Daqin Empire Advanced Manual

Chapter 7 Classic Battle (2)
Battle of Changping
The earliest and largest war of encirclement and annihilation in the history of our country was also the ultimate duel between the two powers of Qin and Zhao. This battle enabled Qin to completely destroy Zhao, the only superpower in the world that could compete with itself, and also made the six countries no longer able to resist Qin alone. The country laid a solid foundation for the unification of the world in the future.

The Battle of Changping originated from the change of Shangdang. At that time, Qin State intended to seize the strategically important place in South Korea-Shangdang Heights according to the strategy of "distance and close attack" proposed by Prime Minister Fan Ju.Feng Ting, the prefect of Shangdang, was unwilling to surrender to Qin, and offered the whole county to Zhao. King Zhao Xiaocheng, with the support of Pingyuan Lord Zhao Sheng, decided to accept Shangdang and sent Lian Po to lead troops to garrison.The Qin State attacked with the army led by the general Wang Lu, but was temporarily frustrated because Lian Po could not hold on.The two sides continued to increase their troops in Shangdang, and they fought each other several times, so they coincidentally launched a long confrontation.

In order to break the stalemate, Qin State immediately started an intensive information war, deliberately spreading rumors such as "Bai Qi is critically ill" and "Qin's army is not afraid of Lianpo, but Zhao Kuo alone".Driven by rumors, Zhao Guo finally appointed Zhao Kuo, the son of Zhao She, to replace Lian Po in command of the Changping Zhao army.After Zhao Kuo took office, he changed Lian Po's blindly sticking tactics, and actively began to prepare for the attack.After receiving the news, Bai Qi also joined the army secretly. After careful and detailed deployment, the Qin and Zhao armies finally began to confront each other head-on.

At that time, the Qin army pretended to be defeated, lured 40 Zhao troops into the open valley of Changping, and dispatched two surprise soldiers to quickly insert behind the Zhao army to build barriers. Every valley mouth to cut off Zhao Jun grain road.Although Zhao Kuo was aware of it and quickly counterattacked, the Qin army's barrier had been established, and Zhao's army fell into a tight siege, and failed to break through several times.

The Zhao army lost its combat power due to hunger, and the commander Zhao Kuo also died in front of the battle in the last breakout. The surviving Zhao army had to surrender to Qin as a last resort.

The Battle of Changping created a military miracle in the Warring States Period and even in the history of ancient warfare, and it also brewed the biggest tragedy in the Warring States Period.

Battle of Handan
Immediately after the Battle of Changping, there was another battle between Qin and Zhao.After the Changping decisive battle, Bai Qi wanted to take advantage of the victory to attack Handan, the capital of Zhao, and thus destroy the state of Zhao.Prime Minister Fan Ju had a disagreement with him, thinking that the Qin army was exhausted after the war and should take a rest. King Qin Zhaoxiang adopted Fan Ju's opinion.

However, not long after, King Qin Zhao regretted it again, and again intended to send troops to attack Zhao, but Bai Qi thought that he had missed the best opportunity at this time, and the attack on Zhao would inevitably fail. However, King Qin Zhao did not listen to Bai Qi, but insisted on sending troops. Take Handan directly.

At this time, although Zhao State suffered a disastrous defeat in the Battle of Changping, its vitality has recovered, and because of its deep hatred for Qin State, it shares the same hatred with the enemy, and its morale is extremely high.Pingyuan Lord Zhao Sheng went to the city to supervise the battle in person, and dispersed all his wealth. He formed a death squad of [-] followers and went out of the city every night to attack the Qin army.Wang Ling's army continued to attack Handan for nearly a year, but failed to conquer Handan. Instead, it lost five schools ([-]) successively.

After that, King Qin Zhao reassigned general Wang Lu to lead the army and continued the fierce attack. Handan, which was under continuous siege, finally ran out of food and grass.At a critical juncture, Lord Pingyuan Zhao Sheng asked Lord Xinling of Wei State for help, and he personally led his disciples to the State of Chu to ask for help, and the most magnificent Hezong in the late Warring States period began.

On the part of the State of Wei, because King Anli of Wei was intimidated by the front of the Qin army, Lord Xinling Wei Wuji listened to the advice of Hou Ying, a doorman, and asked Wei Wang's favorite concubine, Ruji, to steal a tiger talisman. The classic story of "Stealing Talismans and Rescuing Zhao"; on the part of Chu State, King Chu Kaolie was also hesitant because he was afraid of the Qin army when faced with the request of Lord Pingyuan. The lobbying prompted the king of Chu to make up his mind, and ordered Chunshenjun Huang Xie and general Jingyang to lead the army to rescue Zhao, leaving behind the famous allusion of "Mao Sui recommended himself".

After the two armies of Wei and Chu joined forces, they flanked the defending Zhao army inside and outside, and soon defeated the defenseless and demoralized Qin army, and the siege of Handan was lifted.

The Battle of Qin's Annihilation of the Six Kingdoms
The war to unify the six kingdoms during Qin Shihuang's period.Famous generals Wang Jian and Wang Ben led the Qin army, and successively destroyed the six countries of Han, Zhao, Yan, Wei, Chu, and Qi, and the Qin Dynasty was established.

The War of Destroying the Six Kingdoms began in 229 BC, and the primary goal was South Korea, which was close at hand and weak.Qin State first put pressure on South Korea through diplomatic channels, forcing it to cede Nanyang County, and in the second year after taking over Nanyang County, Teng, the governor of Neishi County, led the army to conquer Xinzheng and won the first battle.After that, the famous general Wang Jian personally led the army to start the battle to destroy Zhao.The Qin army was divided into three groups. After nearly a year of confrontation, the Qin army wiped out Zhao in one fell swoop, but Zhao Guogong's son Jia fled to Daidi to stand on his own as the king, and started to fight against Qin with Yan Guo.

In view of this, Qin State's military front was logically directed at Yan State. In the meantime, facing Yan State's request to surrender, although Qin Wangzheng intended to accept it, Jing Ke's assassination of Qin completely shattered the hope of peaceful reunification.After the fall of the Yan Kingdom, Wang Ben, the son of Wang Jian, led the army to the south, attacked Chu first, and conquered ten cities in a row.

On the eve of the destruction of Chu, Wang Jian had a disagreement with Qin Wangzheng because of the force of the attack on Chu.Qin Wangzheng adopted Li Xin's plan to destroy Chu with an army of 20, and appointed him as the commander-in-chief of Chu, but was defeated.Qin Wangzheng learned from the painful experience, and rushed to Pinyang to admit his mistake to Wang Jian in person.

After Wang Jian led an army of 60 to Huaibei, he was not in a hurry to fight the Chu army.After a long-term confrontation, the Qin army's combat strength, morale, and mutual coordination reached their peak, while the Chu army's morale was low.Wang Jian immediately seized the opportunity to kill all the troops, defeated the Chu army, killed the Chu general Xiang Yan, captured Yingdu, captured the king of Chu, and destroyed the Chu State.

One year later, Wang Ben successively destroyed the remnants of the Yan Dynasty and forced him to surrender to the Qi State. The six kingdoms were destroyed and the world was unified.

The War of Qin's Annihilation of the Six Kingdoms lasted for ten years. Wang Jian, Wang Ben and his son relied on the strong strength of the Qin State and the full support of the Qin King's government and officials.

The Battle of Ding Baiyue in the South and Attacking the Huns in the North

After the establishment of the Qin Dynasty, the two major wars between the North and the South.Although the world was unified at that time, it was not peaceful.In the south of the Qin Empire, the Baiyue ethnic group in the south of the Lingnan has not yet joined; in the north, the increasingly powerful Xiongnu is eyeing.In order to defend the newly established empire and relieve the hidden dangers on the north-south border, Qin Shihuang's monarchs and ministers began to actively plan for this.

In the Lingnan Baiyue area, 50 troops and militiamen were divided into five groups, starting from the territory of the old Chu State, marching into Lingnan, first subduing the Minyue area, abolishing Dongou King and Minyue King as rulers, and setting their lands in Minzhong County ; After that, it occupied the Nanyue area with Panyu as the core, and established Nanhai County; when attacking the West Yue area, the commander Tu Ju was attacked and killed by Baiyue people.

Because of the lack of food and grass supplies due to going deep into the dense forest, the Qin army was in a difficult situation for a while.In order to solve the problem of grain and grass, the supervisor Shi Lu opened up the Hunan and Lier Rivers, dug the Lingqu Canal, and ensured the supply of grain and grass. In the end, the Qin army was able to pacify the Xiyue land and merge Guilin and Xiang counties.Afterwards, the Qin army stationed in Lingnan, and Qin Shihuang conscripted a large number of immigrants to go south to intermarry and live with the local Baiyue people. The Baiyue tribe has since integrated into the Huaxia ethnic group.

In the Jiuyuan area of ​​northern Xinjiang, the famous general Meng Tian led an army of 30, and started two battles against the Huns in the north.The Qin army won a complete victory in this campaign, inflicting heavy losses on the Xiongnu and expanding the land for seven hundred miles.Soon after, Gaoquesai was captured again, Yangshan and Beijia areas were occupied, and all of Henan was recovered.

Afterwards, the Qin Empire established Jiuyuan County and New Qinzhong County in northern Xinjiang, and enlisted the people for development.Meng Tian presided over the construction of the two immortal projects of Qin Zhidao and the Great Wall, thus eliminating the threat of the Huns to the Central Plains.

The double victory of Ding Baiyue in the south and attacking the Xiongnu in the north has far-reaching significance for the survival of the Qin Empire and even the Huaxia ethnic group.

Battle of Julu
The crucial battle of the demise of the Qin Empire was also the last swan song of the main Qin army.

When Qin Shihuang died on a hunting tour, Prime Minister Li Si conspired with eunuch Zhao Gao to tamper with the edict and support the youngest son Hu Hai as the second emperor.After Hu Hai succeeded to the throne, he indulged in pleasure and cruelly oppressed the people with severe punishments and laws, which soon triggered the Daze Township Uprising led by Chen Sheng and Wu Guang. After that, the old nobles of the six countries and the people from all over the country rebelled one after another.

At that time, the two main forces of the Qin Empire were stationed in the southern and northern borders of the Lingnan, and could not return in time for assistance.Qin II formed an army of prisoners who built Lishan Mausoleum, and handed it over to Zhang Han, the Shaofu, and hurriedly dispatched the northern Qin army led by Wang Li, the grandson of the famous general Wang Jian, to go south.After more than half a year of fighting, Zhang Han wiped out many rebel armies one after another, and decided to join forces with Wang Li and Qin's army to attack the new Zhao forces entrenched in Julu, Hebei, and the Battle of Julu began.

Among the two Qin armies, Wang Li was in charge of besieging Julu, while Zhang Han built tunnels and used them to transport grain.Zhao Wangxie, who was trapped in Julu, hurriedly asked the restored princes for help. However, Yan, Qi, Wei and other princes were afraid of the strength of the Qin army, and they all stood by. Killed and seized the military power, and actively prepared to go north to rescue Zhao.

After arriving at the south bank of the Zhangshui River, Xiang Yu first ordered his general Ying Bu to go north, repeatedly destroying the corridors and harassing the Qin army's food roads with guerrilla tactics, and soon the Qin army ran out of food and grass.Afterwards, the whole army was ordered to break the kettles used for cooking, and all the ferries were scuttled after crossing the Zhang River to show their indomitable determination to fight to the death, leaving behind the famous allusion of "breaking the kettle and sinking the boat".The high-morale Chu army all counted one as ten. They first repelled Zhang Han's soldiers and horses, and then fought nine consecutive battles under Julu City, gradually gaining the upper hand.Seeing this, the princes who had been stagnant all joined the battle one after another, and finally defeated the Qin army, which was severely weakened by the shortage of food and grass, captured the commander Wang Li, and lifted the siege of Julu.

(End of this chapter)