaker, should be attacked first. Jingyuan is closer to Pingliang, and they can be there on the same day.If the Tianshui defenders want to rescue each other, they have to pass through the dangerous Liupan Mountain, which is not easy.On the other hand, Zhang Hanqing believed that Zhang Zhaojia had already set up a dangerous and reinforced position at the foot of Liupan Mountain, and a strong attack would cause huge losses and take a long time, which would easily give Tianshui Kong Fanjin the possibility of reinforcements.It's better to feint to attack Pingliang and make a surprise attack on Tianshui, Zhang Zhaojia's soldiers dare not go out of the dangerous pass, and Kong Fanjin is unexpected.Once the affairs of Tianshui are over, Pingliang will be determined by a battle.

In the military, Zhang Hanqing can be said to be good at what he does--never fail, and respect for military commanders, especially front-line commanders, has always been a prerequisite for successful combat.Strategically, I am okay, but commanding and fighting is a layman. This is a matter of life and death, so I can't act arbitrarily.

Han Linchun also respected Zhang Hanqing sincerely.This young young marshal does not have the airs of a young marshal or the habits of a dandy.Not only has amazing insight and strategic vision, but also knows how to delegate power in administration and military affairs, and basically follows good advice.Military disputes have made the running-in between them more and more tacit.The two discussed and synthesized the disputes between the two sides, but they came up with a better plan, that is: use a feigned attack on Pingliang to change to a strong attack on Pingliang. If they can win in one fell swoop, the general trend is set.If the strong attack fails, it will become a feint attack, attracting Tianshui defenders to come to help, and become a "besieged city to fight for aid".

So the artillery regiment and 2 infantry regiments of the division were transferred to the brigade commander Yu Zhaolin to lead a strong attack on Pingliang. Zhang Hanqing and Han Linchun led the rest of the 1st brigade and the cavalry regiment of the division along the long and narrow mountainous area running north-south of Liupan Mountain.The mountains here are steep, forming the boundary between the Weihe Plain and the Longzhong Plateau.

At 10 am the next day, the storming of Pingliang began.However, the Northwest Army bombarded the defenders' positions with cannons, and the infantry took advantage of the gap to advance.The powerful equipment of the Northwest Army began to take effect. By 12 o'clock, the east and west flank hills of the Pingliang defenders had been captured.

Kong Fanjin led the main independent brigade to rush to rescue when he received the emergency telegram from Zhang Zhaojia.Hearing the rumble of cannons in the distance, he was very anxious.If the lips are dead, the teeth will be cold. Once the Northwest Army defeats the Pingliang Army, there will be no worries, and they will need to support themselves independently.However, the panting Tianshui army immediately fell into a bitter battle.With a gunshot, the ambushes were all out.The Northwest Army, which occupies a favorable position, cut off its advance and retreat routes, condescendingly besieging Kong Fanjin's troops in the valley.

In the fierce battle for about an hour, most of the Tianshui army was killed or injured.The rest of the soldiers fled all over the mountains and plains, and were defeated.The red flag of the Northwest Army was waving, and it was connected with the shouts of victory in Pingliang in the distance.Zhang Hanqing and Han Linchun, who had their headquarters on a high mountain and had a clear view of the battlefield, knew that Pingliang had also won a big victory.

After this battle, there will be no more wars in Gansu.What a powerful force that the Northwest and the Northeast are connected as one!With this kind of powerful armament, it is enough to unify China and build a powerful Chinese nation in his heart!What Anhui, Zhili, Beiyang warlords, Kuomintang, go to hell.The future of China will be dominated by me, Zhang Hanqing!

Zhang Hanqing was full of pride, and suddenly a word flooded into his mind.That's right, apart from Mao Weiren's broad mind and courage, nothing can express his current mood.He groaned to the vast land, and his majestic voice echoed in the valley:

"The sky is high and the clouds are clear, and the geese flying south can be seen. If you don't reach the Great Wall, you are not a hero, and you can only travel [-] miles.

On the peak of Liupan Mountain, the red flag blows in the north wind.With the long tassel in hand today, when will the Canglong be bound? "

Han Linchun was also infected by the young marshal's pride. He looked at Zhang Hanqing calmly and said, "Young marshal, Han Linchun is willing to follow the banner of the young marshal forever!" Endless red flags, a month later the photo and the poem were published on the front page of "Fengtian Times" with the title "Qingpingle• Liupanshan".

Northwest matters.Zhang Hanqing is determined to turn it into an industrial center in the northwest and a complete military system with independent viability as a rear base - in the process of growing Feng, it is difficult to predict whether it will confront the Japanese soldiers in advance.The Northeast and Northwest are far away, and the transportation of armaments and strategic materials is inconvenient. In the official history of China, there are still several wars to be fought. The Northwest Military needs to have the ability to deal with the situation independently here.

Gansu is located inland, with inconvenient transportation and many difficulties in economic development.Zhang Hanqing vigorously used the local people to govern and took advantage of the rich local water resources to gradually develop an industrial system based on electricity, machinery, and metallurgy.With the provincial capital as the center, Liujiaxia, Bapanxia, ​​Yanguoxia and Daxia hydropower stations are planned to be built successively, and together with other hydropower stations in the adjacent areas, they will constitute one of the largest hydropower centers in modern times.Lanzhou----Tianshui, Pingliang, Xining and roads connecting Longbei Suzhou were built.Change Hezhou to Linxia, ​​Liangzhou to Wuwei, Suzhou to Jiuquan, and Ganzhou to Zhangye.

Although Ma Fuxiang is a warlord, he is well aware of the principle of rejuvenating the country through education. Since the seventh year of the Republic of China (1918), Ma Fuxiang has initiated 59 Muslim primary schools, 10 middle and high-level primary schools, and 49 junior primary schools in various counties in Ningxia, with 1230 students in school. people.In the autumn of the eighth year of the Republic of China (1919), Menghui Teachers College was founded. In order to solve the school's running expenses, he took the lead in donating 1500 taels of silver.In Linxia this year, donated money to establish 5 primary schools, with a total of more than 500 students.Zhang Hanqing knew people well, so he appointed Ma Fuxiang as the director of the Gansu Provincial Education Committee to build Lanzhou Industrial School (later Lanzhou University).

In order to manage Gansu, follow the Northeast model, mobilize the masses, carry out extensive land reforms, and suppress local forces.The People's Party sent a group of cadres to Gansu to actively publicize the party's ethnic policies. The Han Hui family respected the customs of the Hui people, creating a great situation of ethnic unity.

Because of the rapid expansion of the Northwest People's Army and the consideration of actively preparing for the war against Anhui in the coming year, Zhang Hanqing is about to reorganize the captured officers and soldiers of various ministries, and recruit soldiers from the Hui people to join the army.The two independent brigades of Song Jiuling and Qi Enming were expanded into the 2nd and 3rd Divisions of the Northwest Army, and the Zhang Chengde Cavalry Brigade was expanded into the 4th Cavalry Division. Division) and commander of the Gansu Security Command.

In order to prepare for the upcoming war between Zhiwan and Anhui, Zhang Hanqing successively made strategic decisions to stabilize Xinjiang in the west, Sichuan and Sichuan in the south, and place the main force in the east in order to prepare for the eastward advance to Shaanxi and expel Chen Shufan, the governor of Shaanxi and Anhui.

While the Feng army was stabilizing the northwest, on December 1919, 12, Feng Guozhang, the leader of the direct line and former president, died of illness in Beijing at the age of 12.When he was in danger, he dictated Zhang Yiling's message, hoping that "peace will be realized as soon as possible, and I regret not being able to see reunification in person."The Beijing government issued an order to fly the national flags at half-mast for three days. Both Xu Shichang and Duan Qirui went to Feng Yu to mourn in person. Duan Qirui remembered the small station training in front of Feng Ling.Xu Shichang gave 62 yuan as Feng's funeral expenses.This "dog" among the "Three Heroes of Beiyang" who was at a disadvantage with Duan Qirui in the "Battle of the Courtyard" finally failed to defeat Duan Lao "Tiger" who was also one of the Three Heroes of Beiyang in his lifetime. went.As the governor and governor of Zhili, Cao Kun was promoted as the new leader of Zhili.