Thick black school

Chapter 45
The implementation of the Constitution should start with the village and end with nationwide implementation: the starting point is the village chief elected by the people, and the president elected by the people is the end point.In this way, people who are enthusiastic about constitutionalism can return to the countryside to do down-to-earth work. Only in this way can the foundation of democratic politics be truly consolidated.Therefore, it gradually developed, and the county, the province, and the central government did not wait.Once this method of organization has been completed, the political party is naturally destroyed.Even if there are political parties, they have become a kind of academic groups, which can neither manipulate the state power, but can only write their political opinions, write books, and widely publicize them nationwide, hoping that the people will adopt them and hope that the people will understand them.There is fair competition among all parties and factions.This is tantamount to Confucius and Mozi writing a book and setting up a theory, while at the same time personally traveling around the world and lobbying the princes of all walks of life.

Sogo talks about the economy.
Zongwu is about the economy: He thinks that to reform the economic system, first of all, the property in the world should be classified as public and private, and the public should belong to the public, and the private should belong to the private, so that the society can live in peace. .

The first item is the productivity of the earth: in the prehistoric age, the earth was the common property of animals. Later, when humans came out and defeated the animals, the earth became the common property of human beings.Therefore, the earth should be enjoyed by all human beings, and basically cannot be bought and sold with gold and silver.When capitalists buy it and recruit tenants to collect rent, it is an infringement of public property. Laborers buy it and cultivate it by themselves, which is also an infringement of public property.why?Suppose someone hires a worker to plant trees on a barren mountain for a day, and he is paid two dollars, and his labor is eliminated.The tree is on the mountain, let it grow naturally, and after a few years, it can be sold for a hundred or a thousand yuan.The extra 98 yuan or 98 yuan is all due to the productivity of the earth.Since the earth is a common property of mankind, the extra 98 yuan or 98 yuan should be shared equally by all mankind.Laborers can only enjoy the equivalent price of labor, but not this productivity.Therefore, capitalists buy to recruit tenants to collect rent, laborers buy to cultivate, and they are also encroaching on public property.For this reason, it is reasonable that all land in the country should be taken over to the public, and the public should recruit tenants and collect rents, so that the common benefits can be enjoyed by the whole society.

The second item is the productivity of machines: working for people for a day, you can get two dollars, and doing handicrafts, you can make a profit every day, which is no more than this amount, which can be regarded as the reward of labor.If you switch to a machine, you can make a profit of one hundred or one thousand yuan per month.The extra 98 yuan or 98 yuan is still due to the productivity of the machine, not from the labor of the workers.The person who invented the machine at the beginning gave up the invention right, and the machine became the public property of mankind.The 98 yuan or 98 yuan should be shared equally among all mankind.In the past, it was owned by the factory owner, which was an encroachment on public property.Therefore, it should be owned by the public, workers should be given a fair price for their work, and the benefits produced by the machine should be enjoyed by the whole society, which is reasonable.

The third item, mental power and physical power: among the things in the world, only the body is private to the individual.Two kinds of power are emitted from the body: one is the thinking power in the brain, and the other is the motor power of the hands and feet.These two forces are the private property of the individual.If the society wants to use it, it should pay a considerable price, and whether to sell it or not, everyone has complete autonomy and cannot be violated arbitrarily.

Based on the above point of view, a principle can be established: "The productivity of the earth and the productivity of machines belong to the public, and the brain and physical power belong to individuals." According to this principle, by reforming the economic system, society and individuals will naturally live in harmony.

Smith advocated the freedom of business, and the individual's mental and physical strength can be developed as much as possible. Public property is private.Marx advocated that all land and factories should be owned by the public. This is reasonable, but he also advocated forced labor. He believed that the brain and physical strength of individuals are the public property of society, so it is unavoidable to take private property for the public.Only Mr. Sun Yat-sen's democracy has the advantages of Smith and Marx, and has no disadvantages.There are three schools of economics in the world: one school of Smith is individualism; one school of Marx is socialism; Mr. Zhongshan combines individualism and socialism to form his own school.

Marx talked about communism, and Mr. Zhongshan also talked about communism.Marx means "together the present", Mr. Sun Yat-sen means "together the future", Marx means "to be owned by the public", and Mr. Sun Yat-sen means "to be owned by the public". Land and machinery cannot be privately owned." So all privately owned land and factories using machinery were purchased for public ownership, which became "share the future but not share the present".But there are so many factories in the country, and the land is so vast, where does the purchase money come from?
Here, we should first formulate a decree: "Banks are established by the state, and private individuals are not allowed to establish them. If the people have money, they will deposit it in the bank. If they need money, they will borrow from the bank. Those who share private loans will not be protected by law. Those who are involved in a lawsuit due to borrowing will have their funds confiscated and returned to the public. Those who hide huge sums of money at home and are robbed will also be confiscated when the thief captures them. Those who have deposits in foreign banks will have their nationality revoked after they are found out. Set up a national bank to store the funds of overseas Chinese, and transfer them from the country to foreign banks, and private individuals are not allowed to store them directly." In this way, the people's money can be used for all applications by centralizing the national bank.The monthly interest rate to the bank depends on the situation at any time.If it is assumed that the deposit is one cent per month and the loan is one and a half cents or two cents, it is no different from lending money and paying one-third or one-half of the income tax to the public.

There is a central bank in the capital, provincial banks in every province, county banks in every county, and banks and village banks below the county level. Now that the banking law has been established, it should be public property and can be purchased.

1. All private banks shall be abolished, and their capital shall be deposited in the National Bank with monthly interest.

2. Factories that use machines, ships, trains, mines, railways, etc., are all owned by the public, and the cost of income is deposited in the National Bank. Managers and employees, etc., will remain as they are and will not be changed. All dividends will be returned to the state. The procedure is very simple.

3.Land and houses across the country will be bought at the price.For example, a person A has a piece of land, and the monthly rent is 1 yuan, that is, the value is 5000 yuan, and it is deposited in the bank, and the monthly interest is [-] yuan.If the people need land and houses, they will inherit the tenant from the public.Those who have self-cultivated land and houses for self-occupation will be evaluated by the public, or voted to compete for tenants to determine their rent interest. The original owner has the priority to inherit the tenant. No one is a landlord, which is called "equal land rights".

4.International trade belongs to the public, and domestic trade belongs to private interests.Exported goods are sold by the people to the public and resold abroad; imported goods are purchased by the public and sold to the people, so they are sold freely and no tax is imposed.Foreigners who set up factories in the Mainland shall not be directly traded with them.In this case, the customs duties will be cancelled. If foreign goods are purchased for 150 yuan, they will be sold for [-] yuan or [-] yuan.As for which foreign goods should be bought and which ones should not be bought, the country has its own discretion. Exports and imports are balanced, and both my country and foreign countries benefit from it.

After the above four procedures are completed, living expenses can be paid according to the national population, and the principle is to maintain the minimum living standard.Because the people are about to hand over the land, machines, banks and the proceeds of international trade to the country, the same family should protect the people's right to survival.The French Revolution demanded human rights politically; our reform of the economic system focuses on the right to life.Mr. Zhongshan divided the standard of living into three levels:

1. Need, that is, survival.

2. Comfort.

3. Luxury.

In the current economic system, the people will freeze to death and starve to death in case of misfortune. They use the word "death" as a foothold to seek survival, comfort and luxury.The way to pay living expenses is to use the word "sheng" as a foothold, and then seek comfort and luxury.Survival is the center of society, everyone can survive, the center of gravity can be stable, reforming the society is like healing a disease, the sick part should be treated, and the non-ill part should not be used rashly.From the old economic system, the nationalization of land, machinery, banks, and international trade means that the sick part is cured, and the rest of the evil remains as it is, and private life is not interfered with unless it is harmful to society. That is, the disease-free part does not need a knife or needle.In this way, individualism and socialism can be reconciled, and Mr. Sun Yat-sen's democracy can be realized.

Mr. Zhongshan said repeatedly: "The Republic of China is a big company with 5000 million people, and we are all shareholders of this company." There are 5000 million shareholders, one person is one share, one new share is added when someone is born in junior high school, one share is canceled when one person dies, and the shareholding is very clear.The distribution of living expenses is the annual dividends distributed to all shareholders. Those who serve the society, whether they work hard or hard, will be given a considerable price, that is, shareholders will receive a considerable remuneration for their service in the company, in addition to the dividends.Such an organizational law is not only derived from the wage system, but also derived from nature.

If the Constitution stipulates that all land, factories, banks, and international trade should be nationalized, the conscription system, labor levy system, income tax, and inheritance tax should be abolished.Those who serve as soldiers and workers should pay a considerable price. If they are recruited for work, it is a violation of the private right of physical strength.The services of officials and the management of shopkeepers all use brainpower. If income tax is levied, it will violate the private right of brainpower.It is right to leave the money obtained through hard work to the children and grandchildren. If inheritance tax is levied, it also violates the private rights of brain and body.

Some people think about inheritance tax, which can cause capitalists, which is irrelevant.Banking magnates, car magnates, kerosene magnates, and business magnates in the United States, except banker Morgan, are all sons of abject poverty, and Morgan did not rely on inheritance to get rich.The reason why they get rich is all by personal efforts, engaged in the management of land, factories, banks and national trade.If the constitution defines the four as public property of the state, and private persons are not allowed to buy or sell them, these great kings will naturally be impossible to produce. This is the fundamental solution, and inheritance tax is no longer levied.

The land, factories, banks, and international trade are all under public ownership, and the big capitalists have no way to produce. The rich are lowered by one level;Between the two levels, there is room for people's activities.Mr. Sun Yat-sen talked about civil rights, and he did not advocate the equality of the level, but the equality of the foothold. Therefore, the economic organization should not advocate the equality of the level, so that the rich and the poor of the whole country should be equal, but the equality of the foothold, so that the people of the whole country should be equal. Opportunities to become rich are equal. Those who want to work in agriculture can lease land from the public; those who want to work can look for jobs in factories; they can be officials, teachers, or merchants.Due to the different types of labor, the rewards are different, whether poor or rich, purely depends on whether each person works hard or not.In this way, the people's aspirations can be promoted, and the society can evolve day by day.Just like if the terrain is uneven, the water will rush to the sea. If it is flat but not flowing, it will become stagnant water.

The thick black study of ancient style.
The early thick black studies were not like the books that were circulated later. There were no so-called "thick black classics" and "thick black biography and study records". They were just short stories titled "thick black studies".The text is in the ancient style, which is the only style in all Zongwu's works.In order to preserve the form of this section of "Thick Black Studies", readers can also have a look at the ancient prose style of the thick black leader. The full text is recorded as follows:

Ever since I learned to read and write, I have seen the ancients who enjoyed great fame and great reputation, and I feel strange.If you want to find out the reason for this, you can't find it. If you ask for the history of the Six Classics, you will be at a loss; if you ask for the hundreds of schools of thought, you will be at a loss; Ear.If you search poorly and search for sleep and food, you will have years.Occasionally read "Three Kingdoms", and I began to look forward to the day of enlightenment: "If you get it, if you get it, those who have achieved great things in ancient times are not just thick-hearted!" The hero of the Three Kingdoms, Cao Cao's leader, Cao forced the emperor, and killed the queen Those who ran out of food and killed the master, and those who killed Xingji while sleeping in the daytime, such as Lu Boshe, Kong Rong, Yang Xiu, Dong Cheng, Fu Wan, etc., all slaughtered one by one. The darkness is also clouded.Liu Bei was the next to the manipulator, who followed Cao Cao, Yi Lu Bu, Yi Yuan Shao, Liu Biao, and Sun Quan. It's also cloudy.Another time it was Sun Quan, Quan killed Guan Yu, his heart was black, and he immediately negotiated peace and proclaimed his minister Cao Pi.All in all, the heart of action is black, the face of preparation is thick, the face and heart of power are neither thick nor black, and both thick and black.Therefore, Cao Cao is deeper than black scholars, and Liu Bei is deeper than thick scholars; both Sun Quan and Hou Hei either come out or enter Yan, black is not as good as Cao, and thick is not as good as Bei.These three sons are all heroes, each of them learns from what he has learned, and strives to be the leader, so the world is divided into three parts.After that, the three sons died one after another, and Sima's father and son took advantage of the time to rise, and there were many elders on the verge of death, who could bear the legacy of women, be able to endure the bullying of orphans and widows, and be conceived and molded by Cao Liu and others, and they would be the masters. , One-third of the world, even if you want not to mix with Sima, you can't.Zhuge Wuhou, a genius in the world, led his division to the Northern Expedition, determined to wipe him out, and died no longer in the Han Dynasty, but returned to the old capital. Wang Zuo's talent is definitely not the enemy of the thick and black masters!
So I went back and asked for the group records, and I explained everything to those who doubted it.That is to say, in the early Han Dynasty, Xiang Yu was dumb and powerful, thousands of people fainted, died in Dongcheng, and laughed for the world.According to Fan Zeng's plan, the banquet at the Hongmen is just a matter of effort, and the title of emperor Tai Gaozu, Yu has already sat down and enjoyed it;In the defeat of Gaixia, the pavilion chief waited with a boat, and Yu Ze said: "Ji and 8000 children from Jiangdong crossed the river to the west, and no one has returned. Zong Jiangdong's father and brother pity me and king me. How can I see him? Even if he doesn't say anything , is Ji alone worthy of your heart?" Hey, Yu made a mistake!People's hearts are different, and people's faces are also different. Isn't it absurd to say that the death of me in this world is not a crime of war without first judging the tactics of others?Peigong's blackness, due to the will of the sky, pushed Xiaohui in front of the car, shared the cup on the Zu, Han Peng woke up, rabbits and dogs cooked, arbitrarily determined in his heart, and calmly said.As far as his deep learning is concerned, he can get it from Zhang Liang. The teacher of Liang is called the old man who is on the edge. Liang Jinlu receives books and suddenly realizes the wonderful truth.Good is what other people say, but they don't realize it. Only Pei Gong is good at it, and he can pass it on as much as possible.Xiang Wang was angry and challenged, he laughed and thanked him, Li Sheng blamed him for seeing the elders, he got up and sat on the top, Han Xin took advantage of him to be trapped in Xingyang, and asked to be a false king to suppress Qi, he was also angry at first, and finally Forbearance, since it is not possible to gain from further studies, what if Hu Neng is open-minded?When Empress Lu privately set up Yanghou, she pretended not to know, especially those who were conspicuous.He has the richness of the heaven, the profound education, the relationship between the monarch, the minister, the father, the son, the brother, the husband, the husband and the friend, which is handed down in the popular customs, outlines and clears it up, wipes out the heroes, and has been passed down for more than four hundred years. Although it is called the destiny, is it not a human thing?

During the Chu and Han Dynasties, there was a man who was thick but not dark, and died as a loser. Han Xin was the same, and he could bear the humiliation of his crotch, and his profound knowledge was definitely excellent.Later, he became the king of Qi. If he listened to what Kuai Tong said, it is actually unspeakable.But why tired of undoing the selfish love of clothing and pushing food, he rashly said: those who clothe people's clothes care about people; those who eat people's food are about dead people?In the Changle bell room, the head is in a different place, and it is also possible for the barbarians and the nine tribes.During the Chu and Han Dynasties, there was a man who was dark but not thick, and he was also the loser, and Fan Zeng was like that.Peigong defeated Xianyang, attacked Ziying, and returned to Bashang. Qiu did not commit any crimes. Zengdu said that his ambition was not small.It is necessary to put it to death.Then the Han Dynasty used Chen Ping's strategy to sparse the monarchs and ministers of Chu, increased their anger and begged to go, but before they returned to Pengcheng, they died of gangrene.Husband wants to plan big things, what to do with anger!Can't increase, Xiang Yu can't die, Gou Neng can take a moment, except for taking advantage of Liu's weakness, the world's affairs can still be done; but the increase can't bear it, kills his body, restores his king, is it true that the outstanding people are like this?
Fu Houhei is learning, its method is as simple as it is, and its effect is as godly as it is, small and small, great and great. Separatist regime ruled the roost, Xuanhe I.Han Xin and Fan Zeng, whose studies were not under Cao Liu, unfortunately met Pei Gong and failed, what a pity!However, although the two sons did not die well, they were able to become famous in the world with the fear of their elders. After their death, they were able to be listed in the history and legends.From the three generations to the present, there are innumerable emperors, generals and ministers. If there is any benefit in their affairs, why don't they come here?The books and policies are all there, and the facts are hard to slander.Scholars are based on what I seek out, and they have the magic of sudden penetration.

(End of this chapter)